高应力厚层软弱顶板煤巷锚索支护失效机理及合理长度研究
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摘要
按传统方法设计的锚索在深井厚层软弱顶板煤巷中经常发生大面积支护失效,致使这类巷道维护十分困难,成本高。通过现场勘查与理论分析,研究了导致锚索支护失效的影响因素,指出软弱厚层直接顶板锚索孔施工过程中的变形和安装过程对锚固剂的破坏是导致锚索支护失效的主要原因。提出了基于厚层软弱直接顶的新的锚索参数设计方法。现场实践表明,按新方法设计的锚索不仅缩短了锚索长度,而且大幅度提高了锚固力,显著改善了巷道的维护效果。
With the traditional method, large-area supporting failure often arises in anchor cable which causes the result that the maintenance of roadway is very difficult and the cost is high in thick soft-weak roof of deep coal roadway. Through field investigation and theoretical analysis, the factors of anchor cable supporting failure have been studied. The study indicates that the main reasons of anchor cable supporting failure are deformation of cable holes during constructive process in thick soft immediate roof and anchor agent damage during installation. Accordingly, the new design method of anchor cable parameters applying to thick soft immediate roof is proposed. The results show that the length of anchor cable in accordance with the new method is shortened and the anchoring force is improved greatly, and therefore the maintenance of roadway is improved significantly.
With the traditional method, large-area supporting failure often arises in anchor cable which causes the result that the maintenance of roadway is very difficult and the cost is high in thick soft-weak roof of deep coal roadway. Through field investigation and theoretical analysis, the factors of anchor cable supporting failure have been studied. The study indicates that the main reasons of anchor cable supporting failure are deformation of cable holes during constructive process in thick soft immediate roof and anchor agent damage during installation. Accordingly, the new design method of anchor cable parameters applying to thick soft immediate roof is proposed. The results show that the length of anchor cable in accordance with the new method is shortened and the anchoring force is improved greatly, and therefore the maintenance of roadway is improved significantly.
引文
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[2]王国栋,王成,杜泽生,等.深井厚层复合顶板大断面煤巷围岩控制技术[J].煤矿安全,2010(10):57-60.WANG Guodong,WANG Cheng,DU Zesheng,et al.Surrounding rock control technology of large section roadway under thick compound roof in deep mining[J].Mine Safety,2010(10):57-60.
[3]杜波,谢生荣,何富连,等.厚层炭质泥岩顶板煤巷复合主动支护系统研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(2):13-16.DU Bo,XIE Shengrong,HE Fulian,et al.Study on complex active support system of seam gateway with thick carbonaceous mudstone roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2009,37(2):13-16.
[4]晏银辉,韩军,李海友.煤巷锚杆支护失效的原因分析及其控制[J].煤矿支护,2004(4):25-28.YAN Yinhui,HAN Jun,LI Haiyou.Cause analysis and control on anchor supporting failure of coal roadway[J].Mining Support,2004(4):25-28.
[5]李磊,杨威.锚杆失效的原因及防治措施[J].矿业工程,2007,5(6):28-29.LI Lei,YANG Wei.Reasons and prevention measures of anchor failure[J].Mining Engineering,2007,5(6):28-29.
[6]李冲,徐金海,李明.全长锚固预应力锚杆杆体受力特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(2):188-193.LI Chong,XU Jinhai,LI Ming.The mechanical characteristics analysis of fully anchored pre-stressed bolts in coal mines[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(2):188-193.
[7]丁华,张海君,徐建文.锚杆锚固失效机理研究[J].现代矿业,2011(2):109-110.DING Hua,ZHANG Haijun,XU Jianwen.Study on bolt anchorage failure mechanism[J].Modern Mining,2011(2):109-110.
[8]王宏伟,姜耀东,赵毅鑫,等.软弱破碎围岩高强高预紧力支护技术与应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(4):474-480.WANG Hongwei,JIANG Yaodong,ZHAO Yixing,et al.Application of support technology with high strength and high pretension stress for weak-broken rocks[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(4):474-480.
[9]余伟健,王卫军,文国华,等.深井复合顶板煤巷变形机理及控制对策[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(8):1501-1508.YU Weijian,WANG Weijun,WEN Guohua,et al.Deformation mechanism and control technology of coal roadway under deep well and compound roof[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(8):1501-1508.