洱海沉积物有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)三维荧光空间分布特性及指示意义
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摘要
采用荧光光谱区域体积积分法定量研究洱海沉积物有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)三维荧光空间分布特性,结果表明,洱海沉积物CDOM中类腐殖酸组分占比最高(44.5%～74.2%),其次为溶解性微生物代谢产物(10.7%～20.4%)和类富里酸物质(8.19%～19.7%),而类蛋白组分占比最低,类腐殖酸占比与H/C和N/C均呈显著负相关;南部湖心平台区域沉积物类富里酸和类蛋白组分占比较高,其CDOM自生源占比较高;北部水生植物分布区溶解性微生物代谢产物占比较高,CDOM陆源性较强;中部深水区及南北湖湾区域类腐殖酸占比较高,随水深增加沉积物CDOM自生源特征增强.随沉积物深度增加类腐殖酸和溶解性微生物代谢产物占比呈下降趋势,类富里酸占比呈上升趋势,CDOM自生源特征增强,脂肪化程度增高.随湖泊富营养化程度增加沉积物CDOM受微生物代谢产物影响增强,陆源性增加,而自生源性降低,湖泊沉积物CDOM具有富营养化指示意义.
The Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter( CDOM) was analyzed quantitatively using fluorescence spectroscopy regional volume integral method. The spatial distribution characteristics of CDOM were studied by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy in Lake Erhai sediments. The results showed that the highest proportion was the humic acid( ranging from 44.5% to 74.2% in sediments),followed by soluble microbial metabolites and fulvic acid with their content 10.7%-20.4% and 8. 19%-19.7%,respectively. The lowest was the class protein components. The proportion of humic acid was negatively correlated with H/C and N/C. The concentration of fulvic acid and the class protein components accounted for a relatively high proportion in the southern lake core platform,and CDOM had strongly self-origin. The dissolved microbial metabolites accounted for a relatively high proportion in the northern aquatic plant distribution area,and CDOM showed strongly terrestrial origin. The humic acids accounted for a relatively high proportion in the central deep water area and the north and south lake bays,with the increase of water depth,the self-origin characteristics of CDOM was increased in sediments. With the increase of sediment depth,the humic acid and soluble microbial metabolites was decreased,the fulvic acid was increased. The self-generated source characteristics and the degree of fatification of CDOM were increased. As the lake eutrophication increased,the influence of microbial metabolites on the CDOM of sediments was increased,and its terrestrial sources was increased will its self-generated source was reduced. The CDOM of lake sediments had the indicating significance to eutrophication.
The Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter( CDOM) was analyzed quantitatively using fluorescence spectroscopy regional volume integral method. The spatial distribution characteristics of CDOM were studied by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy in Lake Erhai sediments. The results showed that the highest proportion was the humic acid( ranging from 44.5% to 74.2% in sediments),followed by soluble microbial metabolites and fulvic acid with their content 10.7%-20.4% and 8. 19%-19.7%,respectively. The lowest was the class protein components. The proportion of humic acid was negatively correlated with H/C and N/C. The concentration of fulvic acid and the class protein components accounted for a relatively high proportion in the southern lake core platform,and CDOM had strongly self-origin. The dissolved microbial metabolites accounted for a relatively high proportion in the northern aquatic plant distribution area,and CDOM showed strongly terrestrial origin. The humic acids accounted for a relatively high proportion in the central deep water area and the north and south lake bays,with the increase of water depth,the self-origin characteristics of CDOM was increased in sediments. With the increase of sediment depth,the humic acid and soluble microbial metabolites was decreased,the fulvic acid was increased. The self-generated source characteristics and the degree of fatification of CDOM were increased. As the lake eutrophication increased,the influence of microbial metabolites on the CDOM of sediments was increased,and its terrestrial sources was increased will its self-generated source was reduced. The CDOM of lake sediments had the indicating significance to eutrophication.
引文
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[26]Li QC.The characteristic of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)in lake sediments and their responses to drainagebasin[Dissertation].Guilin:Guilin University of Technology,2015:21-24.[李秋才.高原湖泊沉积物溶解性有机氮(DON)特征及其与流域间变化[学位论文].桂林:桂林理工大学,2015:21-24.]
[2]Kang S,Xing B.Humic acid fractionation upon sequential adsorption onto goethite.Langmuir,2008,24(6):2525-2531.
[3]Fan CH,Chang M,Zhang YC.Spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)derived from water and sediment in normal flow period of the intersection zone of Jing river and Wei river.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2016,36(9):2863-2869.[范春辉,常敏,张颖超.泾渭河交汇区域平水期水体和表层沉积物溶解性有机质的光谱性质.光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(9):2863-2869.]
[4]Hosen JD,Mcdonough OT,Febria CM et al.Dissolved organic matter quality and bioavailability changes across an urbanization gradient in headwater streams.Environmental Science&Technology,2014,48(14):7817-7824.
[5]Zhai TN,Huo SL,Zhang JT.Spectral characteristics of vertical distribution of dissolved organic matters in sediments.Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(11):6196-6204.[翟天恩,霍守亮,张婧天.沉积物中溶解性有机质的垂向分布光谱特性.环境工程学报,2017,11(11):6196-6204.]
[6]Ziegelgruber KL,Chin YP,Zeng T et al.Sources and composition of sediment pore-water dissolved organic matter in prairie pothole lakes.Limnology and Oceanography,2013,58(3):1136-1146.
[7]Li YP,Wang SR,Zhang L.Composition,source characteristic and indication of eutrophication of dissolved organic matter in the sediments of Erhai Lake.Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,74(5):3739-3751.
[8]He XS,Xi BD,Wei ZM et al.Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy with regional integration analysis for characterizing composition and transformation of dissolved organic matter in landfill leachates.Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,190:293-299.
[9]He X,Xi B,Wei Z et al.Spectroscopic characterization of water extractable organic matter during composting of municipal solid waste.Chemosphere,2011,82(4):541-548.
[10]Wu HY,Zhou ZY,Wang HT et al.Effect of spectra correction on the fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter.Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(11):3044-3048.[吴华勇,周泽宇,王洪涛等.光谱校正对溶解有机物三维荧光光谱特征影响.光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(11):3044-3048.]
[11]Chen W,Westerhoff P,Leenheer JA et al.Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter.Environmental Science Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[12]Chen XH,Qian XY,Li XP et al.Long-term trend of eutrophication state of lake Erhai in 1988-2013 and analyses of its socio-economic drivers.J Lake Sci,2018,30(1):70-78.DOI:10.18307/2018.0107.[陈小华,钱晓雍,李小平等.洱海富营养化时间演变特征(1988-2013年)及社会经济驱动分析.湖泊科学,2018,30(1):70-78.]
[13]Wang SR ed.Sediment-water interface process of lakes theories and methods.Beijing:Science Press,2014:108-111.[王圣瑞.湖泊沉积物-水界面过程基本理论与常用测定方法.北京:科学出版社,2014:108-111.]
[14]Wolfe AP,Kaushal SS,Fulton JR et al.Spectrofluorescence of sediment humic substances and historical changes of lacustrine organic matter provenance in response to atmospheric nutrient enrichment.Environmental Science&Technology,2002,36:3217-3223.
[15]Mcknight DM,Boyer EW,Westerhoff PK et al.Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity.Limnology and Oceanography,2001,46(1):38-48.
[16]Huguet A,Vacher L,Relexans S et al.Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Gironde Estuary.Organic Geochemistry,2009,40:706-719.
[17]Zhang ZK,Wu RJ,Zhu YX et al.Lacustrine records of human activities in the catchment of Erhai Lake,Yunnan Province.Acta Geographica Sinica,2000,55(1):66-74.[张振克,吴瑞金,朱育新等.云南洱海流域人类活动的湖泊沉积记录分析.地理学报,2000,55(1):66-74.]
[18]Elizabeth JW,Elizabeth AC.Sources of sedimentary organic matter in the Mississippi River and adjacent Gulf of Mexico as revealed by lipid biomarker andδ13CTOCanalyses.Organic Geochemistry,2008,39:422-439.
[19]Thurman EM.Organic geochemistry of natural waters.Boston,Dordrecht:Martinus Nijhoff/Dr Junk W Publishers,1985:497.
[20]He MC,Shi YH,Lin CY.Characterization ofhumic acids extracted from the sediments of the various rivers and lakes in China.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20:1294-1299.
[21]Goldman JC,Caron DA,Dennett MR.Regulation of gross growth efficiency and ammonium regeneration in bacteria by substrate C:N ratio.Limnology and Oceanography,1987,32(6):1239-1252.
[22]Wang Q,Gao XQ,Xiao NW et al.Distribution pattern of submerged macrophytes and its influencing factors of water environment in Lake Dianchi.J Lake Sci,2018,30(1):157-170.DOI:10.18307/2018.0116.[王琦,高晓奇,肖能文等.滇池沉水植物的分布格局及其水环境影响因子识别.湖泊科学,2018,30(1):157-170.]
[23]Chen JY,Zhang EL.Sediment record of subfossil chironomid assemblages in the ecosystem evolution of Lake Chenghai.Ecological Science,2015,34(2):1-8.[陈静逸,张恩楼.云南程海湖泊生态系统演化的摇蚊亚化石沉积记录.生态科学,2015,34(2):1-8.]
[24]Zhao HC,Zhang L,Wang SR et al.Features and influencing factors of nitrogen and phosphorus diffusive fluxes at the sediment-water interface of Erhai Lake.Environmental Science and Pollution Research International,2018,25:1933-1942.
[25]Wu H,Chang FQ,Zhang HC et al.Grain-size distribution patterns of the surface sediments and their influential factors in Lake Lugu.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2016,34(4):679-687.[吴汉,常凤琴,张虎才等.沪沽湖表层沉积物粒度空间分布特征及其影响因素.沉积学报,2016,34(4):679-687.]
[26]Li QC.The characteristic of dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)in lake sediments and their responses to drainagebasin[Dissertation].Guilin:Guilin University of Technology,2015:21-24.[李秋才.高原湖泊沉积物溶解性有机氮(DON)特征及其与流域间变化[学位论文].桂林:桂林理工大学,2015:21-24.]