酸枣仁汤研究进展
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摘要
通过对20世纪80年代以来的30多年的文献进行分析总结,简述了酸枣仁汤的物质基础及成分分析方法、工艺及剂型研究、临床应用、药理作用。分析表明,酸枣仁汤在治疗失眠、焦虑、抑郁、神经官能症等方面较为明显;药理学方面,酸枣仁汤通过提升受试动物脑内单胺类神经递质,抑制一氧化氮合酶降低一氧化氮含量,改善脑中神经组织细胞的损伤程度来抗抑郁、抗失眠、提升学习记忆能力;工艺学研究主要体现在提取工艺的研究,而新剂型的研究则主要体现在配方颗粒的研究。但酸枣仁汤的药学研究目前还停留在较为初级的研究阶段。从中药新药研发的角度来看,需要进行更为深入的研究。
By analyzing and summarizing the literature for more than 30 years since 1980,the article describes chemical composition and material basis of Ziziphi Spinosae decoction,dosage form preparation technology,pharmacological effects and clinical application respectively.The results showed that,the famous decoction had a wide application and definite curative effect,and it was very effective in the treatment of insomnia,anxiety,depression and neurosis.Pharmacological research references showed that this classic decoction had the ability of improvement of the monoamine neurotransmitter,depression of the nitric oxide synthase and deduction of the content of carbon monoxide,then the damage degree of the nerve tissue cells in the brain would be decreased significantly.Processing research main reflected in extraction process of research,and new formulations of research was main reflected in formula particles of research.Pharmaceutical study of Ziziphi Spinosae decoction was currently still in the relatively early stages of research.From the research and development of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine point of view,it needs to have a further study.
By analyzing and summarizing the literature for more than 30 years since 1980,the article describes chemical composition and material basis of Ziziphi Spinosae decoction,dosage form preparation technology,pharmacological effects and clinical application respectively.The results showed that,the famous decoction had a wide application and definite curative effect,and it was very effective in the treatment of insomnia,anxiety,depression and neurosis.Pharmacological research references showed that this classic decoction had the ability of improvement of the monoamine neurotransmitter,depression of the nitric oxide synthase and deduction of the content of carbon monoxide,then the damage degree of the nerve tissue cells in the brain would be decreased significantly.Processing research main reflected in extraction process of research,and new formulations of research was main reflected in formula particles of research.Pharmaceutical study of Ziziphi Spinosae decoction was currently still in the relatively early stages of research.From the research and development of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine point of view,it needs to have a further study.
引文
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[6]王守勇,谢鸣,王欣.酸枣仁汤组分配方对高架十字迷宫大鼠行为学的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2010,3(28):633-644.DOI:10.13862/j.cnki.en43-1446/r.2009.11.037.
[7]XIE J,ZHANG Y,WANG L.Compositionoffattyoilsfrom semen ziziphi spinosae and its cardiotonic effect on isolated toad heats[J].Nat Prod Res,2012,5(26):479-483.DOI:10.1080/14786419.2010.516433.
[8]张军武,赵琦,尉亚辉.酸枣仁汤的药理学及化学成分研究进展[J].河南中医,2012,10(32):1375-1377.DOI:10.16367/j.issn.1003-5028.2012.10.070.
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[10]王建忠,陈小兵,叶利明.酸枣仁化学成分研究[J].中草药,2009,10(40):1534-1535.
[11]芮雯,吴妍,吉星,等.知母降糖有效部位的提取工艺优选及成分分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,22(19):5-8.DOI:10.1 1653/syfj2013220004.
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[15]陈婧,刘军峰,昝俊峰,等.GC-MS法对中药复方酸枣仁汤及其主要单味药超临界流体萃取物的成分分析[J].药物分析杂志,2007,27(1):16-20.DOI:10.16155/j.0254-1793.2007.01.007.
[16]朱云祥,陈璐琳,龚婧如,等.LC-Q-TOF-MS及LC-IT-MS分析酸枣仁汤的化学成分[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(3):457-465.DOI:10.4268/cjcmm20140319.
[17]杨波,张爱华,董巍,等.酸枣仁汤的血清药物化学及不同配伍变化对血中移行成分的影响研究[J].中医药信息,2013,4(30):44-47.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2406.2013.04.019.
[18]孙志翠,裴强伟,王欣,等.酸枣仁汤及其各单味药HPLC指纹图谱研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2013,5(40):988-989.
[19]刘宇,娄燕,张耀文,等.柱前衍生HPLC分析酸枣仁汤中多糖的单糖组成[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,17(19):121-126.DOI:10.11653/syfj2013170121.
[20]王莹,张维西,孙洪生.略论李时珍《本草纲目》对不寐病证认识的贡献[J].时珍国医国药,2012,23(7):1764-1766.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0805.2012.07.079.
[21]赵惠茹,任早,刘春叶.Box-Behnken设计一效应面法优化酸枣仁皂苷的大孔树脂纯化工艺[J].中药材,2015,4(38):831-834.DOI:10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2015.04.045.
[22]王筱亮,张玉杰,陈明霞,等.多指标正交试验优选酸枣仁最佳提取工艺[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(10):753-754.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-5302.2005.10.010.
[23]夏苗芬,史志超.酸枣仁颗粒中酸枣仁醇提工艺条件的优选[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010,6(17):58-59.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2010.06.025.
[24]李玉娟,代月函,王瑞,等.酸枣仁汤提取工艺优化研究[J].中国药学杂志,2007,3(42):175-177.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-2494.2007.03.004.
[25]李会军,刘双跃,李萍.正交试验法优化酸枣仁汤制备工艺[J].时珍国医国药,2001,7(12):600-601.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.l008-0805.2001.07.016.
[26]徐振球,陈哲妮.酸枣仁配方颗粒的质量控制研究[J].中国现代中药,2013,7(15):597-599.DOI:10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890.2013.07.022.
[27]高声传,郭涛,夏维杰,等.复方酸枣仁汤颗粒的制备与质量控制[J].中国药师,2005,3(8):203-204.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-049X.2005.03.010.
[28]封倩,冯来会,杨新年.加味酸枣仁汤对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠脑组织单胺类神经递质NE、DA及5-HT影响的实验研究[J].中医学报,2012,5(27),581-582.DOI:10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2012.05.046.
[29]张斌,张晓双,白黎明.酸枣仁汤对睡眠剥夺大鼠认知功能和胆碱能系统的影响[J].西北药学杂志,2015,5(30):589-591.DOI:69/j.issn.1004-2407.2015.05.012.
[30]白黎明,白扇扇,崔小虎,等.酸枣仁汤对睡眠剥夺后大鼠海马NO和NOS的影响[J].江西中医药,2015,10(46):44-46.
[31]ZHANG Y,QIAO L,SONG M,et al.Hplc-ESI-MS/MSanalysisofthewater-solubleextract from Ziziphi spinosae semen and its ameliorating effect of learning and memory performance in mice[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,40(10):509-516.DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.141777.
[32]王慧,罗坤,武静.酸枣仁汤对失眠大鼠中脑中缝背核神经胶质细胞的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,21(18):235-239.DOI:10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.2012.21.087.
[33]晋玉梅,陈悦.加减酸枣仁汤治疗冠心病失眠[C].中国中西医结合学会心血管病学术大会暨江西省中西医结合学会心血管病学术大会,2010.
[34]李萍,唐远山.加味酸枣仁汤治疗肝血亏虚证失眠50例[J].陕西中医,2014,35(12):1616-1617.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7369.2014.12.022.
[35]ZHOU X Z,SHAH J.Patterns of herbal combination for the treatment of insomnia commonly employed by highly experienced Chinese medicine physicians[J].Chin J Integr Med,2011,17(09):655-62.DOI:10.1007.s11655-011-0841-9.
[36]吴立明,张须学,程晓卫.加味酸枣仁汤联合阿普唑仑治疗慢性重度失眠症260例[J].时珍国医国药,2008,1(19):202-203.DOI:10.3969/j/issn.1008-0805.2008.01.116.
[37]刘海凤,谷丛欣,范彦蓉,等.酸枣仁汤加减联合黛力新治疗广泛性焦虑症[J].长春中医药大学学报,2014,30(5):895-896.DOI:10.13463/j.cnki.cczyy.2014.05.052.
[38]朱晶萍.酸枣仁汤加减治疗产后抑郁症疗效观察[J].新中医,2014,46(7):105-106.DOI:10.13457j.cnki.incm.2014.07.049.
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[2]崔海燕.小议酸枣仁汤[J].健康生活,2016(8):30.
[3]林文泉,陈学习.酸枣仁汤研究概况与思考[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,8(25):1716-1718.DOI:10.13193/j.archtcm.2007.08.181.linwq.080.
[4]ZHANG FX,LI M,QIAO L R,et al.Rapid characterization of Ziziphus Spinosae Semen by UPLC/Q of MS with novel informatics platform and its application in eveluation of two seeds from Ziziphus species[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2016,122:59-80.DOI:10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.047.
[5]李玉娟,王瑞,陈曼,等.不同提取工艺酸枣仁汤的药效学研究[J].中药材,2001,12(24):884-885.DOI:10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2001.12.018
[6]王守勇,谢鸣,王欣.酸枣仁汤组分配方对高架十字迷宫大鼠行为学的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2010,3(28):633-644.DOI:10.13862/j.cnki.en43-1446/r.2009.11.037.
[7]XIE J,ZHANG Y,WANG L.Compositionoffattyoilsfrom semen ziziphi spinosae and its cardiotonic effect on isolated toad heats[J].Nat Prod Res,2012,5(26):479-483.DOI:10.1080/14786419.2010.516433.
[8]张军武,赵琦,尉亚辉.酸枣仁汤的药理学及化学成分研究进展[J].河南中医,2012,10(32):1375-1377.DOI:10.16367/j.issn.1003-5028.2012.10.070.
[9]曾路,张如意,王序.酸枣仁化学成分研究[J].药学学报.1987,22(2):114-115.DOI:10.16438/j.0513-4870.1987.02.007.
[10]王建忠,陈小兵,叶利明.酸枣仁化学成分研究[J].中草药,2009,10(40):1534-1535.
[11]芮雯,吴妍,吉星,等.知母降糖有效部位的提取工艺优选及成分分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,22(19):5-8.DOI:10.1 1653/syfj2013220004.
[12]孟志云,李文,徐绥绪,等.知母的皂苷成分[J].药学学报,1999,34(6):451-453.DOI:10.16438/j.0513-4870.1999.06.012.
[13]徐硕,姜文清,邝咏梅,等.茯苓的化学成分及生物活性研究进展[J].西北药学杂志,2016,3(31):327-330.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2407.2016.03.032.
[14]游昕,熊大国,郭志斌,等.茯苓多种化学成分及药理作用的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(2):106-109.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0517-661 1.2015.02.
[15]陈婧,刘军峰,昝俊峰,等.GC-MS法对中药复方酸枣仁汤及其主要单味药超临界流体萃取物的成分分析[J].药物分析杂志,2007,27(1):16-20.DOI:10.16155/j.0254-1793.2007.01.007.
[16]朱云祥,陈璐琳,龚婧如,等.LC-Q-TOF-MS及LC-IT-MS分析酸枣仁汤的化学成分[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(3):457-465.DOI:10.4268/cjcmm20140319.
[17]杨波,张爱华,董巍,等.酸枣仁汤的血清药物化学及不同配伍变化对血中移行成分的影响研究[J].中医药信息,2013,4(30):44-47.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2406.2013.04.019.
[18]孙志翠,裴强伟,王欣,等.酸枣仁汤及其各单味药HPLC指纹图谱研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2013,5(40):988-989.
[19]刘宇,娄燕,张耀文,等.柱前衍生HPLC分析酸枣仁汤中多糖的单糖组成[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,17(19):121-126.DOI:10.11653/syfj2013170121.
[20]王莹,张维西,孙洪生.略论李时珍《本草纲目》对不寐病证认识的贡献[J].时珍国医国药,2012,23(7):1764-1766.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0805.2012.07.079.
[21]赵惠茹,任早,刘春叶.Box-Behnken设计一效应面法优化酸枣仁皂苷的大孔树脂纯化工艺[J].中药材,2015,4(38):831-834.DOI:10.13863/j.issn1001-4454.2015.04.045.
[22]王筱亮,张玉杰,陈明霞,等.多指标正交试验优选酸枣仁最佳提取工艺[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(10):753-754.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-5302.2005.10.010.
[23]夏苗芬,史志超.酸枣仁颗粒中酸枣仁醇提工艺条件的优选[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010,6(17):58-59.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2010.06.025.
[24]李玉娟,代月函,王瑞,等.酸枣仁汤提取工艺优化研究[J].中国药学杂志,2007,3(42):175-177.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-2494.2007.03.004.
[25]李会军,刘双跃,李萍.正交试验法优化酸枣仁汤制备工艺[J].时珍国医国药,2001,7(12):600-601.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.l008-0805.2001.07.016.
[26]徐振球,陈哲妮.酸枣仁配方颗粒的质量控制研究[J].中国现代中药,2013,7(15):597-599.DOI:10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890.2013.07.022.
[27]高声传,郭涛,夏维杰,等.复方酸枣仁汤颗粒的制备与质量控制[J].中国药师,2005,3(8):203-204.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-049X.2005.03.010.
[28]封倩,冯来会,杨新年.加味酸枣仁汤对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠脑组织单胺类神经递质NE、DA及5-HT影响的实验研究[J].中医学报,2012,5(27),581-582.DOI:10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2012.05.046.
[29]张斌,张晓双,白黎明.酸枣仁汤对睡眠剥夺大鼠认知功能和胆碱能系统的影响[J].西北药学杂志,2015,5(30):589-591.DOI:69/j.issn.1004-2407.2015.05.012.
[30]白黎明,白扇扇,崔小虎,等.酸枣仁汤对睡眠剥夺后大鼠海马NO和NOS的影响[J].江西中医药,2015,10(46):44-46.
[31]ZHANG Y,QIAO L,SONG M,et al.Hplc-ESI-MS/MSanalysisofthewater-solubleextract from Ziziphi spinosae semen and its ameliorating effect of learning and memory performance in mice[J].Pharmacogn Mag,2014,40(10):509-516.DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.141777.
[32]王慧,罗坤,武静.酸枣仁汤对失眠大鼠中脑中缝背核神经胶质细胞的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,21(18):235-239.DOI:10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.2012.21.087.
[33]晋玉梅,陈悦.加减酸枣仁汤治疗冠心病失眠[C].中国中西医结合学会心血管病学术大会暨江西省中西医结合学会心血管病学术大会,2010.
[34]李萍,唐远山.加味酸枣仁汤治疗肝血亏虚证失眠50例[J].陕西中医,2014,35(12):1616-1617.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7369.2014.12.022.
[35]ZHOU X Z,SHAH J.Patterns of herbal combination for the treatment of insomnia commonly employed by highly experienced Chinese medicine physicians[J].Chin J Integr Med,2011,17(09):655-62.DOI:10.1007.s11655-011-0841-9.
[36]吴立明,张须学,程晓卫.加味酸枣仁汤联合阿普唑仑治疗慢性重度失眠症260例[J].时珍国医国药,2008,1(19):202-203.DOI:10.3969/j/issn.1008-0805.2008.01.116.
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