西天目山主要草本药用植物调查与应用研究
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摘要
为探明西天目山主要草本药用植物资源及其应用情况,采用路线调查、查阅文献及书籍、走访居民等方法进行调查,为该区草本药用植物的研究、保护及利用提供科学依据。结果显示:(1)该区主要有草本药用植物150种,隶属于64科133属。单种科占首位,含2—5种的寡种科占次位,2者分别占总科数的63. 00%和30. 00%,分别占总种数的26. 67%和33. 33%。单种科及寡种科占的比例大,说明该区草本药用植物科的组成具多样性;(2)单种属最多,占总属数的90. 23%,除单种属外皆为寡种属,表明该区草本药用植物无占明显优势的大属,属的构成复杂多样;(3) 1年生及多年生草本药用植物占主导地位,分别占总种数的25. 33%及56. 00%;(4)被子植物门双子叶植物最多,占总种数的67. 33%;(5)当地药用草本植物的利用方式多样,有栽培作药用、食用与观赏,采集野生作药用、食用、牧草等方式,但未被利用的仍占主体,达37. 89%。该区草本药用植物多样性丰富,药用价值高,应建立研究、管理及宣传机构进行保护和合理利用。
In order to explore main herbaceous medicinal plant resources and their application in West Tianmu Mountain,the route research,literature consult,interview investigation and other methods were used. The results are as follows:( 1)There are 150 main herbaceous medicinal plant species in West Tianmu Mountain,belonging to 133 genera and 64 families.The single-species family ranks the first place,followed by the oligo-species family with 2—5 species which accounts for63. 00% of total families and contains 26. 67% of total species. Meanwhile,the oligo-species family accounts for 30. 00% of total families and contains 33. 33% of total species. The proportion of single-species family and oligo-species family are large,indicating that the composition of herbaceous medicinal plant family in this area is diverse.( 2) The single-species genera are the most,accounting for 90. 23% of the total genera. The other herbaceous medicinal plants all belong to oligospecies genera,which indicates that there are no dominant genera with multi-species in this area and the composition of genera is complex and diverse.( 3) Annual and perennial herbaceous medicinal plant species are dominant,accounting for25. 33% and 56% of the total species respectively.( 4) The number of dicotyledonous plants belonging to angiospermophyta is the largest,accounting for 67. 33% of the total species.( 5) Local residents use herbaceous medicinal plants in a variety of ways including cultivation for medicine,edible,ornamental and collection for medicine,edible,herbage. However,the unused medicinal plants still account for 37. 89%. Herbaceous medicinal plants in this area are abundant in diversity and have high medicinal value. The organizations for investigation,management should be established to protect and rationally utilize these resources.
In order to explore main herbaceous medicinal plant resources and their application in West Tianmu Mountain,the route research,literature consult,interview investigation and other methods were used. The results are as follows:( 1)There are 150 main herbaceous medicinal plant species in West Tianmu Mountain,belonging to 133 genera and 64 families.The single-species family ranks the first place,followed by the oligo-species family with 2—5 species which accounts for63. 00% of total families and contains 26. 67% of total species. Meanwhile,the oligo-species family accounts for 30. 00% of total families and contains 33. 33% of total species. The proportion of single-species family and oligo-species family are large,indicating that the composition of herbaceous medicinal plant family in this area is diverse.( 2) The single-species genera are the most,accounting for 90. 23% of the total genera. The other herbaceous medicinal plants all belong to oligospecies genera,which indicates that there are no dominant genera with multi-species in this area and the composition of genera is complex and diverse.( 3) Annual and perennial herbaceous medicinal plant species are dominant,accounting for25. 33% and 56% of the total species respectively.( 4) The number of dicotyledonous plants belonging to angiospermophyta is the largest,accounting for 67. 33% of the total species.( 5) Local residents use herbaceous medicinal plants in a variety of ways including cultivation for medicine,edible,ornamental and collection for medicine,edible,herbage. However,the unused medicinal plants still account for 37. 89%. Herbaceous medicinal plants in this area are abundant in diversity and have high medicinal value. The organizations for investigation,management should be established to protect and rationally utilize these resources.
引文
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[2]袁小凤,丁志山,周云凯.天目山药用植物中国特有属的初步研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2007,31(5):756-759.
[3]陈路路,王中华,周帜,等.基于液相色谱-串联质谱技术的新疆一枝蒿植物代谢组学分析方法研究[J].分析化学,2018,46(5):735-742.
[4]黄雪菊,林希,李沙,等.药用植物资源生态研究进展[J].四川环境,2014,33(4):146-153.
[5]孙红梅,张冬冬,修小娟.中山市风水林的药用植物资源[J].热带生物学报,2016,7(3):368-372.
[6]任强,樊守金,赵遵田.青岛崂山药用植物研究[J].山东科学,2001(3):43-47.
[7]金银根.植物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[8]罗建,费文群,李琴,等.西藏色季拉山野生药用植物资源多样性及其保护与利用[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(2):353-362.
[9]田春元,周秀佳.天目山自然保护区悬钩子属药用植物资源研究[J].广西植物,2004,24(4):297-301.
[10]张小惠,朱忆文,李之音,等.西天目山野生蔬菜的垂直分布特征及其利用[J].江苏林业科技,2017,44(5):22-26,31.
[11]丁炳扬.天目山植物志[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2010.
[12]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[13]艾铁民.中国药用植物志[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2014.
[14]侯士良.中药八百种详解[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1999.
[15]宋立人.中华本草[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999.
[16]毛丹,马学文,毛伟,等.河南云台山药用植物种质资源研究[J].国土与自然资源研究,2013(5):80-82.
[17]张杰,王友保,刘登义,等.芜湖市药用植物资源[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004,27(1):65-67,70.
[18]杨红.浅析建设生态文明下推进管护新机制[J].花卉,2018(10):274-275.
[19]李森,耿晓东.河南省珍稀濒危药用植物资源[J].中国林副特产,2002(3):55-56.
[20]由金文,林先明,廖朝林,等.八角莲致濒原因及其野生资源保护[J].现代中药研究与实践,2007(4):25-27.