医学生职业精神的现状及培育
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摘要
随着改革开放和市场经济的发展,医疗的商业化和机械化对医学职业精神产生了巨大的负面影响。为提高医疗行业服务质量、促进医疗事业与社会和谐发展,医学院校教育者在传授医学生专业知识和技能的基础上,还需要对医学院校学生进行职业精神培育。该文从职业态度、职业理想、职业价值观、职业认知、职业能力5个方面分析了职业精神的现状,并指出医学生职业精神培养面对的一系列难题,为明确我国医学职业精神理论体系,促进我国医学生职业精神的发展提供参考依据。
With the reform and opening up and the development of market economy, the medical commercialization and mechanization has a huge negative impact on medical professionalism. In order to improve the medical service quality and promote the harmonious development of medical service and society,medical college educators need to cultivate the professional spirit of medical students on the basis of imparting professional knowledge and skills. This paper analyzes the status quo of professional spirit from the following five aspects: professional attitude,professional ideals,professional values,professional cognition and professional ability,and points out a series of difficult problems in the training of medical students' professional spirit, and provide some references for clarifying the theoretical system of medical professional spirit and promoting the development of medical professional spirit in our country.
With the reform and opening up and the development of market economy, the medical commercialization and mechanization has a huge negative impact on medical professionalism. In order to improve the medical service quality and promote the harmonious development of medical service and society,medical college educators need to cultivate the professional spirit of medical students on the basis of imparting professional knowledge and skills. This paper analyzes the status quo of professional spirit from the following five aspects: professional attitude,professional ideals,professional values,professional cognition and professional ability,and points out a series of difficult problems in the training of medical students' professional spirit, and provide some references for clarifying the theoretical system of medical professional spirit and promoting the development of medical professional spirit in our country.
引文
[1]唐焕韶.医学院校思想政治教育应重视医学职业精神培养[J].教育与职业,2010:8(10),88-90.
[2]杜鹏.论医学院校学生职业精神的培育[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2014.
[3]向国惠.医学生学习适应与其择业效能感的关系探讨[J].湖北广播电视大学报,2014,34(1):64-65.
[4]李曌懿,王志杰.当代我国医学职业精神的基本特征[J].医学与哲学(人文社会医学版),2010,31(6):54-55.
[5]裴大军,陈芳,石宏伟,等.326名实习护生职业态度及临床带教老师因素对其影响分析[J].护理学报,2012,19(10):29-32.
[6]蔡雯,骆朝辉,樊新霞.高职护生职业态度及相关影响因素调查分析[J].护理研究,2011,25(4):86-89.
[7]王晓冰,张辛,王晓光,等.男女护理本科生职业态度比较分析[J].护理学报,2011,18(12):17-20.
[8]HOOD K,CANT R,BAULCH J,et al.Prior experience of interprofessional learning enhances undergraduate nursing and healthcare students'professional identity and attitudes to teamwork[J].Nurse Education in Practice,2014,14(2):177-122.
[9]KARADA A,HISAR F,BAYKARA ZG,et al.A Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Tailored Training and Counseling on the Professional Attitude of Nursing Students[J].Journal of Professional Nursing,2015,31(3):262-270.
[10]OWUSU-DAAKU F,SMITH F,SHAH R.Addressing the workforce crisis:the professional aspirations of pharmacy students in Ghana[J].Pharm World Sc,2008,30(5):577-583.
[11]林昌荣,李颖,黄礼航,等.医学生职业理想现况调查[J].卫生职业教育,2014,22(22):120-121.
[12]张正馨,杨雪梅,韩大书,等.本科护生与护士职业价值观及其影响因素研究[J].护理学报,2013,20(9B):24-27.
[13]苏伟,满其忠,王丽,等.民办院校在校护生职业价值观调查[J].护理研究,2014,28(3):938-939.
[14]赵敏,倪守建,崔玉玲.社会转型期医学生职业价值观调查与分析[J].东岳论丛,2013,34(10):125-128.
[15]鲜雪梅,刘卫明,项伟岚.实习护生职业价值观的现状调查及影响因素分析[J].护理与康复,2011,10(7):574-576.
[16]杨群,袁熹娜,张岩,等.不同学历层次护生职业价值观的现状调查[J].解放军护理杂志,2011,28(1A):26-39.
[17]BANG KS,KANG JH,JUN MH,et al.Professional values in Korean undergraduate nursing students[J].Nurse Education Today,2011,31(1):72-75.
[18]郭茜,刘惠军.新入学医学生从医动机与职业认知调查分析[J].中国高等医学教育,2016,23(1):19-20.
[19]吕广石.医学生职业道德认知现状调查与分析[J].继续医学教育,2013,127(1):11-13.
[20]LIM JY,KIM MA,KIM SY,et al.The effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on career attitude maturity,decision making style,and self-esteem of nursing students in Korea[J].Nurse Education Today,2010,30(8):731-736.
[21]柯采茶,刘春扬,肖慧欣,等.医学生职业能力调查及其影响因素分析[J].福建医科大学学报(社会科学版),2015,16(3):11-15.
[22]陈飞,余颖聪,夏慧霞,等.医学生职业能力倾向的调查与分析[J].医院管理论坛,2013,30(4):50-52.
[23]柯采茶,刘春扬,肖慧欣.课外活动对医学生职业能力的影响调查及分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2016,29(1):69-72.
[24]ASHTON KS.Teaching nursing students about terminating professional relationships,boundaries,and social media[J].Nurse Education Today,2016,37(1):170-172.
[25]KONG LH,CHEN XY,SHEN SY,et al.Professional commitment and attributional style of medical-college nursing students in China:A cross-sectional study[J].Nurse Education Today,2016,40(2):154-160.
[26]袁蕙芸,崔文彬,陈佩.上海部分医院医师职业精神现状分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2011,24(5):588-591.
[27]陆媛.当代大学生职业精神的培养与塑造[J].继续教育研究,2011,32(12):156-157.
[28]崔群颖,刘芳.对医学生职业精神认知状况及培养途径的分析与对策研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2011,24(6):810-812.
[29]HILLIS DJ,GRIGG MJ.Professionalism and the role of medical colleges[J].The Surgeon,2015,13(5):292-299.
[30]马菊华,严世荣,王火松.医学生职业精神的培养与评估模式研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(2):259-261.
[31]中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯选集:第1卷[M].2版.北京:人民出版社,1995:56.
[32]孟令涛,赵峰,梁慧敏,等.新时期医学生职业精神自觉性培养探讨[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(6):699-701.
[33]HULTMAN CH,CONNOLLY A,Halvorson EG,et al.Get on your boots:Preparing fourth-year medical students for a career in surgery,using a focused curriculum to teach the competency of professionalism[J].Journal of surgical research,2012,177(2):217-223.
[34]ANTHONY-PR.Medical professionalism[J].Medicine,2016,44(10):586-588.
[35]王建敏,王香平,樊洁,等.医学生临床阶段职业精神培养实践探索与思考[J].中国医院,2015,9(2):71-73.
[36]汤金洲,王志玲,马晓.关于加强和改进医学生职业精神教育的思考[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(4):456-458.
[37]张静,王璐,赵君梅.陕西省某地方综合大学医学生人文素质教育的探讨[J].医学与社会,2011,24(12):104.
[38]连晓洁.人文关怀视角下医学生职业精神培养的研究[D].沈阳:辽宁医学院,2014.
[2]杜鹏.论医学院校学生职业精神的培育[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2014.
[3]向国惠.医学生学习适应与其择业效能感的关系探讨[J].湖北广播电视大学报,2014,34(1):64-65.
[4]李曌懿,王志杰.当代我国医学职业精神的基本特征[J].医学与哲学(人文社会医学版),2010,31(6):54-55.
[5]裴大军,陈芳,石宏伟,等.326名实习护生职业态度及临床带教老师因素对其影响分析[J].护理学报,2012,19(10):29-32.
[6]蔡雯,骆朝辉,樊新霞.高职护生职业态度及相关影响因素调查分析[J].护理研究,2011,25(4):86-89.
[7]王晓冰,张辛,王晓光,等.男女护理本科生职业态度比较分析[J].护理学报,2011,18(12):17-20.
[8]HOOD K,CANT R,BAULCH J,et al.Prior experience of interprofessional learning enhances undergraduate nursing and healthcare students'professional identity and attitudes to teamwork[J].Nurse Education in Practice,2014,14(2):177-122.
[9]KARADA A,HISAR F,BAYKARA ZG,et al.A Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Tailored Training and Counseling on the Professional Attitude of Nursing Students[J].Journal of Professional Nursing,2015,31(3):262-270.
[10]OWUSU-DAAKU F,SMITH F,SHAH R.Addressing the workforce crisis:the professional aspirations of pharmacy students in Ghana[J].Pharm World Sc,2008,30(5):577-583.
[11]林昌荣,李颖,黄礼航,等.医学生职业理想现况调查[J].卫生职业教育,2014,22(22):120-121.
[12]张正馨,杨雪梅,韩大书,等.本科护生与护士职业价值观及其影响因素研究[J].护理学报,2013,20(9B):24-27.
[13]苏伟,满其忠,王丽,等.民办院校在校护生职业价值观调查[J].护理研究,2014,28(3):938-939.
[14]赵敏,倪守建,崔玉玲.社会转型期医学生职业价值观调查与分析[J].东岳论丛,2013,34(10):125-128.
[15]鲜雪梅,刘卫明,项伟岚.实习护生职业价值观的现状调查及影响因素分析[J].护理与康复,2011,10(7):574-576.
[16]杨群,袁熹娜,张岩,等.不同学历层次护生职业价值观的现状调查[J].解放军护理杂志,2011,28(1A):26-39.
[17]BANG KS,KANG JH,JUN MH,et al.Professional values in Korean undergraduate nursing students[J].Nurse Education Today,2011,31(1):72-75.
[18]郭茜,刘惠军.新入学医学生从医动机与职业认知调查分析[J].中国高等医学教育,2016,23(1):19-20.
[19]吕广石.医学生职业道德认知现状调查与分析[J].继续医学教育,2013,127(1):11-13.
[20]LIM JY,KIM MA,KIM SY,et al.The effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on career attitude maturity,decision making style,and self-esteem of nursing students in Korea[J].Nurse Education Today,2010,30(8):731-736.
[21]柯采茶,刘春扬,肖慧欣,等.医学生职业能力调查及其影响因素分析[J].福建医科大学学报(社会科学版),2015,16(3):11-15.
[22]陈飞,余颖聪,夏慧霞,等.医学生职业能力倾向的调查与分析[J].医院管理论坛,2013,30(4):50-52.
[23]柯采茶,刘春扬,肖慧欣.课外活动对医学生职业能力的影响调查及分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2016,29(1):69-72.
[24]ASHTON KS.Teaching nursing students about terminating professional relationships,boundaries,and social media[J].Nurse Education Today,2016,37(1):170-172.
[25]KONG LH,CHEN XY,SHEN SY,et al.Professional commitment and attributional style of medical-college nursing students in China:A cross-sectional study[J].Nurse Education Today,2016,40(2):154-160.
[26]袁蕙芸,崔文彬,陈佩.上海部分医院医师职业精神现状分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2011,24(5):588-591.
[27]陆媛.当代大学生职业精神的培养与塑造[J].继续教育研究,2011,32(12):156-157.
[28]崔群颖,刘芳.对医学生职业精神认知状况及培养途径的分析与对策研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2011,24(6):810-812.
[29]HILLIS DJ,GRIGG MJ.Professionalism and the role of medical colleges[J].The Surgeon,2015,13(5):292-299.
[30]马菊华,严世荣,王火松.医学生职业精神的培养与评估模式研究[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(2):259-261.
[31]中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局.马克思恩格斯选集:第1卷[M].2版.北京:人民出版社,1995:56.
[32]孟令涛,赵峰,梁慧敏,等.新时期医学生职业精神自觉性培养探讨[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(6):699-701.
[33]HULTMAN CH,CONNOLLY A,Halvorson EG,et al.Get on your boots:Preparing fourth-year medical students for a career in surgery,using a focused curriculum to teach the competency of professionalism[J].Journal of surgical research,2012,177(2):217-223.
[34]ANTHONY-PR.Medical professionalism[J].Medicine,2016,44(10):586-588.
[35]王建敏,王香平,樊洁,等.医学生临床阶段职业精神培养实践探索与思考[J].中国医院,2015,9(2):71-73.
[36]汤金洲,王志玲,马晓.关于加强和改进医学生职业精神教育的思考[J].中国医学伦理学,2012,25(4):456-458.
[37]张静,王璐,赵君梅.陕西省某地方综合大学医学生人文素质教育的探讨[J].医学与社会,2011,24(12):104.
[38]连晓洁.人文关怀视角下医学生职业精神培养的研究[D].沈阳:辽宁医学院,2014.