信阳茶区不同植茶年限土壤酶活性演变
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摘要
为了探讨信阳茶区不同植茶年限茶园土壤酶活性与土壤养分的关系,采集了不同植茶年限(0、10、20、30、40 a)0~20 cm土层土壤,分析4种土壤酶活性随土壤养分的演变特征。结果表明,过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性与植茶年限呈显著负相关,与茶园土壤pH呈显著正相关;酸性磷酸酶活性与植茶年限相关性不显著;植茶土壤脲酶活性显著高于未植茶土壤,但与植茶年限相关性不显著。过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶与土壤碱解氮、有机质、速效钾、NH4~+-N呈显著负相关,与速效磷、NO_3~--N的相关性不显著;酸性磷酸酶和脲酶与土壤pH、土壤养分相关性不显著。逐步线性回归分析表明,土壤养分对过氧化氢酶影响最显著的为碱解氮、速效钾与NH4~+-N,对蔗糖酶影响最显著的为有机质。土壤交换性离子对过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶影响最显著的是交换性Mg~(2+);对酸性磷酸酶影响最显著的是交换性K~+。土壤酶的几何平均数(GMea)随着植茶年限的延长而降低,说明随着植茶年限的延长,土壤质量下降。灰色关联度分析表明,与GMea关联度最高的4个因子为:交换性Mg~(2+)、土壤pH、NO_3~--N、速效磷。研究结果可为茶园土壤分析与评价、茶园土壤施肥及可持续生产提供科学参考。
In order to investigate the relationship between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient of different tea plantation ages in Xinyang tea-producing area, the soil samples of different cultivating years(0, 10, 20, 30 and 40) in the tea fields(0~20 cm) were collected to measure the soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities and to analyze the features of the evolution of soil enzyme activities with the change of soil nutrient. The results showed the activity of catalase and sucrose enzymes had a significant negative correlation with the tea plantation ages, while they showed a significant positive correlation with the soil pH value. The activity of acid phosphatase was not significantly correlated with the tea plantation ages. The soil urease activity of the tea plant was significantly higher than that of unplanted tea, and the activity of urease was not significantly correlated with the tea plantation ages. The catalase and sucrose showed a negative correlation with alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium and NH_4~+-N, while they had no significant correlation with available phosphorus, NO_3~--N. The correlation between acid phosphatase and urease and soil pH and soil nutrients were not significant. The stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the most significant effects of soil nutrients on catalase were alkali nitrogen, available potassium and NH_4~+-N, the most significant effect on sucrose enzymes was organic matter. The most significant effects of exchangeable ions on catalase, sucrose enzymes and urease was the exchangeable Mg~(2+), while the most significant effect on acid phosphatase was exchangeable K~+. The geometric mean(GMea) of soil enzymes reduced with the increasing of tea plantation ages which indicated that the soil quality decreased with the increase of tea plantation ages. The analysis of the grey correlation results showed that there were four highest correlation factors with GMea which were the exchangeable Mg~(2+), soil pH, NO_3~--N and available phosphorus. The results of this research would provide a theoretical basis for the analysis and assessment of soil as well as the soil fertilization and sustainable produce of tea plantation.
In order to investigate the relationship between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient of different tea plantation ages in Xinyang tea-producing area, the soil samples of different cultivating years(0, 10, 20, 30 and 40) in the tea fields(0~20 cm) were collected to measure the soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities and to analyze the features of the evolution of soil enzyme activities with the change of soil nutrient. The results showed the activity of catalase and sucrose enzymes had a significant negative correlation with the tea plantation ages, while they showed a significant positive correlation with the soil pH value. The activity of acid phosphatase was not significantly correlated with the tea plantation ages. The soil urease activity of the tea plant was significantly higher than that of unplanted tea, and the activity of urease was not significantly correlated with the tea plantation ages. The catalase and sucrose showed a negative correlation with alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium and NH_4~+-N, while they had no significant correlation with available phosphorus, NO_3~--N. The correlation between acid phosphatase and urease and soil pH and soil nutrients were not significant. The stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the most significant effects of soil nutrients on catalase were alkali nitrogen, available potassium and NH_4~+-N, the most significant effect on sucrose enzymes was organic matter. The most significant effects of exchangeable ions on catalase, sucrose enzymes and urease was the exchangeable Mg~(2+), while the most significant effect on acid phosphatase was exchangeable K~+. The geometric mean(GMea) of soil enzymes reduced with the increasing of tea plantation ages which indicated that the soil quality decreased with the increase of tea plantation ages. The analysis of the grey correlation results showed that there were four highest correlation factors with GMea which were the exchangeable Mg~(2+), soil pH, NO_3~--N and available phosphorus. The results of this research would provide a theoretical basis for the analysis and assessment of soil as well as the soil fertilization and sustainable produce of tea plantation.
引文
GARCíA-RUIZ R,OCHOA V,HINOJOSA M B,et al.2008.Suitability of enzyme activities for the monitoring of soil quality improvement in organic agricultural systems[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,40(9):2137-2145.
GARCíA-RUIZ R,OCHOA V,VI?EGLA B,et al.2009.Soil enzymes,nematode community and selected physico-chemical properties as soil quality indicators in organic and conventional olive oil farming:influence of seasonality and site features[J].Applied Soil Ecology,41(3):305-314.
HU Z Y,XU C K,ZHOU L N,et al.2007.Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen compounds to N deposition in a broadleaf forest of southern China[J].Pedosphere,17(3):360-365.
鲍士旦.2008.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社.
陈婵婵,肖斌,余有本,等.2009.陕南茶园土壤有机质和p H值空间变异及其与速效养分的相关性[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),37(1):182-188.
陈宗懋.2018.新时代中国茶产业的创新与发展[J].农学学报,8(1):80-84.
褚素贞,张乃明,史静.2015.云南省设施土壤过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势研究[J].中国农学通报,31(15):220-225.
关松荫,张德生,张志明.1986.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社.
黄华乾,王金叶,凌大炯,等.2003.不同土地利用方式下土壤过氧化氢酶活性与土壤化学性质的关系研究——以雷州半岛为例[J].西南农业学报,26(6):2412-2416.
鲁如坤.2000.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社.
罗英,孙辉,唐学芳,等.2007.珠穆朗玛峰北坡土壤过氧化氢酶与蔗糖酶活性研究[J].土壤学报,44(6):1144-1147.
母媛,袁大刚,兰永生.2016.植茶年限对土壤p H值、有机质与酚酸含量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,(4):44-48.
牛文静,李恋卿,潘根兴.2009.太湖地区水稻土不同粒级团聚体中酶活性对长期施肥的响应[J].应用生态学报,20(9):2181-2186.
邱莉萍,刘军,王益权,等.2004.土壤酶活性与土壤肥力的关系研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,10(3):277-280.
苏有健,廖万有,王烨军,等.2013.皖南茶园土壤活性铝形态分布与土壤p H和植茶年限的关系[J].农业环境科学学报,32(4):721-728.
孙慧,张建锋,胡颖,等.2016.土壤过氧化氢酶对不同林分覆盖的响应[J].土壤通报,47(3):605-610.
唐玉姝,慈恩,颜廷梅,等.2008.太湖地区长期定位试验稻麦两季土壤酶活性与土壤肥力关系[J].土壤学报,45(5):1000-1006.
王伟东,王渭玲,徐福利,等.2015.秦岭西部中幼龄华北落叶松林地土壤养分与酶活性特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,21(4):1032-1039.
薛冬,姚槐应,黄昌勇.2005.植茶年龄对茶园土壤微生物特性及酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,19(2):84-87.
颜慧,钟文辉,李忠佩,等.2008.长期施肥对红壤水稻土磷脂脂肪酸特性和酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,19(1):71-75.
颜明娟,林琼,吴一群,等.2014.不同施氮措施对茶叶品质及茶园土壤环境的影响[J].生态环境学报,23(3):452-456.
杨扬,刘炳君,房江育,等.2011.不同植茶年龄茶树根际与非根际土壤微生物及酶活性特征研究[J].中国农学通报,27(27):118-121.
叶协锋,杨超,李正,等.2013.绿肥对植烟土壤酶活性及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,19(2):445-454.
张倩,宗良纲,曹丹,等.2011.江苏省典型茶园土壤酸化趋势及其制约因素研究[J].土壤,43(5):751-757.
张喜焕,辛贺明.2012.生草栽培对梨园土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响[J].河南农业科学,41(8):85-88.
张小琴,赵华富,姜艳艳,等.2017.不同植茶年限茶园土壤有效营养元素分析[J].热带作物学报,38(12):1-7.
张雪艳,田永强,高丽红,等.2011.长期采用不同栽培方式和栽培制度对土壤环境的影响[J].中国蔬菜,(22/24):38-44.
赵静,韩甜甜,谢兴斌,等.2011.酸化梨园土壤酶活性与土壤理化性质之间的关系[J].水土保持学报,25(4):115-120.
周瑞莲,张普金,徐长林.1997.高寒山区火烧土壤对其养分含量和酶活性的影响及灰色关联分析[J].土壤学报,34(1):89-96.
GARCíA-RUIZ R,OCHOA V,VI?EGLA B,et al.2009.Soil enzymes,nematode community and selected physico-chemical properties as soil quality indicators in organic and conventional olive oil farming:influence of seasonality and site features[J].Applied Soil Ecology,41(3):305-314.
HU Z Y,XU C K,ZHOU L N,et al.2007.Contribution of atmospheric nitrogen compounds to N deposition in a broadleaf forest of southern China[J].Pedosphere,17(3):360-365.
鲍士旦.2008.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社.
陈婵婵,肖斌,余有本,等.2009.陕南茶园土壤有机质和p H值空间变异及其与速效养分的相关性[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),37(1):182-188.
陈宗懋.2018.新时代中国茶产业的创新与发展[J].农学学报,8(1):80-84.
褚素贞,张乃明,史静.2015.云南省设施土壤过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势研究[J].中国农学通报,31(15):220-225.
关松荫,张德生,张志明.1986.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社.
黄华乾,王金叶,凌大炯,等.2003.不同土地利用方式下土壤过氧化氢酶活性与土壤化学性质的关系研究——以雷州半岛为例[J].西南农业学报,26(6):2412-2416.
鲁如坤.2000.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社.
罗英,孙辉,唐学芳,等.2007.珠穆朗玛峰北坡土壤过氧化氢酶与蔗糖酶活性研究[J].土壤学报,44(6):1144-1147.
母媛,袁大刚,兰永生.2016.植茶年限对土壤p H值、有机质与酚酸含量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,(4):44-48.
牛文静,李恋卿,潘根兴.2009.太湖地区水稻土不同粒级团聚体中酶活性对长期施肥的响应[J].应用生态学报,20(9):2181-2186.
邱莉萍,刘军,王益权,等.2004.土壤酶活性与土壤肥力的关系研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,10(3):277-280.
苏有健,廖万有,王烨军,等.2013.皖南茶园土壤活性铝形态分布与土壤p H和植茶年限的关系[J].农业环境科学学报,32(4):721-728.
孙慧,张建锋,胡颖,等.2016.土壤过氧化氢酶对不同林分覆盖的响应[J].土壤通报,47(3):605-610.
唐玉姝,慈恩,颜廷梅,等.2008.太湖地区长期定位试验稻麦两季土壤酶活性与土壤肥力关系[J].土壤学报,45(5):1000-1006.
王伟东,王渭玲,徐福利,等.2015.秦岭西部中幼龄华北落叶松林地土壤养分与酶活性特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,21(4):1032-1039.
薛冬,姚槐应,黄昌勇.2005.植茶年龄对茶园土壤微生物特性及酶活性的影响[J].水土保持学报,19(2):84-87.
颜慧,钟文辉,李忠佩,等.2008.长期施肥对红壤水稻土磷脂脂肪酸特性和酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,19(1):71-75.
颜明娟,林琼,吴一群,等.2014.不同施氮措施对茶叶品质及茶园土壤环境的影响[J].生态环境学报,23(3):452-456.
杨扬,刘炳君,房江育,等.2011.不同植茶年龄茶树根际与非根际土壤微生物及酶活性特征研究[J].中国农学通报,27(27):118-121.
叶协锋,杨超,李正,等.2013.绿肥对植烟土壤酶活性及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,19(2):445-454.
张倩,宗良纲,曹丹,等.2011.江苏省典型茶园土壤酸化趋势及其制约因素研究[J].土壤,43(5):751-757.
张喜焕,辛贺明.2012.生草栽培对梨园土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响[J].河南农业科学,41(8):85-88.
张小琴,赵华富,姜艳艳,等.2017.不同植茶年限茶园土壤有效营养元素分析[J].热带作物学报,38(12):1-7.
张雪艳,田永强,高丽红,等.2011.长期采用不同栽培方式和栽培制度对土壤环境的影响[J].中国蔬菜,(22/24):38-44.
赵静,韩甜甜,谢兴斌,等.2011.酸化梨园土壤酶活性与土壤理化性质之间的关系[J].水土保持学报,25(4):115-120.
周瑞莲,张普金,徐长林.1997.高寒山区火烧土壤对其养分含量和酶活性的影响及灰色关联分析[J].土壤学报,34(1):89-96.