草地与耕地土壤团聚体及有机碳含量对比分析——以内蒙古四子王旗为例
|
摘要
[目的]通过探讨草地开垦为耕地后土壤团聚体及有机碳的变化规律,为内蒙古自治区四子王旗土地利用方式优化及草原保护提供理论依据。[方法]以内蒙古四子王旗农牧交错带栗钙土、灰褐土和草甸土3种土壤类型下草地和耕地为研究对象,对0—10cm土层土壤团聚体组成、土壤有机碳、各粒径团聚体有机碳含量和各粒径团聚体对有机碳的贡献率进行了对比分析。[结果]栗钙土和灰褐土耕地与同地点草地相比,粒径>3mm和0.25～3mm的团聚体含量减少,而≤0.25mm粒径团聚体含量增加,土壤有机碳和各粒径团聚体有机碳含量均有所降低,有机碳储存的主体由>3mm粒径团聚体向0.25～3mm粒径团聚体转化,非团聚体对有机碳的贡献率上升;草甸土草地土壤结构性差,有机碳含量较低,主要是出现盐化现象所致,但是开垦为耕地后,受有机肥长期施入和耕作的影响,其各项指标均有所改善。[结论]栗钙土和灰褐土草地在开垦为耕地后,土壤结构退化,有机碳稳定性下降。但是,根据实际情况开垦研究区内盐化草甸土草地进行农田耕作是可行的。
[Objective]To investigate the effects of grassland reclamation on the variation of soil aggregates and organic carbon distribution,in order to provide theoretical basis for land use optimization and grassland protection of Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia.[Methods]Three soil types(chestnut soil,gray cinnamon soil and meadow soil)were selected from the grassland and cultivated land in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia.The composition of soil aggregates,soil organic carbon,and soil organic carbon of aggregates with different particle sizes and their contribution rate in the 0—10 cm soil layer were analyzed.[Results]The content of aggregates with particle sizes>3 mm and 0.25～3 mm were lower,but the content of aggregates with particle size≤0.25 mm was higher in cultivated land than in grassland with chestnut soil and gray cinnamon soil.Moreover,and soil organic carbon of each soil aggregates with different particle size were lower in cultivated land,compared with the other two soil types.The main body of organ carbon storage transformed from soil aggregate with particle size>3 mm to 0.25～3 mm soil aggregate.The contribution rate of non-aggregates to soil organic carbon was increased in the cultivated land soil.The structure of meadow soil was poor with low organic carbon content,which was mainly caused by the salinization,but it was improved by the long-term cultivation and application of organic fertilizer after reclamation for arable land.[Conclusion]After reclamation of the grassland with chestnut soil and gray cinnamon soil into cultivated land,soil structure was degraded and the stability of soil organic carbon was decreased,however,proper reclamation in meadow soil was feasible under suitable conditions.
[Objective]To investigate the effects of grassland reclamation on the variation of soil aggregates and organic carbon distribution,in order to provide theoretical basis for land use optimization and grassland protection of Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia.[Methods]Three soil types(chestnut soil,gray cinnamon soil and meadow soil)were selected from the grassland and cultivated land in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia.The composition of soil aggregates,soil organic carbon,and soil organic carbon of aggregates with different particle sizes and their contribution rate in the 0—10 cm soil layer were analyzed.[Results]The content of aggregates with particle sizes>3 mm and 0.25～3 mm were lower,but the content of aggregates with particle size≤0.25 mm was higher in cultivated land than in grassland with chestnut soil and gray cinnamon soil.Moreover,and soil organic carbon of each soil aggregates with different particle size were lower in cultivated land,compared with the other two soil types.The main body of organ carbon storage transformed from soil aggregate with particle size>3 mm to 0.25～3 mm soil aggregate.The contribution rate of non-aggregates to soil organic carbon was increased in the cultivated land soil.The structure of meadow soil was poor with low organic carbon content,which was mainly caused by the salinization,but it was improved by the long-term cultivation and application of organic fertilizer after reclamation for arable land.[Conclusion]After reclamation of the grassland with chestnut soil and gray cinnamon soil into cultivated land,soil structure was degraded and the stability of soil organic carbon was decreased,however,proper reclamation in meadow soil was feasible under suitable conditions.
引文
[1]杨长明,欧阳竹.华北平原农业土地利用方式对土壤水稳性团聚体分布特征及其有机碳含量的影响[J].土壤,2008,40(1):100-105.
[2]敖登高娃.脆弱草原带土地利用对土壤质量的影响研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[3]闫晔,修长柏.基于期权定价理论的草原碳汇价值评估:以内蒙古四子王旗为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(11):31-36.
[4]卢怡,龙健,廖洪凯,等.不同土地利用方式对喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤团聚体碳、氮、磷分布特征的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(6):289-294.
[5]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社:2013.
[6]苏静,赵世伟.土壤团聚体稳定性评价方法比较[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(5):114-117.
[7]姚贤良,程云生,等.土壤物理学[M].北京:农业出版社:1986.
[8]杨慧,张连凯,于奭,等.桂林毛村岩溶区与碎屑岩区不同土地利用方式对土壤水稳性团聚体特征的影响[J].中国岩溶,2012,31(3):265-271.
[9]毛艳玲,杨玉盛,邹双全,等.土地利用变化对亚热带山地红壤团聚体有机碳的影响[J].山地学报,2007,25(6):706-713.
[10]Sodhi G P S,Beri V,Benbi D K.Soil aggregation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in different fractions under long-term application of compost in rice-wheat system[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2009,103(2):412-418.
[11]Tisdall J M,Oades J M.Organic matter and waterstable aggregates in soils[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2006,33(2),141-163.
[12]王开勇,郭岩彬,孟凡乔,等.常规与有机农田土壤团聚体组成及碳氮储量研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(5):180-184.
[13]李鉴霖,江长胜,郝庆菊.土地利用方式对缙云山土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4695-4704.
[14]张履勤,章明奎.林地与农地转换过程中红壤有机碳、氮和磷库的演变[J].浙江林学院学报,2006,23(1):75-79.
[15]Six J,Bossuyt H,Degryze S D,et al.A history of research on the link between(micro)aggregates,soil biota,and soil organic matter dynamics[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2004,79(1):7-31.
[16]尹勤瑞.盐碱化对土壤物理及水动力学性质的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[17]刘晶,田耀武,张巧明.豫西黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤团聚体有机碳含量及其矿化特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):255-261.
[18]李大伟,孟庆峰,周连仁,等.长期施肥下不同种植年限碱化草甸土水稳性团聚体及有机碳分布[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(6):80-83.
[19]任雅阁,马玲玲,成杭新,等.典型农耕区褐土水稳性团聚体有机碳的分布及组成[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):15-19.
[2]敖登高娃.脆弱草原带土地利用对土壤质量的影响研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[3]闫晔,修长柏.基于期权定价理论的草原碳汇价值评估:以内蒙古四子王旗为例[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(11):31-36.
[4]卢怡,龙健,廖洪凯,等.不同土地利用方式对喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤团聚体碳、氮、磷分布特征的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(6):289-294.
[5]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社:2013.
[6]苏静,赵世伟.土壤团聚体稳定性评价方法比较[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(5):114-117.
[7]姚贤良,程云生,等.土壤物理学[M].北京:农业出版社:1986.
[8]杨慧,张连凯,于奭,等.桂林毛村岩溶区与碎屑岩区不同土地利用方式对土壤水稳性团聚体特征的影响[J].中国岩溶,2012,31(3):265-271.
[9]毛艳玲,杨玉盛,邹双全,等.土地利用变化对亚热带山地红壤团聚体有机碳的影响[J].山地学报,2007,25(6):706-713.
[10]Sodhi G P S,Beri V,Benbi D K.Soil aggregation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in different fractions under long-term application of compost in rice-wheat system[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2009,103(2):412-418.
[11]Tisdall J M,Oades J M.Organic matter and waterstable aggregates in soils[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2006,33(2),141-163.
[12]王开勇,郭岩彬,孟凡乔,等.常规与有机农田土壤团聚体组成及碳氮储量研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(5):180-184.
[13]李鉴霖,江长胜,郝庆菊.土地利用方式对缙云山土壤团聚体稳定性及其有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(12):4695-4704.
[14]张履勤,章明奎.林地与农地转换过程中红壤有机碳、氮和磷库的演变[J].浙江林学院学报,2006,23(1):75-79.
[15]Six J,Bossuyt H,Degryze S D,et al.A history of research on the link between(micro)aggregates,soil biota,and soil organic matter dynamics[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2004,79(1):7-31.
[16]尹勤瑞.盐碱化对土壤物理及水动力学性质的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[17]刘晶,田耀武,张巧明.豫西黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤团聚体有机碳含量及其矿化特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):255-261.
[18]李大伟,孟庆峰,周连仁,等.长期施肥下不同种植年限碱化草甸土水稳性团聚体及有机碳分布[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(6):80-83.
[19]任雅阁,马玲玲,成杭新,等.典型农耕区褐土水稳性团聚体有机碳的分布及组成[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):15-19.