二甲戊灵和氟节胺复配作为打顶剂对棉花农艺性状及抗逆性的影响
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摘要
[目的]筛选棉田化学打顶的最佳配方。[方法]采用氟节胺与二甲戊灵按质量比二元复配,测定不同配方处理下棉花农艺性状和生理指标的变化。[结果]氟节胺与二甲戊灵复配比例对打顶效果影响显著,二甲戊灵比例越高,对棉花控顶越持久;反之,株型越紧凑。其中氟节胺·二甲戊灵(4∶1)配方打顶效果最佳,与人工打顶相比,棉花株高和单产分别增加(5.32±2.0) cm和(78±8.9) kg/hm~2,并且棉叶POD酶与SOD酶活性显著增强。[结论]该配方打顶效果与人工相当,提升了棉花耐高温能力,可替代人工打顶。
[Aims] This study aims to screen out the best formula of chemical topping agent in cotton field. [Methods] The changes of agronomic characters and physiological indexes of cotton under treatment with binary compounds of flumetralin and pendimethalin were recorded. [Results] The ratio of flumetralin and pendimethalin had a significant effect on the cotton topping, and the higher the proportion of pendimethalin in the cotton topping formulas, the longer the effective period was. Conversely, a high proportion of flumetralin made the plant space more compact. The best ratio of flumetralin and pendimethalin was 4 ∶1 on topping effect of cotton. Compared with the manual topping treatment, the plant height and yield of cotton on this formula treatment increased(5.32±2.0) cm and(78±8.9) kg/ha, respectively.Meanwhile, there was a significant improvement on the activity of POD and SOD enzymes in cotton leaves.[Conclusions] The binary compounds of flumetralin and pendimethalin(4:1) have a good topping effect and can raise tolerance to high temperature stress, which means that this way may be a potential alternative to manual topping.
[Aims] This study aims to screen out the best formula of chemical topping agent in cotton field. [Methods] The changes of agronomic characters and physiological indexes of cotton under treatment with binary compounds of flumetralin and pendimethalin were recorded. [Results] The ratio of flumetralin and pendimethalin had a significant effect on the cotton topping, and the higher the proportion of pendimethalin in the cotton topping formulas, the longer the effective period was. Conversely, a high proportion of flumetralin made the plant space more compact. The best ratio of flumetralin and pendimethalin was 4 ∶1 on topping effect of cotton. Compared with the manual topping treatment, the plant height and yield of cotton on this formula treatment increased(5.32±2.0) cm and(78±8.9) kg/ha, respectively.Meanwhile, there was a significant improvement on the activity of POD and SOD enzymes in cotton leaves.[Conclusions] The binary compounds of flumetralin and pendimethalin(4:1) have a good topping effect and can raise tolerance to high temperature stress, which means that this way may be a potential alternative to manual topping.
引文
[1]毛树春.我国棉花种植技术的现代化问题---兼论“十二五”棉花栽培相关研究[J].中国棉花,2010,37(3):2-6.
[2]YANG Yan-min,ZHU Ou-yang,YANG Yong-hui,et al.Simulation of the Effect of Pruning and Topping on Cotton Growth Using COTTON2K Model[J].Field Crops Research,2008,106(2):126-137.
[3]马富裕,程海涛,李少昆,等.高产棉花打顶调控的群体适宜性研究[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1843-1848.
[4]罗昕,胡斌,王维新,等.3MDZK-12型组控式单行仿形棉花打顶机[J].农机化研究,2008,30(11):136-138.
[5]唐军,罗昕,胡斌,等.3MDZK-12型单行仿形棉花打顶机的结构设计与性能试验研究[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2008,6(4):511-514.
[6]韩辉.棉花机械与人工打顶对比试验[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(5):179.
[7]李新裕,陈玉娟.新疆垦区长绒棉化学封顶取代人工打顶试验研究[J].中国棉花,2001,28(1):11-12.
[8]赵强,周春江,张巨松,等.化学打顶对南疆棉花农艺和经济性状的影响[J].棉花学报,2011,23(4):329-333.
[9]杨成勋,张旺锋,徐守振,等.喷施化学打顶剂对棉花冠层结构及群体光合生产的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1672-1684.
[10]刘继.禾田福可在棉花上的应用效果分析[J].新疆农垦科技,2017,40(4):51-52.
[11]戴翠荣,练文明,李子,等.南疆棉区氟节胺化学打顶技术初探[J].中国棉花,2013,40(9):31-33.
[12]董春玲,罗宏海,张亚黎,等.喷施氟节胺对棉花农艺性状的影响及化学打顶效应研究[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(11):1985-1990.
[13]苏成付,邱新棉,王世林.烟草抑芽剂氟节胺在棉花打顶上的应用[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(4):545-548.
[14]郑雄志,李宏光,易图永,等.六种烟草抑芽剂对烟芽抑制效果的研究[J].湖南农业科学,2013,20(2):33-34.
[15]杨成勋,张旺锋,徐守振,等.喷施化学打顶剂对棉花冠层结构及群体光合生产的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1672-1684.
[16]RAO M V,PALIYATH G,ORMROD D P.Ultraviolet-b-and Ozone-Induced Biochemical Changes in Antioxidant Enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Physiology,1996,110(1):125-136.
[17]IMMOLLER,JENSEN P E,HANSSON A.Oxidative Modifications to Cellular Components in Plants[J].Annu Rev P1ant Bio,2007,58:459-481.
[18]屠小菊,汪启明,饶力群.高温胁迫对植物生理生化的影响[J].湖南农业学报,2013,24(13):28-30.
[19]李冰,刘宏涛,孙大业,等.植物热激反应的信号转导机理[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2002,28(1):1-10.
[20]周祖富,黎兆安.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005,114-123.
[21]高长敏,马光恕,廉华,等.木霉菌对黄瓜幼苗生长和膜脂过氧化指标的影响及对枯萎病的防治效果[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(5):762-770.
[22]王香茹,张恒恒,庞念厂,等.新疆棉区棉花化学打顶剂的筛选研究[J].中国棉花,2018,45(3):7-12,31.
[23]王虹,王自强.中高密度栽培下不同打顶时间对棉花产量的影响[J].农村科技,2007,16(9):12.
[24]赵强,张巨松,周春江,等.化学打顶对棉花群体容量的拓展效应[J].棉花学报,2011,23(5):401-407.
[25]姜逢清,杨德刚.新疆棉花产量构成要素分析[J].干旱区研究,2003,20(2):104-109.
[2]YANG Yan-min,ZHU Ou-yang,YANG Yong-hui,et al.Simulation of the Effect of Pruning and Topping on Cotton Growth Using COTTON2K Model[J].Field Crops Research,2008,106(2):126-137.
[3]马富裕,程海涛,李少昆,等.高产棉花打顶调控的群体适宜性研究[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1843-1848.
[4]罗昕,胡斌,王维新,等.3MDZK-12型组控式单行仿形棉花打顶机[J].农机化研究,2008,30(11):136-138.
[5]唐军,罗昕,胡斌,等.3MDZK-12型单行仿形棉花打顶机的结构设计与性能试验研究[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2008,6(4):511-514.
[6]韩辉.棉花机械与人工打顶对比试验[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(5):179.
[7]李新裕,陈玉娟.新疆垦区长绒棉化学封顶取代人工打顶试验研究[J].中国棉花,2001,28(1):11-12.
[8]赵强,周春江,张巨松,等.化学打顶对南疆棉花农艺和经济性状的影响[J].棉花学报,2011,23(4):329-333.
[9]杨成勋,张旺锋,徐守振,等.喷施化学打顶剂对棉花冠层结构及群体光合生产的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1672-1684.
[10]刘继.禾田福可在棉花上的应用效果分析[J].新疆农垦科技,2017,40(4):51-52.
[11]戴翠荣,练文明,李子,等.南疆棉区氟节胺化学打顶技术初探[J].中国棉花,2013,40(9):31-33.
[12]董春玲,罗宏海,张亚黎,等.喷施氟节胺对棉花农艺性状的影响及化学打顶效应研究[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(11):1985-1990.
[13]苏成付,邱新棉,王世林.烟草抑芽剂氟节胺在棉花打顶上的应用[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(4):545-548.
[14]郑雄志,李宏光,易图永,等.六种烟草抑芽剂对烟芽抑制效果的研究[J].湖南农业科学,2013,20(2):33-34.
[15]杨成勋,张旺锋,徐守振,等.喷施化学打顶剂对棉花冠层结构及群体光合生产的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(9):1672-1684.
[16]RAO M V,PALIYATH G,ORMROD D P.Ultraviolet-b-and Ozone-Induced Biochemical Changes in Antioxidant Enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Physiology,1996,110(1):125-136.
[17]IMMOLLER,JENSEN P E,HANSSON A.Oxidative Modifications to Cellular Components in Plants[J].Annu Rev P1ant Bio,2007,58:459-481.
[18]屠小菊,汪启明,饶力群.高温胁迫对植物生理生化的影响[J].湖南农业学报,2013,24(13):28-30.
[19]李冰,刘宏涛,孙大业,等.植物热激反应的信号转导机理[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2002,28(1):1-10.
[20]周祖富,黎兆安.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005,114-123.
[21]高长敏,马光恕,廉华,等.木霉菌对黄瓜幼苗生长和膜脂过氧化指标的影响及对枯萎病的防治效果[J].中国生物防治学报,2018,34(5):762-770.
[22]王香茹,张恒恒,庞念厂,等.新疆棉区棉花化学打顶剂的筛选研究[J].中国棉花,2018,45(3):7-12,31.
[23]王虹,王自强.中高密度栽培下不同打顶时间对棉花产量的影响[J].农村科技,2007,16(9):12.
[24]赵强,张巨松,周春江,等.化学打顶对棉花群体容量的拓展效应[J].棉花学报,2011,23(5):401-407.
[25]姜逢清,杨德刚.新疆棉花产量构成要素分析[J].干旱区研究,2003,20(2):104-109.