地质水样品总α总β放射性检测技术探讨
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摘要
水中总α放射性检测有厚样法、比较测量法、标准曲线法等检测方法。总β放射性有薄样法、活性炭吸附法等检测方法。本文按照地质矿产行业标准,结合生活饮用水和矿泉水检测标准,使用厚样法测量总α放射性,使用薄样法测量总β放射性。通过对有效厚度和最大取样量的确定,得到最佳的残渣取样量为160 mg。使用BH1216Ⅲ型二路低本底αβ测量仪,同时测量地质水样品中总α总β放射性。用实际样品进行检测,相对偏差不高于20%,样品检测重复性良好。
Thick-sample method, comparison method and standard curve method can be used to detect total α radioactivity in water. Thin-sample method and activated carbon adsorption method can be used to detect total β radioactivity in water. Following geological occupation standard, drinking detection standard and mineral water detection standard, this research use thick-sample method to detect total α radioactivity and use thin-sample method to detect total β radioactivity. By confirming effective thickness and maximal sample quantity, the best sample quantity, which is 160 mg, can be achieved. Use BH1216Ⅲ Low background α and β measuring instrument to detect total α and total β at the same time, which can increase the detecting efficiency. Testing with actual sample, the relative deviation is lower than 20 %. The repeatability of sample detection is good.
Thick-sample method, comparison method and standard curve method can be used to detect total α radioactivity in water. Thin-sample method and activated carbon adsorption method can be used to detect total β radioactivity in water. Following geological occupation standard, drinking detection standard and mineral water detection standard, this research use thick-sample method to detect total α radioactivity and use thin-sample method to detect total β radioactivity. By confirming effective thickness and maximal sample quantity, the best sample quantity, which is 160 mg, can be achieved. Use BH1216Ⅲ Low background α and β measuring instrument to detect total α and total β at the same time, which can increase the detecting efficiency. Testing with actual sample, the relative deviation is lower than 20 %. The repeatability of sample detection is good.
引文
[1]欧阳琛,潘肿韬.BH1216Ⅲ型二路低本底αβ测量仪[J].核电子与探测技术,2003,23(4):337-342.
[2]中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准.地下水质检验方法.DZ/T0064.76-93.北京:中华人民共和国地质矿产部,1993.
[3]中华人民共和国国家标准.生活饮用水标准检验方法. GB/T5750.13-2006.北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[4]中华人民共和国国家标准.饮用天然矿泉水检验方法. GB 8538-2016.北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[2]中华人民共和国地质矿产行业标准.地下水质检验方法.DZ/T0064.76-93.北京:中华人民共和国地质矿产部,1993.
[3]中华人民共和国国家标准.生活饮用水标准检验方法. GB/T5750.13-2006.北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[4]中华人民共和国国家标准.饮用天然矿泉水检验方法. GB 8538-2016.北京:中国标准出版社,2016.