基于矢量对角加载的近场目标定位方法
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摘要
针对采样数据少的情况下近场最小方差无畸变(MVDR)算法定位性能差的问题,提出一种基于矢量对角加载的近场MVDR定位方法。首先推导了基于任意型矢量阵的近场MVDR算法,并分析了算法在快拍数较少时性能下降原因;矢量对角加载方法利用采样数据协方差矩阵的标准差作为加载量完成对角加载处理,获得改善的协方差矩阵;最后通过仿真和实验数据验证改进算法的有效性和稳定性。验证结果表明,提出的方法能克服小快拍数据的影响,提高水雷对近场区域目标的定位稳定性。
The performance of standard near MVDR(Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) algorithm would be decreased sharply when the sampled data is small. This paper proposed a near MVDR localization method based on vector diagonal loading. Firstly, the near MVDR algorithm based on arbitrary vector array was derived detailedly and the reasons for the performance degradation of the algorithm were analyzed when the snapshots number was small. Vector diagonal loading method used the standard deviation of sampling data covariance matrix as loading amount to complete diagonal loading processing and an improved covariance matrix was proposed. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm was verified by simulation and experiment data. Simulation results revealed that the proposed algorithm could overcome the influence of small snapshots and improved the stability of near-field target location.
The performance of standard near MVDR(Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) algorithm would be decreased sharply when the sampled data is small. This paper proposed a near MVDR localization method based on vector diagonal loading. Firstly, the near MVDR algorithm based on arbitrary vector array was derived detailedly and the reasons for the performance degradation of the algorithm were analyzed when the snapshots number was small. Vector diagonal loading method used the standard deviation of sampling data covariance matrix as loading amount to complete diagonal loading processing and an improved covariance matrix was proposed. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm was verified by simulation and experiment data. Simulation results revealed that the proposed algorithm could overcome the influence of small snapshots and improved the stability of near-field target location.
引文
[1]张超然.基于矢量探测的小目标定位计算研究[D].武汉:海军工程大学,2016.
[2]陈强.水下无人航行器[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014.
[3]姬庆,程锦房,肖大为.基于矢量阵的近场小目标定位算法研究[J].舰船科学技术,2018,40(7):105-109.
[4]Capon J.High-resolution frequency-wavenumber spectrum analysis[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2005,57(8):1408-1418.
[5]鄢社锋,马远良.传感器阵列波束优化设计及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[6]Carlson B D.Covariance matrix estimation errors and diagonal loading in adaptive arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems,1988,24(4):397-401.
[7]Li J,Stoica P,Wang Z.On robust Capon beamforming and diagonal loading[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2003,51(7):1702-1715.
[8]金伟,贾维敏,姚敏立.迭代对角加载采样矩阵求逆鲁棒自适应波束形成[J].电子与信息学报,2012,34(5):1120-1125.
[9]时洁,杨德森.基于矢量阵宽带MVDR聚焦波束形成的水下噪声源定位方法[J].信号处理,2010,26(5):687-694.
[10]刘凯,梁国龙.基于矩阵空域预滤波的近场聚焦波束形成[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014(1):58-61.
[11]Wu Y I,Wong K T.Acoustic sear-field source-localization by two passive anchor-nodes [J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems,2012,48(1):159-169.
[12]张超然,程锦房,肖大为.多矢量水听器低频近场目标协同定位算法[J].国防科技大学学报,2016,38(6):180-185.
[13]游鸿,黄建国.子空间投影DOA估计算法分析及合成空间谱[J].航空学报,2008,29(5):1334-1339.
[14]Ma N,Goh J T.Efficient method to determine diagonal loading value[C]//IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,2003:341-344.
[2]陈强.水下无人航行器[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014.
[3]姬庆,程锦房,肖大为.基于矢量阵的近场小目标定位算法研究[J].舰船科学技术,2018,40(7):105-109.
[4]Capon J.High-resolution frequency-wavenumber spectrum analysis[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2005,57(8):1408-1418.
[5]鄢社锋,马远良.传感器阵列波束优化设计及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[6]Carlson B D.Covariance matrix estimation errors and diagonal loading in adaptive arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems,1988,24(4):397-401.
[7]Li J,Stoica P,Wang Z.On robust Capon beamforming and diagonal loading[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2003,51(7):1702-1715.
[8]金伟,贾维敏,姚敏立.迭代对角加载采样矩阵求逆鲁棒自适应波束形成[J].电子与信息学报,2012,34(5):1120-1125.
[9]时洁,杨德森.基于矢量阵宽带MVDR聚焦波束形成的水下噪声源定位方法[J].信号处理,2010,26(5):687-694.
[10]刘凯,梁国龙.基于矩阵空域预滤波的近场聚焦波束形成[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014(1):58-61.
[11]Wu Y I,Wong K T.Acoustic sear-field source-localization by two passive anchor-nodes [J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems,2012,48(1):159-169.
[12]张超然,程锦房,肖大为.多矢量水听器低频近场目标协同定位算法[J].国防科技大学学报,2016,38(6):180-185.
[13]游鸿,黄建国.子空间投影DOA估计算法分析及合成空间谱[J].航空学报,2008,29(5):1334-1339.
[14]Ma N,Goh J T.Efficient method to determine diagonal loading value[C]//IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,2003:341-344.