超临界二氧化碳射流计算模型的建立与射流特性分析
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摘要
超临界二氧化碳射流是开发天然气水合物、页岩气等非常规能源的一项新兴技术,射流计算和特性分析是该技术的理论基础。基于一维可压缩流动理论,考虑二氧化碳气体的真实性质,建立了超临界二氧化碳射流计算模型,并分析了工况参数对超临界二氧化碳射流特性的影响。研究结果表明,本文建立的超临界二氧化碳射流计算模型具有较高的计算精度,可适用于现场工艺参数优化和方案设计;提高喷嘴压降可以增加射流速度,但是对射流马赫数的影响不明显;随着入口温度的增加,射流速度和射流马赫数均有所增长;围压的升高抑制了射流速度的增加,且极大降低了射流马赫数;提高喷嘴压降和围压都使射流的性质向高密度不可压缩流体转化,而入口温度的增加使射流性质更趋向于低密度可压缩流体。本文研究成果可为超临界二氧化碳射流技术的现场应用和方案设计提供理论支撑。
The supercritical carbon dioxide jetting is an emerging technology applied in the field of the development of unconventional resources like natural gas hydrate and shale gas,theoretically based on jetting calculation and characteristic analysis.On the basis of one-dimensional compressible flow theory,a calculation model for supercritical carbon oxide jetting was built with consideration of the nature of carbon oxide,and the effects of working parameters on the jetting characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide were analyzed.The research results indicate that the calculation model for supercritical carbon dioxide jetting is of a relatively high calculation precision and applicable to in-site optimization of technical parameters and project design;if the pressure drop at the nozzle is enlarged,the jet velocity can increase correspondingly,but no obvious effects are made on the Mach number;with the inlet temperature rising,both of the jet velocity and Mach number can have certain increases;the escalation of confining pressure inhibits the increase of jet velocity and much reduces the Mach number;the growing pressure drop at the nozzle and confining pressure can convert the fluid into high-density incompressible fluid,while the rising inlet temperature leads to low-density compressible fluid.The research results in the paper can provide theoretical support for the field application and plan design of supercritical carbon dioxide jetting technology.
The supercritical carbon dioxide jetting is an emerging technology applied in the field of the development of unconventional resources like natural gas hydrate and shale gas,theoretically based on jetting calculation and characteristic analysis.On the basis of one-dimensional compressible flow theory,a calculation model for supercritical carbon oxide jetting was built with consideration of the nature of carbon oxide,and the effects of working parameters on the jetting characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide were analyzed.The research results indicate that the calculation model for supercritical carbon dioxide jetting is of a relatively high calculation precision and applicable to in-site optimization of technical parameters and project design;if the pressure drop at the nozzle is enlarged,the jet velocity can increase correspondingly,but no obvious effects are made on the Mach number;with the inlet temperature rising,both of the jet velocity and Mach number can have certain increases;the escalation of confining pressure inhibits the increase of jet velocity and much reduces the Mach number;the growing pressure drop at the nozzle and confining pressure can convert the fluid into high-density incompressible fluid,while the rising inlet temperature leads to low-density compressible fluid.The research results in the paper can provide theoretical support for the field application and plan design of supercritical carbon dioxide jetting technology.
引文
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[2]周守为,陈伟,李清平.深水浅层天然气水合物固态流化绿色开采技术[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):1-7.ZHOU Shouwei,CHEN Wei,LI Qingping.The green solid fluiduzation development principle of natural gas hydrate stored in shallow layers of deep water[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(5):1-7.
[3]周守为,李清平,陈伟,等.天然气水合物开采三维实验模拟技术研究[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):1-9.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.001.ZHOU Shouwei,LI Qingping,CHEN Wei,et al.Research on3D experiment technology of natural gas hydrate exploitation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):1-9.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.001.
[4]周守为,陈伟,李清平,等.深水浅层非成岩天然气水合物固态流化试采技术研究及进展[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):1-8.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.001.ZHOU Shouwei,CHEN Wei,LI Qingping,et al.Research on the solid fluidization well testing and production for shallow non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate in deep water area[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):1-8.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.001.
[5]李根生,王海柱,沈忠厚,等.超临界CO2射流在石油工程中应用研究与前景展望[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):76-80,87.LI Gensheng,WANG Haizhu,SHEN Zhonghou,et al.Application investigations and prospects of supercritical Carbon dioxide jet in petroleum engineering[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(5):76-80,87.
[6]李菊,刘妮,轩小波,等.二氧化碳水合物生成过程的强化方法研究进展[J].环境保护科学,2010,36(3):14-18.LI Ju,LIU Ni,XUAN Xiaobo,et al.Advance on methods for promoting Carbon dioxide hydrate formation[J].Environmental Protection Science,2010,36(3):14-18.
[7]KOLLE J J.Coiled-tubing drilling with supercritical carbon dioxide[R].SPE65534,2000.
[8]杜玉昆,王瑞和,倪红坚,等.超临界二氧化碳射流破岩试验[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(4):93-96.DU Yukun,WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian,et al.Rock-breaking experiment with supercritical Carbon dioxide jet[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(4):93-96.
[9]黄飞,卢义玉,汤积仁,等.超临界二氧化碳射流冲蚀页岩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(4):787-794.HUANG Fei,LU Yiyu,TANG Jiren,et al.Research on erosion of shale impacted by supercritical Carbon dioxide jet[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(4):787-794.
[10]程宇雄,李根生,王海柱,等.超临界CO2连续油管喷射压裂可行性分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(6):73-77.CHENG Yuxiong,LI Gensheng,WANG Haizhu,et al.Feasibility analysis on coiled-tubing jet fracturing with supercritical CO2[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(6):73-77.
[11]程宇雄,李根生,王海柱,等.超临界二氧化碳喷射压裂孔内流场特性[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(4):81-86.CHENG Yuxiong,LI Gensheng,WANG Haizhu,et al.Flow field character in cavity during supercritical Carbon dioxide jet fracturing[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2014,38(4):81-86.
[12]杜玉昆,王瑞和,陈晓红,等.一种超临界二氧化碳射流喷射钻井开采水合物装置及方法:201510044567.3[P].2015-01-29.
[13]WANG Ruihe,HUO Hongjun,HUANG Zhiyuan,et al.Experimental and numerical simulations of Bottom hole temperature and pressure distributions of supercritical CO2jet for well-drilling[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2014,26(2):226-233.
[14]TIAN S C,HE Z G,LI G S,et al.Influences of ambient pressure and nozzle-to-target distance on SC-CO2jet impingement and perforation[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2016,29:232-242.
[15]WANG Haizhu,LI Gensheng,TIAN Shouceng,et al.Flow field simulation of supercritical carbon dioxide jet:comparison and sensitivity analysis[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2015,27(2):210-215.
[16]陈鸿雁,蔡建国,邓修,等.超临界溶液快速膨胀过程中喷嘴的流动模型[J].高校化学工程学报,2000,14(3):218-223.CHEN Hongyan,CAI Jianguo,DENG Xiu,et al.A nozzle flow model of rapid expansion of supercritical solutions process[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2000,14(3):218-223.
[17]童秉纲,孔祥言,邓国华.气体动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012:58.
[18]WANG Zhiyuan,SUN Baojiang,WANG Jintang,et al.Experimental study on the friction coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide in pipes[J].International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2014,25:151-161.
[19]VESOVIC A,WAKEHAM W A.The transport properties of carbon dioxide[J].J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data,1990,19(3):763-808.
[20]SPAN R,WAGNER W.A new equation of state for CO2covering the fluid region from the triple-point temperature to1100 K at pressure up to 800 MPa[J].J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data,1996,25(6):1509-1596.