2007-2016年福建省水稻新品种区域试验趋势分析
|
摘要
对2007-2016年福建省水稻新品种区域试验情况进行了简要分析,结果表明:福建省区域试验主要设置早稻组、中稻组和晚稻组3个类型组别试验,并依据成熟期、品种特性、参试品种数量等分为中熟组、迟熟组、优质组、特种稻组、感光组、A组、B组、C组等,年参试品种数量98~122个;第1年区域试验品种淘汰较高,第2年区域试验进入生产试验的几率较高;参试品种以中、晚稻品种为主,品种组合类型以杂交稻为主;单一高产、优质或抗病水稻参试新品种居多,但同时具备高产、优质、抗病等综合性状的水稻参试新品种数量不多;水稻新品种选育目标由注重高产、优质、抗病性的单项指标,转向注重高产、优质、抗病等综合性状指标;科研单位仍是福建省最主要的育种力量,水稻育种由科研单位独大的局面逐步向科研单位、企业、科企合作模式齐头并进,并进一步向以企业为主的商业化育种转变的趋势;品种参试单位以省内育种单位为主,省外育种单位参试品种数量也在逐年增加。
Regional trials of new rice varieties in Fujian Province from 2007 to 2016 was briefly analyzed.The results showed that the regional trials in Fujian Province mainly included three type groups,i.e.,the early rice group,the middle rice group and the late rice group,and further divided into different groups based on the maturity stage,varieties characteristics and the number of tested varieties,such as medium-maturing group,late-maturing group,highquality group,special rice variety group,photosensitive group,Group A,Group B,Group C,etc.The number of tested varieties was 98-122 per year.The regional trial varieties tested in the first yield were largely eliminated,and most in the second year could enter into production trials.The tested varieties were mainly medium-or late-maturing,and mainly the hybrid rice varieties.The varieties with only one of the following characteristics,high-yield,highquality or disease-resistant were common in the trial,but seldom the varieties with comprehensive characteristics of the above traits.The selection target of new rice varieties changed from one of the excellent properties to the comprehensive performance.Presently,the rice breeding was still carried out mainly in scientific research institutes,but tended to develop in scientific research units,enterprises and the cooperation of the both sides,and would be mainly in the enterprises for commercial breeding in the future.The tested varieties for regional trials were mostly provided by breeding organizations inside Fujian province,but the number of varieties from other provinces was increasing year by year.
Regional trials of new rice varieties in Fujian Province from 2007 to 2016 was briefly analyzed.The results showed that the regional trials in Fujian Province mainly included three type groups,i.e.,the early rice group,the middle rice group and the late rice group,and further divided into different groups based on the maturity stage,varieties characteristics and the number of tested varieties,such as medium-maturing group,late-maturing group,highquality group,special rice variety group,photosensitive group,Group A,Group B,Group C,etc.The number of tested varieties was 98-122 per year.The regional trial varieties tested in the first yield were largely eliminated,and most in the second year could enter into production trials.The tested varieties were mainly medium-or late-maturing,and mainly the hybrid rice varieties.The varieties with only one of the following characteristics,high-yield,highquality or disease-resistant were common in the trial,but seldom the varieties with comprehensive characteristics of the above traits.The selection target of new rice varieties changed from one of the excellent properties to the comprehensive performance.Presently,the rice breeding was still carried out mainly in scientific research institutes,but tended to develop in scientific research units,enterprises and the cooperation of the both sides,and would be mainly in the enterprises for commercial breeding in the future.The tested varieties for regional trials were mostly provided by breeding organizations inside Fujian province,but the number of varieties from other provinces was increasing year by year.
引文
[1]邱军.国家农作物品种区域试验站建设思考[J].中国种业,2014(4):7-9.
[2]傅岳峰,陈慕文,戴肇,等.浅析农作物品种审定区域试验[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2016,13(21):4-7.
[3]仕红昆.水稻新品种省区域试验[J].云南农业,2017(3):51-53.
[4]赵胜利,魏芳勤,张秀英,等.现阶段水稻新品种区域试验工作中存在的问题及建议[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(24):69-70.
[5]李齐向.2006-2015年福建省三明市水稻品种推广趋势分析[J].中国种业,2016(10):31-34.
[6]福建省统计局,国家统计局福建调查总队.福建统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[7]陈大洲,江莉,刘红安.江西水稻育种现状及其发展方向[J].江西农业学报,2006,18(4):14-17.
[8]邱东峰,刘春萍,张再君,等.湖北省中稻区域试验对育种实践的启示[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(13):2601-2605.
[9]杨长桃,邱秀丽,陈由禹.闽西北杂交水稻组合种植演变分析[J].福建稻麦科技,2005(4):1-3.
[10]严斧.从国家品种区域试验和审定结果看我国水稻育种格局的变化与发展[J].作物研究,2012,26(2):176-179.
[2]傅岳峰,陈慕文,戴肇,等.浅析农作物品种审定区域试验[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2016,13(21):4-7.
[3]仕红昆.水稻新品种省区域试验[J].云南农业,2017(3):51-53.
[4]赵胜利,魏芳勤,张秀英,等.现阶段水稻新品种区域试验工作中存在的问题及建议[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(24):69-70.
[5]李齐向.2006-2015年福建省三明市水稻品种推广趋势分析[J].中国种业,2016(10):31-34.
[6]福建省统计局,国家统计局福建调查总队.福建统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[7]陈大洲,江莉,刘红安.江西水稻育种现状及其发展方向[J].江西农业学报,2006,18(4):14-17.
[8]邱东峰,刘春萍,张再君,等.湖北省中稻区域试验对育种实践的启示[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(13):2601-2605.
[9]杨长桃,邱秀丽,陈由禹.闽西北杂交水稻组合种植演变分析[J].福建稻麦科技,2005(4):1-3.
[10]严斧.从国家品种区域试验和审定结果看我国水稻育种格局的变化与发展[J].作物研究,2012,26(2):176-179.