硬石膏岩膨胀特性试验及隧道抗膨胀衬砌设计
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摘要
石膏质岩的膨胀机理复杂,膨胀时间漫长,其膨胀力对隧道支护结构破坏性极强。本文采用室内试验方法研究了硬石膏岩的膨胀力学特性,得出膨胀应力应变曲线为凹形函数,膨胀应变时间曲线为"S"型函数,膨胀应力时间曲线为指数型函数等规律。基于试验结果提出了可考虑时间效应的硬石膏岩膨胀变形计算公式,进而建立硬石膏岩隧道围岩膨胀变形、膨胀应力及时间的关系,用以描述隧道修建过程中膨胀应力应变的动态变化。并提出一种新型石膏质岩隧道抗膨胀衬砌设计,从主动和被动两个方面减缓石膏岩遇水致膨胀对衬砌结构的影响,为类似工程提供借鉴与思考。
The expansion time of gypsum rock is long and the expansion mechanism is complicated. The expansion force of the gypsum rock is extremely destructive to the tunnel support structure. The swelling mechanics characteristics of anhydrite gypsum studied by indoor experiment. It is concluded that expansion stress-strain shows as concave function,expansion strain-time curve shows as"S"shape functionstress-time curve shows as the exponential function. Based on the experimental results, the calculation formula of the hardened gypsum rock expansion deformation considering the time effect is put forward,and the relationship the swelling deformation,the expansion stress and the time of the surrounding rock of the anhydrite channel is established. The calculation formula can be used to describe the dynamic changes of the expanding stress and strain in the process of tunnel construction. A newanti-expansion lining design,from active and passive aspects,is put forward to reduce the impact of gypsum water on the expansion of the lining structure.This paper provides reference and reflection for similar projects.
The expansion time of gypsum rock is long and the expansion mechanism is complicated. The expansion force of the gypsum rock is extremely destructive to the tunnel support structure. The swelling mechanics characteristics of anhydrite gypsum studied by indoor experiment. It is concluded that expansion stress-strain shows as concave function,expansion strain-time curve shows as"S"shape functionstress-time curve shows as the exponential function. Based on the experimental results, the calculation formula of the hardened gypsum rock expansion deformation considering the time effect is put forward,and the relationship the swelling deformation,the expansion stress and the time of the surrounding rock of the anhydrite channel is established. The calculation formula can be used to describe the dynamic changes of the expanding stress and strain in the process of tunnel construction. A newanti-expansion lining design,from active and passive aspects,is put forward to reduce the impact of gypsum water on the expansion of the lining structure.This paper provides reference and reflection for similar projects.
引文
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[6]陈钒,蒲文明,王永庆,等.礼让隧道石膏岩段防排水措施分析[J].铁道建筑技术,2016(2):49-53.(Chen Fan,Pu Wenming,Wang Yongqing,et al.Water proof and drainage measures of Li Rang tunnel in gypsum section[J].Railway Construction Technology,2016(2):49-53.(in Chinese))
[7]汪灿.含石膏质隧道围岩工程特性及其对隧道支护结构作用研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.(Wang Can.Study on engineering characteristics of surrounding rock of tunnel with gypsum and its effect on tunnel supporting structure[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2012.(in Chinese))
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[9]Zanbak C,Arthur R C.Geochemical and engineering aspects of anhydrite/gypsum phase transitions[J].Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists,1986,23(4):419-433.
[10]Davison L R,Atkinson J H.Conrinuous loading oedometer testing of soils[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics,1990,23(4):347-355.
[11]Evju C,Hansen S.The kinetics of ettringite formation and dilatation in a blended cement with betahemihydrate and anhydrite as calcium sulfate[J].Journal of Structural Biology,2004,35(12):2310-2321.
[12]Azam S.Study on the geological and engineering aspects of anhydrite/gypsum transition in the Arabian Gulf coastal deposits[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(2):177-185.
[13]刘艳敏,余宏明,汪灿,.白云岩层中硬石膏岩对隧道结构危害机制研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2704-2708.(Liu Yanmin,Yu Hongming,Wang Can,et al.Study on damage mechanism of anhydrite gypsum to tunnel structure in dolomite[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2704-2708.(in Chinese))
[14]任松,邓高岭,吴建勋,等.石膏岩淡水浸泡软化试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(4):943-950.(Ren Song,Deng Gaoling,Wu Jianxun,et al.Immersion tests on gypsum rocks using fresh water[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2017,38(4):943-950.(in Chinese))
[15]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTG D70-2014)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.(Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China.Code for design of road tunnel(JTG D70-2014)[S].Beijing:China Communication Press,2014.(in Chinese))
[2]贺桂成,李玉兰,丁德馨.不同高径比石膏试样强度与尺寸效应的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(6):1464-1470.(He Guicheng,Li Yulan,Ding Dexin.Experimental investigation on strength and size effect of the gypsum samplein different height to diameter ratios[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(6):1464-1470.(in Chinese))
[3]许崇帮,王华牢,汪成兵,等.石膏岩地区隧道病害成因分析及处治措施[J].公路隧道,2015(2):38-42.(Xu Chongbang,Wang Hualao,Wang Chengbing,et al.Geological analysis and treatment measures of tunnel disease in gypsum rock area[J].Highway Tunnel,2015(2):38-42.(in Chinese))
[4]祝艳波,吴银亮,余宏明.隧道石膏质围岩溶蚀及溶出特性试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2016,53(1):28-37.(Zhu Yanbo,Wu Yinliang,Yu Hongming.Experimental research on corrosion and leaching characteristics of gypsumrock surrounding tunnels[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2016,53(1):28-37.(in Chinese))
[5]邓高岭.礼让隧道石膏质围岩软化机理及模型研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.(Deng Gaoling.Research on softening mechanism and model of gypsum surrounding rock in Lirang tunnel[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.(in Chinese))
[6]陈钒,蒲文明,王永庆,等.礼让隧道石膏岩段防排水措施分析[J].铁道建筑技术,2016(2):49-53.(Chen Fan,Pu Wenming,Wang Yongqing,et al.Water proof and drainage measures of Li Rang tunnel in gypsum section[J].Railway Construction Technology,2016(2):49-53.(in Chinese))
[7]汪灿.含石膏质隧道围岩工程特性及其对隧道支护结构作用研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.(Wang Can.Study on engineering characteristics of surrounding rock of tunnel with gypsum and its effect on tunnel supporting structure[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2012.(in Chinese))
[8]魏玉峰,聂德新.第三系红层中石膏溶蚀特性及其对工程的影响[J].水文地质工程地质,2005,32(2):62-64.(Wei Yufeng,Nie Dexin.Gypsum dissolution characteristics in Tertiary red beds and its influence on engineering[J].Hydrology&Geoengineering Geology,2005,32(2):62-64.(in Chinese))
[9]Zanbak C,Arthur R C.Geochemical and engineering aspects of anhydrite/gypsum phase transitions[J].Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists,1986,23(4):419-433.
[10]Davison L R,Atkinson J H.Conrinuous loading oedometer testing of soils[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics,1990,23(4):347-355.
[11]Evju C,Hansen S.The kinetics of ettringite formation and dilatation in a blended cement with betahemihydrate and anhydrite as calcium sulfate[J].Journal of Structural Biology,2004,35(12):2310-2321.
[12]Azam S.Study on the geological and engineering aspects of anhydrite/gypsum transition in the Arabian Gulf coastal deposits[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(2):177-185.
[13]刘艳敏,余宏明,汪灿,.白云岩层中硬石膏岩对隧道结构危害机制研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2704-2708.(Liu Yanmin,Yu Hongming,Wang Can,et al.Study on damage mechanism of anhydrite gypsum to tunnel structure in dolomite[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2704-2708.(in Chinese))
[14]任松,邓高岭,吴建勋,等.石膏岩淡水浸泡软化试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(4):943-950.(Ren Song,Deng Gaoling,Wu Jianxun,et al.Immersion tests on gypsum rocks using fresh water[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2017,38(4):943-950.(in Chinese))
[15]中华人民共和国交通部.公路隧道设计规范(JTG D70-2014)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2014.(Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China.Code for design of road tunnel(JTG D70-2014)[S].Beijing:China Communication Press,2014.(in Chinese))