秸秆还田条件下剖面土壤溶解性有机碳含量及其组分结构的变化
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摘要
为研究溶解性有机碳(DOC)在土壤剖面中的迁移分布,测定比较了秸秆还田(CT+)和秸秆不还田(CT-)条件下0～40 cm剖面土壤DOC含量及其组分的迁移分布。结果发现:DOC含量及其在土壤有机碳(SOC)中的占比量(DOC/SOC)、DOC组分中的胺类(CO-NH)和芳香族类(C=C、苯环)化合物含量、DOC的平均分子量均随土壤深度的增加呈下降趋势,0～10 cm土层土壤与30～40 cm土层土壤之间差异显著,说明DOC在淋溶过程中的含量和组成成分均会发生变化,下层土壤较上层土壤DOC含量降低、DOC分子结构趋向简单化。秸秆还田和不还田土壤相比,0～40 cm土壤DOC含量、DOC/SOC、DOC组分中的胺类和芳香族类化合物含量均表现为增加,两个处理之间差异随着土层深度的增加而缩小;同时,秸秆还田增加了DOC的平均分子量,处理间差异随土层深度的增加而增加;表明秸秆还田对剖面土壤中DOC含量及其组分转移分布具有显著影响。
Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)is regarded as one of the most important active components of soil organic carbon(SOC). Many studies have focused on the effects of field crop residue retention on DOC in topsoil. However, information regarding DOC in soil profiles is not available. To investigate DOC transfer in soil profiles after incorporation of crop residue into the topsoil, a field experiment was conducted at Yucheng Agricultural Experiment Station. The concentration and components of DOC in 0～40 cm soil profiles, in two treatments, i.e.,with/without crop residue incorporation into topsoil, were analyzed. The concentration of DOC, the DOC/SOC ratio, components with the functional amine group(CO-NH)and aromatic compounds(C=C and benzene ring), as well as the average value of molecular weights of DOC compounds in the 0～40 cm of soil with crop residue incorporation were significantly higher than those in the soil without crop residue incorporation. Moreover, all values decreased with an increase in soil depth, and the differences between at 30～40 cm and 0～10 cm were significantly different. These results indicated that both the concentration and compounds of DOC are changed during leaching from the upper layers of soil to the lower levels and are affected by crop residue management. With the increase in soil depth, the concentration of DOC decreased and the composition of DOC became simple, whereas with the increase in crop residue incorporation, the concentration of DOC increased and the composition of DOC became more complex. DOC, DOC/SOC, amines and aromatic compounds in the soil with crop residue incorporation increased compared to those in soil without crop residue incorporation in the entire 0～40 cm soil profile; however, the difference between the two treatments decreased gradually with the depth of soil. Additionally, average molecular weight of DOC was higher in the soil because of crop residue incorporation, and this difference between the two treatments was obvious in the deeper layers. The results demonstrated that crop residues had a significant effect on DOC content and its distribution in the soil profile.
Dissolved organic carbon(DOC)is regarded as one of the most important active components of soil organic carbon(SOC). Many studies have focused on the effects of field crop residue retention on DOC in topsoil. However, information regarding DOC in soil profiles is not available. To investigate DOC transfer in soil profiles after incorporation of crop residue into the topsoil, a field experiment was conducted at Yucheng Agricultural Experiment Station. The concentration and components of DOC in 0～40 cm soil profiles, in two treatments, i.e.,with/without crop residue incorporation into topsoil, were analyzed. The concentration of DOC, the DOC/SOC ratio, components with the functional amine group(CO-NH)and aromatic compounds(C=C and benzene ring), as well as the average value of molecular weights of DOC compounds in the 0～40 cm of soil with crop residue incorporation were significantly higher than those in the soil without crop residue incorporation. Moreover, all values decreased with an increase in soil depth, and the differences between at 30～40 cm and 0～10 cm were significantly different. These results indicated that both the concentration and compounds of DOC are changed during leaching from the upper layers of soil to the lower levels and are affected by crop residue management. With the increase in soil depth, the concentration of DOC decreased and the composition of DOC became simple, whereas with the increase in crop residue incorporation, the concentration of DOC increased and the composition of DOC became more complex. DOC, DOC/SOC, amines and aromatic compounds in the soil with crop residue incorporation increased compared to those in soil without crop residue incorporation in the entire 0～40 cm soil profile; however, the difference between the two treatments decreased gradually with the depth of soil. Additionally, average molecular weight of DOC was higher in the soil because of crop residue incorporation, and this difference between the two treatments was obvious in the deeper layers. The results demonstrated that crop residues had a significant effect on DOC content and its distribution in the soil profile.
引文
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