岩爆倾向条件下阶段空场胶结充填采矿法采场结构参数确定及应用
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摘要
针对小厂坝矿区的矿岩特点和深部回采区域岩爆倾向性特征,确定采用阶段空场胶结充填采矿法。通过对开采后的应力分布规律分析,确定了沿走向布置矿块,并以切割槽的形成为手段,改变围岩和矿体中的应力场分布状态,实现了卸压开采。通过矿岩物理力学分析和理论计算,确定了小厂坝矿区岩爆区域分段凿岩阶段空场的矿房跨度、顶板厚度、间柱宽度分别为40 m、6 m、10 m。通过对原设计底部结构形式的优化,提高了出矿效率,增大了底柱的厚度,提高了作业的安全性。应用实践表明,岩爆倾向条件下采场结构参数的优化,有效防止了地压灾害、提高了生产效率,保证了生产安全,经济和社会效益显著。
For ore-rock characteristics in Xiaochangba mining area and the rock-burst tendency characteristics in the deep mining zone,the bench open stoping with subsequent cemented backfill was selected. According to analysis of the stress distribution rule after mining,the block layout was determined to be along the strike; and by the means of cutting grooves formation,the surrounding rock and the stress field distribution in the ore body were changed and pressure relief mining was realized; through theoretical calculation and ore-rock mechanical analysis,the reasonable ore room span,roof thickness and the distance between columns of sectioned drilling and bench open stoping in the rock burst area of Xiaochangba mining area were determined to be 40 m,6 m,10 m respectively. Through the optimization of original stope bottom structure,mining efficiency,thickness of sill pillar and operation security were improved. Application practice shows that optimization of stope structure parameters in rock-burst tendency can effectively prevent ground pressure disasters,improve production efficiency and ensure safe operation,creating significant economic and social benefits.
For ore-rock characteristics in Xiaochangba mining area and the rock-burst tendency characteristics in the deep mining zone,the bench open stoping with subsequent cemented backfill was selected. According to analysis of the stress distribution rule after mining,the block layout was determined to be along the strike; and by the means of cutting grooves formation,the surrounding rock and the stress field distribution in the ore body were changed and pressure relief mining was realized; through theoretical calculation and ore-rock mechanical analysis,the reasonable ore room span,roof thickness and the distance between columns of sectioned drilling and bench open stoping in the rock burst area of Xiaochangba mining area were determined to be 40 m,6 m,10 m respectively. Through the optimization of original stope bottom structure,mining efficiency,thickness of sill pillar and operation security were improved. Application practice shows that optimization of stope structure parameters in rock-burst tendency can effectively prevent ground pressure disasters,improve production efficiency and ensure safe operation,creating significant economic and social benefits.
引文
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[2]曹哓平.湖南某矿山井下深部开采特殊安全技术问题分析[J].湖南有色金属,2010,26(3):10-12.
[3]牛勇,李克钢.房柱采矿法采场结构参数优化理论研究及应用[J].黄金科学技术,2015,23(6):75-80.
[4]解世俊.金属矿山地下开采[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1984.
[5]李俊平,连明杰.矿山岩石力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.
[6]赵文.岩石力学[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2010.
[7]张敏思,朱万成,侯召松,等.空区顶板安全厚度和临界跨度确定的数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(4):543-548.
[8]刘金海,曹允钦,魏振全,等.深井厚煤层采空区迎采动隔离煤柱合理宽度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):4 269-4 277.
[9]许宏亮,刘召胜,石露,等.用Mathews稳定图法与数值分析法优化充填开采矿山采场结构参数[J].金属矿山,2015(12):19-23.