近15年来环洞庭湖区土地利用变化及其景观效应
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摘要
基于1996-2011年landsat TM遥感影像以及土地利用动态变化和景观指数模型对湖区近15 a来土地利用特征和景观效应进行了动态变化和驱动因素分析,结果表明:1996-2011年期间,湖区利用结构发生了显著变化,建设用地过快增长,耕地、林地向建设用地的转移程度较大,建设用地增加程度达78%,耕地的增幅仅6.2%,但耕地面积变化总量大,达36 km2;湖区建设用地、耕地、林地景观破碎化程度均降低,而水体破碎化增加,湖区总体上的蔓延度、分维度增加,反映出近年来湖区城市建设与农业发展较为活跃,但景观多样性有所降低,且有集中连片趋势;快速城市化和GDP增长是湖区景观变化的主要驱动因素,重视中心城市的合理规划和湖区湿地保护有助于提升湖区土地生态环境。
Land use dynamic change characteristics and driving factors of landscape effects was analyzed, using landsat TM remote data of 1996-2011 by land use dynamic model and landscape index model, The result showed that significant changes in land use structure, 1) The construction land in the lake area was growing too fast, and the land use structure had changed significantly. During the 15 years, the construction land increased by more than 78.7%. Cultivated land and forest land to construction land transfer is larger.The farmland compared to the contrast land was smaller, only 6.2%, but farmland total area was larger, reaching 36 km~2; 2) The degree of fragmentation of the construction land and farmland landscape was decreased, but the agricultural land increased. On the whole, landscape diversity, degree of spread and fractal dimension were reduced, which reflected that the urban construction and agricultural development in the lake area were more active in recent years, but the ecological stability was reduced. 3)T he rapid growth of GDP and urbanization is the main driving factors. Attaches great importance to the layout of central city, the planning of agricultural industry and forest protection could increase the landscape environment so that promote the development of ecological economy in the lake area.
Land use dynamic change characteristics and driving factors of landscape effects was analyzed, using landsat TM remote data of 1996-2011 by land use dynamic model and landscape index model, The result showed that significant changes in land use structure, 1) The construction land in the lake area was growing too fast, and the land use structure had changed significantly. During the 15 years, the construction land increased by more than 78.7%. Cultivated land and forest land to construction land transfer is larger.The farmland compared to the contrast land was smaller, only 6.2%, but farmland total area was larger, reaching 36 km~2; 2) The degree of fragmentation of the construction land and farmland landscape was decreased, but the agricultural land increased. On the whole, landscape diversity, degree of spread and fractal dimension were reduced, which reflected that the urban construction and agricultural development in the lake area were more active in recent years, but the ecological stability was reduced. 3)T he rapid growth of GDP and urbanization is the main driving factors. Attaches great importance to the layout of central city, the planning of agricultural industry and forest protection could increase the landscape environment so that promote the development of ecological economy in the lake area.
引文
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[16]李毅.长株潭核心区土地利用变化及其生态环境效应研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[17]张素珍,华北平原典型区生态农业规划与设计研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(4):134-137.
[18]胡文敏.环洞庭湖区土地利用变化及其生态环境效应[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014.
[2]倪绍祥.土地利用/覆被变化研究的几个问题[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(6):932-937.
[3]李毅,杨仁斌,伍格致,等.长株潭核心区植被覆盖度动态监测与分析[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(2):265-270.
[4]杨叶涛,龚建雅,周启鸣,等.土地利用景观格局对城市扩张影响研究[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(12):320-329.
[5]杨晓艳,闫东浩,程锋.耕地整理的景观效应分析[J],自然资源学报,2005,20(4):572-581.
[6]徐丽华,王欢欢,张结存,等.近15年来杭州市土地利用结构的时空演变[J].经济地理,2014,34(7):135-142.
[7]贺肖芳,陈燕,朱敏,等.盐城海岸带植被覆盖度时空变化及其与土地利用变迁响应研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(2):101-105.
[8]赵文武,傅伯杰,吕一河,等.多尺度土地利用与土壤侵蚀[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(1):24-33.
[9]何芳,张磊.开发区土地集约利用评价指标理想值的确定——以上海市19个开发区为例[J].城市问题,2013,262(4):16-21.
[10]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,2003,18(1):81-87.
[11]史培军,陈晋,潘耀忠.深圳市土地利用变化机制分析[J].地理学报,2000,55(2):151-160.
[12]李秀珍,布仁仓,常禹.景观格局指标对不同景观格局的反应[J].生态学报,2004,24(1):123-134.
[13]郭旭东,谢俊奇.中国土地生态学的基本问题、研究进展与发展建议[J].中国土地科学,2008,22(1):5-9.
[14]傅伯杰,黄土区农业景观空间格局分析[J].生态学报,1995,15(2):113-120.
[15]李毅,杨仁斌,毕军平,等.长株潭地区生态资产变化格局分析[J].经济地理,2015,35(2):184-188.
[16]李毅.长株潭核心区土地利用变化及其生态环境效应研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[17]张素珍,华北平原典型区生态农业规划与设计研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(4):134-137.
[18]胡文敏.环洞庭湖区土地利用变化及其生态环境效应[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014.