植物收割对人工湿地去除多环芳烃的影响
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摘要
人工模拟北京市清河水质,研究模拟人工湿地中植物收割对PAHs去除效果的影响.结果显示:植物和填料对PAHs的去除均有一定的贡献率.湿地种植芦竹并添加填料后对2环萘、3环菲、4环芘和5环苯并[a]芘的去除率平均提高了34.82%、47.92%、19.70%和7.78%.湿地植物收割后,对萘、菲、芘和苯并[a]芘的平均去除率分别提高了11.31%、10.42%、21.21%和12.22%,且在收割后第2周期达到最大.植物收割后,第1周期的相对生长率最低(0.03~0.04cm/d),第2周期的相对生长率最高(0.47~0.51cm/d),第4周期的相对生长率恢复正常水平(0.17~0.23cm/d);对PAHs的去除率在第4周期恢复正常水平.
Effects of plants harvesting on PAHs removal rate of constructed wetland were studied by simulating the water quality of Qinghe river in Beijing.Plant and substrate on PAHs removal both have certain contribution.In the wetland planted and added substrate,the removal rate of naphthalene(2rings),phenanthrene(3rings),pyrene(4rings) and benzo [a] pyrene(5rings) increased by 34.82%,47.92%,19.70% and 47.92% on average.After harvesting of wetland plants,naphthalene,phenanthrene,pyrene and benzo [a] pyrene removal increased 11.31%,10.42%,21.21%,and 12.22%,respectively,and the maximum of the second cycle was achieved.After the plant harvested,the relative growth rate of first cycles was lowest(0.03~0.04cm/day),the relative growth rate of second cycles was the highest(0.47~0.51cm/day),the relative growth rate of the fourth cycle returned to normal levels(0.17~0.23cm/day);and the removal rate of PAHs in the fourth cycle returned to normal levels.
Effects of plants harvesting on PAHs removal rate of constructed wetland were studied by simulating the water quality of Qinghe river in Beijing.Plant and substrate on PAHs removal both have certain contribution.In the wetland planted and added substrate,the removal rate of naphthalene(2rings),phenanthrene(3rings),pyrene(4rings) and benzo [a] pyrene(5rings) increased by 34.82%,47.92%,19.70% and 47.92% on average.After harvesting of wetland plants,naphthalene,phenanthrene,pyrene and benzo [a] pyrene removal increased 11.31%,10.42%,21.21%,and 12.22%,respectively,and the maximum of the second cycle was achieved.After the plant harvested,the relative growth rate of first cycles was lowest(0.03~0.04cm/day),the relative growth rate of second cycles was the highest(0.47~0.51cm/day),the relative growth rate of the fourth cycle returned to normal levels(0.17~0.23cm/day);and the removal rate of PAHs in the fourth cycle returned to normal levels.
引文
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[28]余红兵,杨知建,肖润林,等.水生植物的氮磷吸收能力及收割管理研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(1):294.
[29]Garcia J,Rousseau D P L,Morato J,et al.Contaminant removal processes in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands:a review[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2010,40(7):561-661.
[30]Zhang Z,Rengel Z,Meney K.Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)differentially influence growth of various emergent wetland species[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2010,182(1):689-695.
[2]曹文文,张振江,赵若杰,等.室内空气PM10中PAHs对老年人的致癌风险评价——以天津市某社区为例[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(2):345-350.
[3]母清林,方杰,邵君波,等.长江口及浙江近岸海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布,来源与风险评价[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):839-846.
[4]李佳乐,张彩香,王焰新,等.太原市小店污灌区地下水中多环芳烃与有机氯农药污染特征及分布规律[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):172-178.
[5]Seo J S,Keum Y S,Li Q X.Bacterial degradation of aromatic compounds[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2009,6(1):278-309.
[6]王聪颖,王芳,王涛,等.生物强化和生物刺激对土壤中PAHs降解的影响[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(1):121-127.
[7]洪有为.典型多环芳烃在红树林湿地模拟系统中的迁移规律及其毒性效应研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2009.
[8]曲洁婷.垂直流湿地模拟装置净化污染河水中多环芳烃的效果研究[D].山东:山东大学,2014.
[9]丁疆华,舒强.人工湿地在处理污水中的应用[J].农业环境保护,2000,19(5):320-321.
[10]姜义帅,陈灏,马作敏,等.利用沉水植物生长期收割进行富营养化水体生态管理的实地研究[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(4):1351-1358.
[11]林国徐,方静.植物收割频率对水生植物滤床深度处理养猪废水的影响[J].2013,7(12):4793-4798.
[12]郭长城,胡洪营,李锋民.湿地植物香蒲体内氮,磷含量的季节变化及适宜收割期[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(3):1020-1025.
[13]程斌,浦跃朴,尹立红,等.水生植物滤床的植物组合及定期收割对植物铅蓄积的影响[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2005,35(3):452-455.
[14]曲洁婷,卢少勇,张建,等.北京市东郊河流水中多环芳烃的分布[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(120):161-189.
[15]Jie-Ting Qu,Shao-Yong Lu,Xue-Yan Wu,et al.Impact of hydraulic loading on removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)from vertical-flow wetland[J].Toxicological&Environmental Chemistry,2015,97(3/4):388-401.
[16]沈红.有机改性沸石对水中多环芳烃的吸附性能研究[J].科技通报,2012,28(6):8-10.
[17]中华人民共和国水产行业标准SC/T 3042-2008.
[18]张开秀,杨芳,姜丹,等.水培海马齿对海水菲污染修复作用的初步研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(3):618-625.
[19]范淑秀,李培军,何娜,等.多环芳烃污染土壤的植物修复研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,26(6):2007-2013.
[20]刘玲,谢影,汪承润,等.植物修复多环芳烃(PAHs)研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(3):309-312.
[21]许宜平,陈少华,陈明,等.厌氧-膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液中多环芳烃的研究[J].环境化学,2004,23(6):39-44.
[22]王振,刘超翔,董健,等.人工湿地中除磷填料的筛选及其除磷能力[J].中国环境科学,2013(2):227-233.
[23]唐运平,王玉洁,段云霞,等.人工湿地去除芳香族化合物的研究进展[J].天津工业大学学报,2015,34(2):64-68.
[24]易志刚,刘春常,张倩媚,等.复合人工湿地对有机污染物的去除效果初步研究[J].生态环境,2006,15(5):945-948.
[25]王淑娟,刘操,蒲俊文.某人工湿地系统对水中持久性有机污染物去除效果的分析[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(5):45-48.
[26]汤显强,黄岁樑.人工湿地去污机理及其国内外应用现状[J].水处理技术,2007,33(2):9-13.
[27]许华夏,李培军,巩宗强,等.双加氧酶活力对细菌降解菲的指示作用[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(7):845-847.
[28]余红兵,杨知建,肖润林,等.水生植物的氮磷吸收能力及收割管理研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(1):294.
[29]Garcia J,Rousseau D P L,Morato J,et al.Contaminant removal processes in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands:a review[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2010,40(7):561-661.
[30]Zhang Z,Rengel Z,Meney K.Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)differentially influence growth of various emergent wetland species[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2010,182(1):689-695.