海洋酸化对水生动物骨骼和耳石钙化、生长发育的影响与机理
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摘要
<正>自18世纪以来,大气中的pCO2增加了大约36%,大气中1/3以上的CO2为海水吸收,形成了大量的碳酸氢根(HCO-3)离子,使海洋表面的pH下降,形成不断加剧的海洋酸化现象[1],若不能有效控制CO2排放,到21世纪末,海洋表面的pH将下降0.3~0.4个单位,使表层海水pH达到80万年以来的最低值[2],影响海洋的生态环境和海洋生
引文
[1]Sabine C L,Feely R A,Gruber N,et al.The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2[J].Science,2004,305(5682):367-371.
[2]Kump L R,Bralower T J,Ridgwell A.Ocean acidification in deep time[J].Oceanography(Washington D.C.),2009,22(4):94-107.
[3]Zhai W D,Zheng N,Huo C,et al.Subsurface pHand carbonate saturation state of aragonite on the Chinese side of the North Yellow Sea:seasonal variations and controls[J].Biogeosciences,2014,11(4):1103-1123.
[4]Kleypas K A,Buddemeier R W,Archer D,et al.Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs[J].Science,1999,284(5411):118-120.
[5]Hannisdal B,Henderiks J,Liow L H.Long-term evolutionary and ecological responses of calcifying phytoplankton to changes in atmospheric CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(12):3504-3516.
[6]Comeau S,Carpenter R C C,Edmunds P J.Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate[J].Proc R Soc B,2012,280(1753):2012-2374.
[7]Barton A,Hales B,George G,et al.The Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,shows negative correlation to naturally elevated carbon dioxide levels:implications for near-term ocean acidification effects[J].Limnol Oceanogr,2012,57(3):698-710.
[8]Gutowska M A,Prtner H O,Melzner F.Growth and calcification in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis under elevated seawater pCO2[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2008,373:303-309.
[9]丁兆坤,李虹辉,许友卿.海洋酸化对海洋生物呼吸代谢的影响及机制[J].饲料工业,2012,23(20):15-17.
[10]Munday P L,Dixson D L,Donelson J M,et al.Ocean acidification impairs olfactory discrimination and homing ability of a marine fish[J].PNAS,2009,106(6):1848-1852.
[11]Chan K Y K,Grünbaum D,O′Donnell M J.Effects of ocean-acidification-induced morphological changes on larval swimming and feeding[J].The Journal of Experimental Biology,2011,214(4):3857-3867.
[12]Kroeker K J,Kordas R L,Crim R N,et al.Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms[J].Ecol Lett,2010,13(11):419-1434.
[13]赵信国,刘广绪.海洋酸化对海洋无脊椎动物的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,2015,7(7):2388-2398.
[14]刘洪军,张振东,官曙光,等.海洋酸化效应对海水鱼类的综合影响评述[J].生态学报,2012,10(10):3233-3239.
[15]Campbell R N B.Tail deformities in brown trout from acid and acidified lochs in Scotland[G]//Mainland PS,Lyle A A,Cample R N B.Acidification and fish in Scottish lochs.Grange-over-Sands.Institute of Terrestrial Ecology,1987:54-63.
[16]Fraser G A,Harvey H H.Elemental composition of bone from white sucker(Catostomus commersoni)in relation to lake acidification[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1982,39(9):1289-1296.
[17]Steingraeber M T,Gingerich W H.Hatching,growth,ion accumulation,and skeletal ossification of brook trout(Salvelinus fontinalis)alevins in acidic soft waters[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,1991,69(8):2266-2276.
[18]Perry D M,Redman D H,Widman J C,et al.Effect of ocean acidification on growth and otolith condition of juvenile scup,Stenotomus chrysops[J].Ecology&Evolution,2015,5(18):4187-4196.
[19]Ishimatsu A,Hayashi M,Kikkawa T.Fishes in highCO2,acidified oceans[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2008(373):295-302.
[20]Munday P L,Gagliano M,Donelson J M.Ocean acidification does not affect the early life history development of a tropical marine fish[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2011(423):211-221.
[21]James B Y,Cameron N.The bone compartment in a teleost fish,Ictalurus punctatus:size,composition and acid-base response to hypercapnia[J].J Expt Biol,1985(117):307-318.
[22]李世国,刘阳嘉,刘闯,等.合浦珠母贝血细胞分类及其对海洋酸化与暖化的响应[G]//中国海洋湖沼学会:“全球变化下的海洋与湖沼生态安全”学术交流会论文摘要集,南京:中国海洋湖沼学会,2014.
[23]Mu J,Jin F,Wang J,et al.Effects of CO2-driven ocean acidification on early life stages of marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)[J].Biogeosciences Discussions,2015,12(1):1-20.
[24]Frommel A Y,Rommel M,David L,et al.Organ damage in Atlantic herring larvae as a result of ocean acidification[J].Ecological Applications A Publication of the Ecological Society of America,2014,24(5):1131-1143.
[25]Depasquale E,Baumann H,Gobler C.Vulnerability of early life stage Northwest Atlantic forage fish to ocean acidification and low oxygen[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2015(523):145-156.
[26]Witten P E,Huysseune A,Hall B K.A practical approach for the identification of the many cartilaginous tissues in teleost fish[J].J Appl Ichthyology,2011(26):257-262.
[27]Edmunds P J,Brown D,Moriarty V.Interactive effects of ocean acidification and temperature on two scleractinian corals from Moorea,French Polynesia[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(7):2173-2183.
[28]Gil-Martens L,Witten P,Fivelstad S,et al.Impact of high water carbon dioxide levels on Atlantic salmon smolts(Salmo salar L.):effects on fish performance,vertebrae composition and structure[J].Aquaculture,2006,261(1):80-88.
[29]史方,孙军,林小涛,等.唐鱼仔鱼耳石的形态发育及日轮[J].动物学杂志,2006,41(4):10-16.
[30]Payan P,Pontua H D,Boeuf G,et al.Endolymph chemistry and otolith growth in fish[J].C R Palevo,2004(3):535-547.
[31]Tohse H,Mugiya Y.Sources of otolith carbonate:experimental determination of carbon incorporation rates from water and metabolic CO2,and their diel variations[J].Aquat Biol,2008(1):259-268.
[32]Maneja R H.Influence of ocean acidification on otolith calcification and behavior in fish larvae[D].Published PhD dissertation,Kiel:Kiel University,2012.
[33]Munday P L,Hernaman V,Dixson D L,et al.Effect of ocean acidification on otolith development in larvae of a tropical marine fish[J].Biogeosciences,2011(8):1631-1641.
[34]Bignami S,Sponaugle S,Cowen R K.Response to ocean acidification in larvae of a large tropical marine fish,Rachycentron canadum[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(4):996-1006.
[35]Sean B,Enochs I C,Manzello D P,et al.Ocean acidification alters the otoliths of a pantropical fish species with implications for sensory function[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,2013,110(18):7366-7370.
[36]Maneja R H,Frommel A Y,Geffen A J,et al.Effects of ocean acidification on the calcification of otoliths of larval Atlantic cod Gadus morhua[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2013,477(1):251-258.
[37]Clemmesen C,Stiasny M,Sswat M,et al.Ocean acidification and warming afect survival and growth of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)larvae[G]//Aalto E,Aarestrup K,Aas-Hansen,et al.Quebec,Canada:American Fisheries Society 144th Annual Meeting,2014.
[38]Checkley D M Jr,Dickson A G,Takahashi M,et al.Elevated CO2 enhances otolith growth in young fish[J].Science,2009,324(5935):1683.
[39]Hurst T P,Fernandez E R,Mathis J T,et al.Resiliency of juvenile walleye pollock to projected levels of ocean acidification[J].Aquatic Biology,2012,17(3):247-259.
[40]Schade F M,Clemmesen C,Wegner K M.Withinand transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on life history of marine three-spined stickleback(Gasterosteus aculeatus)[J].Marine Biology,2014,161(7):1667-1676.
[41]Bignami S,Su S,Cowen R K.Effects of ocean acidification on the larvae of a high-value pelagic fisheries species,mahi-mahi Coryphaena hippurus[J].Aquatic Biology,2014(21):249-260.
[42]Freeburg W,Eric D.Exploring the link between otolith growth and function along the biological continuum in the context of ocean acidification[D].Boston,USA:University of Massachusetts Boston,2014.
[43]许友卿,张仁珍,丁兆坤.pH对鱼类繁育及生长发育的影响[J].水产科学,2014,33(2):133-136.
[44]Simpson S D,Munday P L,Wittenrich M L,et al.O-cean acidification erodes crucial auditory behaviour in a marine fish[J].Biol Lett,2011(7):917-920.
[45]Munday P L,Dixson D L,Donelson J M,et al.Ocean acidification impairs olfactory discrimination and homing ability of a marine fish(Plectropomus leopardus)[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Stated of America,2009,106(6):1848-1852.
[46]Branch T A,Dejoseph B M.Impacts of ocean acidification on marine seafood[J].Trends in Ecology&E-volution,2013,28(3):178-186.
[47]Hamilton T J,Holcombe A,Tresguerres M.CO2-induced ocean acidification increases anxiety in rockfish via alteration of GABAA receptor functioning[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences,2014,281(1775):536.
[48]Nilsson G E,Dixson D L,Domenici P,et al.Near-future carbon dioxide levels alter fish behaviour by interfering with neurotransmitter function[J].Nature Climate Change,2012(2):201-204.
[49]Mizuno R,Jiri K.Otolith formation in a mutant medaka with a deficiency in gravity-sensing[J].Adv Pace Res,2003,32(8):1513-1520.
[50]Jokiel P L.Ocean acidification and control of reef coral calcification by boundary layer limitation of proton flux[J].Bull Mar Sci,2011,87(3):639-657.
[51]Tohse H,Murayama E,Ohira T,et al.Localization and diurnal variations of carbonic anhydrase mRNAexpression in the inner ear of the rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B,2006(145):257-264.
[52]Moya A,TambuttéS,Bertucci A,et al.Carbonic anhydrase in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2008(283):25475-25484.
[53]Réveillac E,Lacoue-Labarthe T,Oberhnsli F,et al.Ocean acidification reshapes the otolith-body allometry of growth in juvenile sea bream[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology&Ecology,2015(463):87-94.
[54]Saderne V,Wahl M.Effect of ocean acidification on growth,calcification and recruitment of calcifying and non-calcifying epibionts of brown alga[J].Biogeosciences Discuss,2012,9(3):3739-3766.
[55]Catarino A L,Ridder C D,Gonzalez M,et al.Sea urchin Arbacia dufresnei(Blainville 1825)larvae response to ocean acidification[J].Polar Biology,2012,35(3):455-461.
[56]Bednarek N,Tarling G A,Bakker D C E,et al.Description and quantification of pteropod shell dissolution:a sensitive bioindicator of ocean acidification[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(7):2378-2388.
[2]Kump L R,Bralower T J,Ridgwell A.Ocean acidification in deep time[J].Oceanography(Washington D.C.),2009,22(4):94-107.
[3]Zhai W D,Zheng N,Huo C,et al.Subsurface pHand carbonate saturation state of aragonite on the Chinese side of the North Yellow Sea:seasonal variations and controls[J].Biogeosciences,2014,11(4):1103-1123.
[4]Kleypas K A,Buddemeier R W,Archer D,et al.Geochemical consequences of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide on coral reefs[J].Science,1999,284(5411):118-120.
[5]Hannisdal B,Henderiks J,Liow L H.Long-term evolutionary and ecological responses of calcifying phytoplankton to changes in atmospheric CO2[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(12):3504-3516.
[6]Comeau S,Carpenter R C C,Edmunds P J.Coral reef calcifiers buffer their response to ocean acidification using both bicarbonate and carbonate[J].Proc R Soc B,2012,280(1753):2012-2374.
[7]Barton A,Hales B,George G,et al.The Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,shows negative correlation to naturally elevated carbon dioxide levels:implications for near-term ocean acidification effects[J].Limnol Oceanogr,2012,57(3):698-710.
[8]Gutowska M A,Prtner H O,Melzner F.Growth and calcification in the cephalopod Sepia officinalis under elevated seawater pCO2[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2008,373:303-309.
[9]丁兆坤,李虹辉,许友卿.海洋酸化对海洋生物呼吸代谢的影响及机制[J].饲料工业,2012,23(20):15-17.
[10]Munday P L,Dixson D L,Donelson J M,et al.Ocean acidification impairs olfactory discrimination and homing ability of a marine fish[J].PNAS,2009,106(6):1848-1852.
[11]Chan K Y K,Grünbaum D,O′Donnell M J.Effects of ocean-acidification-induced morphological changes on larval swimming and feeding[J].The Journal of Experimental Biology,2011,214(4):3857-3867.
[12]Kroeker K J,Kordas R L,Crim R N,et al.Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms[J].Ecol Lett,2010,13(11):419-1434.
[13]赵信国,刘广绪.海洋酸化对海洋无脊椎动物的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,2015,7(7):2388-2398.
[14]刘洪军,张振东,官曙光,等.海洋酸化效应对海水鱼类的综合影响评述[J].生态学报,2012,10(10):3233-3239.
[15]Campbell R N B.Tail deformities in brown trout from acid and acidified lochs in Scotland[G]//Mainland PS,Lyle A A,Cample R N B.Acidification and fish in Scottish lochs.Grange-over-Sands.Institute of Terrestrial Ecology,1987:54-63.
[16]Fraser G A,Harvey H H.Elemental composition of bone from white sucker(Catostomus commersoni)in relation to lake acidification[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1982,39(9):1289-1296.
[17]Steingraeber M T,Gingerich W H.Hatching,growth,ion accumulation,and skeletal ossification of brook trout(Salvelinus fontinalis)alevins in acidic soft waters[J].Canadian Journal of Zoology,1991,69(8):2266-2276.
[18]Perry D M,Redman D H,Widman J C,et al.Effect of ocean acidification on growth and otolith condition of juvenile scup,Stenotomus chrysops[J].Ecology&Evolution,2015,5(18):4187-4196.
[19]Ishimatsu A,Hayashi M,Kikkawa T.Fishes in highCO2,acidified oceans[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2008(373):295-302.
[20]Munday P L,Gagliano M,Donelson J M.Ocean acidification does not affect the early life history development of a tropical marine fish[J].Mar Ecol Prog Ser,2011(423):211-221.
[21]James B Y,Cameron N.The bone compartment in a teleost fish,Ictalurus punctatus:size,composition and acid-base response to hypercapnia[J].J Expt Biol,1985(117):307-318.
[22]李世国,刘阳嘉,刘闯,等.合浦珠母贝血细胞分类及其对海洋酸化与暖化的响应[G]//中国海洋湖沼学会:“全球变化下的海洋与湖沼生态安全”学术交流会论文摘要集,南京:中国海洋湖沼学会,2014.
[23]Mu J,Jin F,Wang J,et al.Effects of CO2-driven ocean acidification on early life stages of marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)[J].Biogeosciences Discussions,2015,12(1):1-20.
[24]Frommel A Y,Rommel M,David L,et al.Organ damage in Atlantic herring larvae as a result of ocean acidification[J].Ecological Applications A Publication of the Ecological Society of America,2014,24(5):1131-1143.
[25]Depasquale E,Baumann H,Gobler C.Vulnerability of early life stage Northwest Atlantic forage fish to ocean acidification and low oxygen[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2015(523):145-156.
[26]Witten P E,Huysseune A,Hall B K.A practical approach for the identification of the many cartilaginous tissues in teleost fish[J].J Appl Ichthyology,2011(26):257-262.
[27]Edmunds P J,Brown D,Moriarty V.Interactive effects of ocean acidification and temperature on two scleractinian corals from Moorea,French Polynesia[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(7):2173-2183.
[28]Gil-Martens L,Witten P,Fivelstad S,et al.Impact of high water carbon dioxide levels on Atlantic salmon smolts(Salmo salar L.):effects on fish performance,vertebrae composition and structure[J].Aquaculture,2006,261(1):80-88.
[29]史方,孙军,林小涛,等.唐鱼仔鱼耳石的形态发育及日轮[J].动物学杂志,2006,41(4):10-16.
[30]Payan P,Pontua H D,Boeuf G,et al.Endolymph chemistry and otolith growth in fish[J].C R Palevo,2004(3):535-547.
[31]Tohse H,Mugiya Y.Sources of otolith carbonate:experimental determination of carbon incorporation rates from water and metabolic CO2,and their diel variations[J].Aquat Biol,2008(1):259-268.
[32]Maneja R H.Influence of ocean acidification on otolith calcification and behavior in fish larvae[D].Published PhD dissertation,Kiel:Kiel University,2012.
[33]Munday P L,Hernaman V,Dixson D L,et al.Effect of ocean acidification on otolith development in larvae of a tropical marine fish[J].Biogeosciences,2011(8):1631-1641.
[34]Bignami S,Sponaugle S,Cowen R K.Response to ocean acidification in larvae of a large tropical marine fish,Rachycentron canadum[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(4):996-1006.
[35]Sean B,Enochs I C,Manzello D P,et al.Ocean acidification alters the otoliths of a pantropical fish species with implications for sensory function[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,2013,110(18):7366-7370.
[36]Maneja R H,Frommel A Y,Geffen A J,et al.Effects of ocean acidification on the calcification of otoliths of larval Atlantic cod Gadus morhua[J].Marine Ecology Progress,2013,477(1):251-258.
[37]Clemmesen C,Stiasny M,Sswat M,et al.Ocean acidification and warming afect survival and growth of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)larvae[G]//Aalto E,Aarestrup K,Aas-Hansen,et al.Quebec,Canada:American Fisheries Society 144th Annual Meeting,2014.
[38]Checkley D M Jr,Dickson A G,Takahashi M,et al.Elevated CO2 enhances otolith growth in young fish[J].Science,2009,324(5935):1683.
[39]Hurst T P,Fernandez E R,Mathis J T,et al.Resiliency of juvenile walleye pollock to projected levels of ocean acidification[J].Aquatic Biology,2012,17(3):247-259.
[40]Schade F M,Clemmesen C,Wegner K M.Withinand transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on life history of marine three-spined stickleback(Gasterosteus aculeatus)[J].Marine Biology,2014,161(7):1667-1676.
[41]Bignami S,Su S,Cowen R K.Effects of ocean acidification on the larvae of a high-value pelagic fisheries species,mahi-mahi Coryphaena hippurus[J].Aquatic Biology,2014(21):249-260.
[42]Freeburg W,Eric D.Exploring the link between otolith growth and function along the biological continuum in the context of ocean acidification[D].Boston,USA:University of Massachusetts Boston,2014.
[43]许友卿,张仁珍,丁兆坤.pH对鱼类繁育及生长发育的影响[J].水产科学,2014,33(2):133-136.
[44]Simpson S D,Munday P L,Wittenrich M L,et al.O-cean acidification erodes crucial auditory behaviour in a marine fish[J].Biol Lett,2011(7):917-920.
[45]Munday P L,Dixson D L,Donelson J M,et al.Ocean acidification impairs olfactory discrimination and homing ability of a marine fish(Plectropomus leopardus)[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Stated of America,2009,106(6):1848-1852.
[46]Branch T A,Dejoseph B M.Impacts of ocean acidification on marine seafood[J].Trends in Ecology&E-volution,2013,28(3):178-186.
[47]Hamilton T J,Holcombe A,Tresguerres M.CO2-induced ocean acidification increases anxiety in rockfish via alteration of GABAA receptor functioning[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences,2014,281(1775):536.
[48]Nilsson G E,Dixson D L,Domenici P,et al.Near-future carbon dioxide levels alter fish behaviour by interfering with neurotransmitter function[J].Nature Climate Change,2012(2):201-204.
[49]Mizuno R,Jiri K.Otolith formation in a mutant medaka with a deficiency in gravity-sensing[J].Adv Pace Res,2003,32(8):1513-1520.
[50]Jokiel P L.Ocean acidification and control of reef coral calcification by boundary layer limitation of proton flux[J].Bull Mar Sci,2011,87(3):639-657.
[51]Tohse H,Murayama E,Ohira T,et al.Localization and diurnal variations of carbonic anhydrase mRNAexpression in the inner ear of the rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B,2006(145):257-264.
[52]Moya A,TambuttéS,Bertucci A,et al.Carbonic anhydrase in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,2008(283):25475-25484.
[53]Réveillac E,Lacoue-Labarthe T,Oberhnsli F,et al.Ocean acidification reshapes the otolith-body allometry of growth in juvenile sea bream[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology&Ecology,2015(463):87-94.
[54]Saderne V,Wahl M.Effect of ocean acidification on growth,calcification and recruitment of calcifying and non-calcifying epibionts of brown alga[J].Biogeosciences Discuss,2012,9(3):3739-3766.
[55]Catarino A L,Ridder C D,Gonzalez M,et al.Sea urchin Arbacia dufresnei(Blainville 1825)larvae response to ocean acidification[J].Polar Biology,2012,35(3):455-461.
[56]Bednarek N,Tarling G A,Bakker D C E,et al.Description and quantification of pteropod shell dissolution:a sensitive bioindicator of ocean acidification[J].Global Change Biology,2012,18(7):2378-2388.