锂离子电池放电过程瞬态生热特性分析
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摘要
为探索纯电动汽车用锂离子电池在放电过程中的瞬态热特性,通过试验测试得到不同温度下的内阻和不同放电倍率下的温升曲线,计算出不同放电倍率下的瞬时生热率;根据0.5C放电倍率下的瞬时生热率和内阻生热率,求出熵热(可逆反应热)系数变化曲线,分析锂离子电池熵热特性对瞬态生热特性的影响。分析结果表明:锂离子电池的瞬态热特性主要受电池内阻热和熵热(可逆反应热)的瞬态特性影响;熵热是影响电池放电过程中温度波动的主要因素,在放电中期会出现由相变反应引起的吸热现象;在小倍率放电过程中,熵热对电池温度场的影响大于内阻热,而在大倍率中则相反。通过分析,可以为电池瞬态生热模型的建立与完善提供依据。
To explore the transient thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries used in pure electric vehicles during discharge, the internal resistance at different temperatures and the temperature rise curves at different discharge rates were obtained through tests, and the transient heat generation rates were calculated at different discharge rates. According to the transient heat generation rate and the heat generation rate of internal resistance under the discharge rate of 0.5 C, the curve of entropy heat(i.e., heat generated in the reversible reaction) coefficient was calculated, and the effect of entropy heat characteristics of the lithium-ion battery on the transient heat generation characteristics was analyzed. Results show that the transient thermal characteristics of the lithium-ion battery were mainly influenced by the transient characteristics of internal resistance and entropy heat; entropy heat was the main factor influencing the temperature fluctuation during discharge, and the heat absorption phenomenon caused by the phase change reaction would appear in the middle of the discharge process. At a small discharge rate, entropy heat had more influences on the temperature field of the battery than the internal resistance heat; however, at a large discharge rate, the relation was reversed.The analyses in this paper can provide reference for the establishment and improvement of the transient heat generation model of batteries.
To explore the transient thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries used in pure electric vehicles during discharge, the internal resistance at different temperatures and the temperature rise curves at different discharge rates were obtained through tests, and the transient heat generation rates were calculated at different discharge rates. According to the transient heat generation rate and the heat generation rate of internal resistance under the discharge rate of 0.5 C, the curve of entropy heat(i.e., heat generated in the reversible reaction) coefficient was calculated, and the effect of entropy heat characteristics of the lithium-ion battery on the transient heat generation characteristics was analyzed. Results show that the transient thermal characteristics of the lithium-ion battery were mainly influenced by the transient characteristics of internal resistance and entropy heat; entropy heat was the main factor influencing the temperature fluctuation during discharge, and the heat absorption phenomenon caused by the phase change reaction would appear in the middle of the discharge process. At a small discharge rate, entropy heat had more influences on the temperature field of the battery than the internal resistance heat; however, at a large discharge rate, the relation was reversed.The analyses in this paper can provide reference for the establishment and improvement of the transient heat generation model of batteries.
引文
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[10]刘霏霏,兰凤崇,陈吉清.基于动态内热源特性的车用锂离子动力电池温度场仿真及试验[J].机械工程学报, 2016,52(8):141-151.Liu Feifei, Lan Fengchong, Chen Jiqing.Simulation and experiment on temperature field of lithium-ion powerbattery for vehicle based on characteristic of dynamic heat source[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(8):141-151(in Chinese).
[11] Chen S C, Wan C C, Wang Y Y. Thermal analysis of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 140(1):111-124.
[12] Onda K, Ohshima T, Nakayama M, et al. Thermal behavior of small lithium-ion battery during rapid charge and discharge cycles[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 158(1):535-542.
[13] Yazdanpour M, Taheri P, Mansouri A, et al. A distributed analytical electro-thermal model for pouch-type lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(14):A1953-A1963.
[14] Yazdanpour M, Taheri P, Mansouri A, et al. A circuitbased approach for electro-thermal modeling of lithium-ion batteries[C]. 2016 32rd Thermal Measurement, Modeling&Management Symposium(SEMI-THERM). San Jose, CA, USA, 2016:113-127.
[2]雷治国,张承宁,李军求.电动车辆用锂离子电池热特性研究[J].电源学报, 2014, 12(4):83-87, 92.Lei Zhiguo, Zhang Chengning, Li Junqiu.Research on thermal characteristics of EVs lithium-ion battery[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2014, 12(4):83-87, 92(in Chinese).
[3] Bernardi D, Pawlikowski E, Newman J. A generalenergy balance for battery systems[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1985, 132(1):5-12.
[4] Kim U S, Shin C B, Kim C S. Effect of electrode configuration on the thermal behavior of a lithium-polymer battery[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2008, 180:909-916.
[5] Kim U S, Yi J, Shin C B, et al. Modelling the thermal behaviour of a lithium-ion battery during charge[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 196:5115-5121.
[6] Bandhauer T M, Garimella S, Fuller T F. A critical review of thermal issues in lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158(3):R1-R5.
[7]任保福,贾力,张竹茜,等.大容量锂离子动力电池热特性的试验研究[J].工程热物理学报, 2013, 34(11):2120-2123.Ren Baofu, Jia Li, Zhang Zhuqian, et al. The experimental study on thermal characteristics of the discharge process in high capacity li-ion power batteries[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2013, 34(11):2120-2123(in Chinese).
[8]吴彬.锂离子动力电池热设计方法研究[D].北京:清华大学, 2015.Wu Bin. Thermal design methodology for traction lithiumion batteries[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2015(in Chinese).
[9]云凤玲,卢世刚.基于高镍三元材料锂离子动力电池在循环前后的热特性分析[J].稀有金属, 2014, 38(6):283-292.Yun Fengling, Lu Shigang.Thermal characteristic analysis of lithium ion power battery based on high nickel ternary material before and after cycle[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2014, 38(6):283-292(in Chinese).
[10]刘霏霏,兰凤崇,陈吉清.基于动态内热源特性的车用锂离子动力电池温度场仿真及试验[J].机械工程学报, 2016,52(8):141-151.Liu Feifei, Lan Fengchong, Chen Jiqing.Simulation and experiment on temperature field of lithium-ion powerbattery for vehicle based on characteristic of dynamic heat source[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(8):141-151(in Chinese).
[11] Chen S C, Wan C C, Wang Y Y. Thermal analysis of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 140(1):111-124.
[12] Onda K, Ohshima T, Nakayama M, et al. Thermal behavior of small lithium-ion battery during rapid charge and discharge cycles[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 158(1):535-542.
[13] Yazdanpour M, Taheri P, Mansouri A, et al. A distributed analytical electro-thermal model for pouch-type lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(14):A1953-A1963.
[14] Yazdanpour M, Taheri P, Mansouri A, et al. A circuitbased approach for electro-thermal modeling of lithium-ion batteries[C]. 2016 32rd Thermal Measurement, Modeling&Management Symposium(SEMI-THERM). San Jose, CA, USA, 2016:113-127.