浅析全球新一轮矿产资源战略研究的共性特征
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摘要
文章对美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、欧盟、印度、南非等国家或地区2017年以来制定的矿产资源战略报告进行了梳理。从目的和意义看,全球新一轮矿产资源战略研究的共性主题是展示矿业应有的担当发展、绿色发展、创新发展、活力发展、持续发展新形象;从基础和前提看,全球新一轮矿产资源战略研究的共性背景是正视矿业发展面临的土地准入越来越难、地质调查资料渴求强烈、勘查技术亟待提高等新问题;从思路和方法看,全球新一轮矿产资源战略研究的共性对策是加强国内矿产勘查、强化全产业链生命周期管理、发挥科技创新的重大作用、走绿色发展的基本途径、密切关注矿种重点的重大转变等新举措。
This paper reviews the strategic reports on mineral resources formulated by the governments of United States, Australia, Canada,the European Union, India, South Africa and other countries or regions since 2017. From the perspective of purpose and significance, a common theme of the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources is to build the new look of mining industry of undertaking development, green development, innovative development, vigorous development and sustainable development. From the perspective of foundation and premise, the common background of the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources is to face the new problems in the development of mining industry, such as the land access is more and more difficult to acquire, geological survey data and improvement of exploration technology are needed urgently. From the perspective of thoughts and methods, the common countermeasures for the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources are these new measures as follows: improving domestic mineral exploration,strengthening life cycle management of the whole industrial chain, making scientific and technological innovation play an important role,taking the way of green development, paying attention to significant changes of key mineral species constantly, etc.
This paper reviews the strategic reports on mineral resources formulated by the governments of United States, Australia, Canada,the European Union, India, South Africa and other countries or regions since 2017. From the perspective of purpose and significance, a common theme of the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources is to build the new look of mining industry of undertaking development, green development, innovative development, vigorous development and sustainable development. From the perspective of foundation and premise, the common background of the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources is to face the new problems in the development of mining industry, such as the land access is more and more difficult to acquire, geological survey data and improvement of exploration technology are needed urgently. From the perspective of thoughts and methods, the common countermeasures for the new round of global strategic research on mineral resources are these new measures as follows: improving domestic mineral exploration,strengthening life cycle management of the whole industrial chain, making scientific and technological innovation play an important role,taking the way of green development, paying attention to significant changes of key mineral species constantly, etc.
引文
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[3]Presidential Executive Order on a Federal Strategy to Ensure Secure and Reliable Supplies of Critical Minerals[EB/OL].(2017-12-20)[2019-04-15].https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-orderfederal-strategy-ensure-secure-reliable-supplies-criticalminerals/?utm_source=link.
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[5]Resources 2030 Taskforce.Australian resources-providing prosperity for future generations[R].2018.8.
[6]Australia Minerals.2017-2022 National Mineral Exploration Strategy[EB/OL].[2019-04-15].https://d28rz98at9flks.cloudfront.net/111002/111002_National_Mineral_Strategy_w2.pdf.
[7]Mining Ideas for the Canadian Minerals and Metals Plan:ADiscussion Paper[EB/OL].(2018-03-07)[2019-04-15].https://www.minescanada.ca/sites/default/files/cmmp_discussionpaper_march-7-2018-final-eng.pdf.
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[9]BACON,C.A.;PEMBERTON,J.2012.Mineral Exploration Code of Practice(Fifth Edition).Mineral Resources Tasmania:Hobart.ISBN 978-0-7246-4023-2.
[10]CSIRO.Mining equipment,technology and services:a Roadmap for unlocking future growth opportunities for Australia[R].2017.5.
[11]The future of raw material exploration in the EU INFACT-Innovative,Non-Invasive and Fully Acceptable Exploration Technologies[EB/OL].[2019-04-15].https://www.infactproject.eu/about-the-project/#introduction.
[12]K Sharma.Indian Mining:Vision 2030 and Beyond[R].International Conference&Expo on Mining Industry Vision2030&Beyond,2017.12.6.
[13]Schulz,K.J.,DeYoung,J.H.,Jr.,Seal,R.R.,II,and Bradley,D.C.,eds.,2017,Critical mineral resources of the United States-Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply:U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper 1802,797 p.http://doi.org/10.3133/pp1802.
[14]人民网.绿色发展引领生态文明建设新路径[EB/OL].(2017-01-03)[2019-04-15].2017-01:http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0103/c40537-28995389.html.
[15]绿色发展已成为全球环境与经济领域的趋势和潮流[J].环境保护,2010(23):1.
[16]余韵,陈甲斌.危机矿产全球研究进展初探[J].中国国土资源经济,2017,30(11):15-21.
[17]余韵.美国实施危机矿产战略行动[N].中国国土资源报,2018-04-14(06).
[18]Th e I nte rior D epart m e nt.Fin al List of Critic al Minerals2018[EB/OL].(2018-05-18)[2019-04-15].https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/05/18/2018-10667/final-list-of-critical-minerals-2018.
[19]Australia’s Critical Minerals Strategy,Commonwealth of Australia[R].2019.