掠入射聚焦型X射线脉冲星望远镜及在轨数据分析
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摘要
掠入射聚焦型X射线脉冲星望远镜是XPNAV-1卫星的主载荷,其首要科学探测任务是以PSR B0531+21脉冲星为观测目标,根据在轨实测数据恢复脉冲轮廓,实现基于掠入射聚焦型X射线脉冲星望远镜"看得见"PSR B0531+21脉冲星的目标。掠入射聚焦型X射线脉冲星望远镜主要由多层嵌套准Wolter-I X射线光学系统、硅漂移探测器、磁偏转器、电子学、高能粒子防护罩、高稳定结构等关键部组件组成。介绍了脉冲星探测需求、有效载荷工作原理与设计原则、探测任务、主要技术指标以及在轨观测主任务期间观测数据的初步分析结果。
The Grazing Incidence Focusing X-Ray Pulsar Telescope( i FXPT) is the main payload of XPNAV-1 satellite. With PSR B0531 + 21 pulsar as observation target,the pulsar profile was recovered based on the data obtained by the i FXPT,realizing the main objective that "observing"PSR B0531 + 21 with the i FXPT for the first time in China. The i FXPT is composed of Wolter-I X-ray optics,silicon drift detector,magnetic diverter,electronics,high-energy particle shield and high stable structures. The observation requirements, working principle and design rationale of i FXPT, exploration task, main technical indexes,and the preliminary analysis results of in-orbit data were introduced in this paper.
The Grazing Incidence Focusing X-Ray Pulsar Telescope( i FXPT) is the main payload of XPNAV-1 satellite. With PSR B0531 + 21 pulsar as observation target,the pulsar profile was recovered based on the data obtained by the i FXPT,realizing the main objective that "observing"PSR B0531 + 21 with the i FXPT for the first time in China. The i FXPT is composed of Wolter-I X-ray optics,silicon drift detector,magnetic diverter,electronics,high-energy particle shield and high stable structures. The observation requirements, working principle and design rationale of i FXPT, exploration task, main technical indexes,and the preliminary analysis results of in-orbit data were introduced in this paper.
引文
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[2]LI P F,XU G D,DONG L M,et al.A Real Time Estimation Method of Time-delay for X ray Pulsar Signal[J].ACTA AERONAUTICA ET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA,2014,35(7):1966-1976.(in Chinese).
[3]ALAN H.EXPRESS Pallet Payload Interface Requirements[R].Space Station Payloads Office,2004.Darryll J P.ARPA/DARPA Space Programs[R].DARPA,2004.
[4]GORENSTEIN P.Grazing incidence telescopes for x-ray astronomy[J].Optical Engineering,2012,51(1):1-14.
[5]李连升,邓楼楼,梅志武,等.基于Monte Carlo的聚焦型X射线望远镜多物理场耦合分析方法[J].航空学报,2016,37(4):1249-1260.
[6]KEITH C,GENDREAUA,ZAVEN ARZOUMANIANAB,PHILLIP W.ADKINS,et al.The Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer(NICER):design and development[C]//Proceedings of SPIE,Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016:Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray,2016,9905:1-16.
[7]李连升,邓楼楼,梅志武,等.X射线脉冲星导航探测技术发展综述[J].兵器装备工程学报,2017,38(5):1-9.
[8]黄良伟,帅平,林晴晴,等.X射线脉冲星导航标称数据库构建[J].中国空间科学技术,2015,32(3):66-74.
[9]周庆勇.脉冲星计时模型及应用[J].兵器装备工程学报,2010,31(9):142-145.
[10]王奕迪,郑伟,安雪滢,等.基于改进动静态滤波的脉冲星/CNS深空探测组合导航方法[J].中国空间科学技术,2013,33(5):22-28.
[11]https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa,gov/nmc/spacecraft Display.do?id=2016-066A.
[12]KIRSCH M G F,BRIEL U G,BURROWS D,et al.PSR B0531+21:the standard X-ray candle with all(modern)X-ray satellites[C]//UV,X-Ray,and Gamma-Ray Space Instrumentation for Astronomy XIV,Proc.of SPIE,5898,589803.
[13]ZHANG X Y,SHUAI P,HUANG L W,et al.Mission overview and initial observation results of the X-ray pulsar navigation-I statellite[J].International Journal of Aerospace Engineering,2017,https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8561830.
[14]MALAGUTIA G,PARESCHIB G,FERRANDOC P,et al.Active and passive shielding design optimization and technical solutions for deep sensitivity hard X-ray focusing telescopes[C]//Proc.of SPIE Vol.2005,5900:59000M-1.
[15]ZUO F C,MEI Z W,et al.Design and development of grazing incidence X-ray mirror[C]//Proc.of SPIE,9796,selected papers of the Photoelectronic Technology Committee Conferences held November 2015,97965p.
[16]SHI Y Q,MEI Z W,LV Z X,DENG L L.The effective area calibration precision analysis of grazing incidence soft x-ray optical system[C]//Proc.of SPIE,9796,selected papers of the Photoelectronic Technology Committee Conferences held November 2015,97961p.
[17]CHEN J W,MEI Z W,et al.X-ray photon time tagging error analysis and simulation for pulsar navigation[C]//Sensors,Systems,and Next-Generation Satellites XVII,Proc.of SPIE 8889,888924.
[18]ANDREW L,FRANCIS G S.Pulsar Astronomy(Forth Edition)[M].Cambridge University Press,2011:117-133.
[19]KIRSCH M G F,.BRIEL U G,BURROWS D,et al.PSR B0531+21:the standard X-ray candle with all(modern)X-ray satellites[C]//UV,X-Ray,and Gamma-Ray Space Instrumentation for Astronomy XIV,Proc.of SPIE,5898,589803.