母婴皮肤接触方法及实施现状
摘要
目的总结母婴皮肤接触的实施方法和现状。方法从母婴皮肤接触的临床意义、具体实施方法、国内外应用情况等方面进行综述。结果产后早期母婴皮肤接触不仅有利于促进产妇泌乳,还可促进新生儿生理功能的发展。母婴皮肤接触可应用于阴道分娩新生儿、剖宫产新生儿及早产儿监护室中的新生儿。结论在新生儿生命体征稳定的情况下,无论足月与否,无论是阴道分娩还是剖宫产,均应尽早开始母婴皮肤接触。实施前要加强对产妇,尤其是初产妇的培训指导,实施过程中做好对母婴的观察和监测,在保证安全的前提下充分发挥母婴皮肤接触的积极作用。
引文
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[6]黄蓉,侯燕文,刘宏,等.早期母婴皮肤接触1小时对初产妇产后6个月母乳喂养的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(12):1420-1424.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2015.12.002.
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[8]Mahmood I,Jamal M,Khan N.Effect of Mother-infant Early Skin-to-skin Contact on Breastfeeding Status:A Randomized Controlled Trial[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2011,21(10):601-605.DOI:10.2011/JCPSP.601605.
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[12]Chiu S H,Chiu S H,Anderson G C,et al.Skin-to-skin Contact for Culturally Diverse Women Having Breastfeeding Difficulties during Early Postpartum[J].Breastfeed Med,2008,3(4):231-237.DOI:10.1089/bfm.2008.0111.
[13]Aghdas K,Talat K,Sepideh B.Effect of Immediate and Continuous Mother-infant Skin-to-skin Contact on Breastfeeding Self-efficacy of Primiparous Women:A Randomised Control Trial[J].Women Birth,2014,27(1):37-40.DOI:10.1016/j.wombi.2013.09.004.
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[17]Dumas L,Lepage M,Bystrova K,et al.Influence of Skinto-skin Contact and Rooming-in on Early Mother-infant Interaction:a Randomized Controlled Trial[J].Clin Nurs Res,2013,22(3):310-336.DOI:10.1177/1054773812468316.
[18]Moran-Peters J A,Zauderer C R,Goldman S,et al.AQuality Improvement Project Focused on Women’s Perceptions of Skin-to-skin Contact after Cesarean Birth[J].Nurs Womens Health,2014,18(4):294-303.DOI:10.1111/1751-486X.12135.
[19]Sundin C S,Mazac L B.Implementing Skin-to-skin Care in the Operating Room after Cesarean Birth[J].MCN Am JMatern Child Nurs,2015,40(4):249-255.DOI:10.1097/NMC0000000000000142.
[20]Xie R H,Lei J,Wang S,et al.Cesarean Section and Postpartum Depression in a Cohort of Chinese Women with a High Cesarean Delivery Rate[J].J Womens Health(Larchmt),2011,20(12):1881-1886.DOI:10.1089/jwh.2011.2842.
[21]Crenshaw J T,Cadwell K,Brimdyr K,et al.Use of a Videoethnographic Intervention(PRECESS Immersion Method)to Improve Skin-to-skin Care and Breastfeeding Rates[J].Breastfeed Med,2012,7(2):69-78.DOI:10.1089/bfm.20110040.
[22]Bigelow A,Power M,MacLellan-Peters J,et a1.Effect of Mother/infant Skin-to-skin Contact on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Maternal Physiological Stress[J].JObstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs,2012,41(3):369-382.DOI:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2012.01350.x.
[23]Yuksel B,Ital I,Balaban O,et al.Immediate Breastfeeding and Skin-to-skin Contact during Cesarean Section Decreases Maternal Oxidative Stress,a Prospective Randomized Case-controlled Study[J].J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2016,29(16):2691-2696.DOI:10.3109/14767058.20151101447.
[24]Grummer-Strawn L M,Zehner E,Stahlhofer M,et al.New World Health Organization Guidance Helps Protect Breastfeeding as a Human Right[J].Matern Child Nutr,2017,13(4):e12491.DOI:10.1111/mcn.12491.
[25]Gomez-Pomar E,Blubaugh R.The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative and the Ten Steps for Successful Breastfeeding:ACritical Review of the Literature[J].J Perinatol,2018,38(6):623-632.DOI:10.1038/s41372-018-0068-0.
[26]Stevens J,Schmied V,Burns E,et al.Immediate or Early Skin-to-skin Contact after a Caesarean Section:A Review of the Literature[J].Matern Child Nutr,2014,10(4):456-473.DOI:10.1111/mcn.12128.
[27]ANON.Immediate and Sustained Skin-to-Skin Contact for the Healthy Term Newborn after Birth:AWHONN Practice Brief Number 5[J].Nurs Womens Health,2017,20(6):614-616.DOI:10.1016/s1751-4851(16)30331-2.
[28]World Health Organization.Early Essential Newborn Care:Clinical Practice Pocket Guide[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2016:1-35.
[29]中华医学会围产医学分会,中华护理学会妇产科专业委员会,中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心.新生儿早期基本保健技术的临床实施建议(2017年北京)[J].中华围产医学杂志,2017,20(9):625-629.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-9408.2017.09.001.
[30]Andres V,Garcia P,Rimet Y,et al.Apparent Life-threatening Events in Presumably Healthy Newborns during Early Skin-to-skin Contact[J].Pediatrics,2011,127(4):e1073-e1076.DOI:10.1542/peds.2009-3095.
[31]Wagner D L,Lawrence S,Xu J,et al.Retrospective Chart Review of Skin-to-Skin Contact in the Operating Room and Administration of Analgesic and Anxiolytic Medication to Women After Cesarean Birth[J].Nurs Womens Health,2018,22(2):116-125.DOI:10.1016/j.nwh.2018.02.005.
[32]Guala A,Boscardini L,Visentin R,et al.Skin-to-Skin Contact in Cesarean Birth and Duration of Breastfeeding:ACohort Study[J].Scientific World Journal,2017,2017:1940756.DOI:10.1155/2017/1940756.
[33]Boyd M M.Implementing Skin-to-Skin Contact for Cesarean Birth[J].AORN J,2017,105(6):579-592.DOI:10.1016/j.aorn.2017.04.003.
[34]Hubbard J M,Gattman K R.Parent-Infant Skin-to-Skin Contact Following Birth:History,Benefits,and Challenges[J].Neonatal Netw,2017,36(2):89-97.DOI:10.1891/0730-0832.36.2.89.
[35]Jones H,Santamaria N.An Observational Cohort Study Examining the Effect of the Duration of Skin-to-Skin Contact on the Physiological Parameters of the Neonate in a Neonatal Intensive Special Care Unit[J].Adv Neonatal Care,2018,18(3):208-214.DOI:10.1097/ANC.0000000000000485.
[36]Maastrup R,Weis J,Engsig A B,et al.‘Now She Has Become My Daughter’:Parents’Early Experiences of Skinto-skin Contact with Extremely Preterm Infants[J].Scand JCaring Sci,2017,8(29):1-8.DOI:10.1111/scs.12478.
[37]Mrelius E,Anderson G C.Neonatal Nurses’Beliefs about almost Continuous Parent-infant Skin-to-skin Contact in Neonatal Intensive Care[J].J Clin Nurs,2015,24(17-18):2620-2627.DOI:10.1111/jocn.12877.
[38]Mrelius E,Angelhoff C,Eriksson J,et al.Time of Initiation of Skin-to-skin Contact in Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden[J].Acta Paediatr,2012,101(1):14-18.DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02398.x.
[39]Bastani F,Rajai N,Farsi Z,et al.The Effects of Kangaroo Care on the Sleep and Wake States of Preterm Infants[J].J Nurs Res,2017,25(3):231-239.DOI:10.1097/JNR.0000000000000194.
[40]Koopman I,Callaghan-Koru J A,Alaofin O,et al.Early Skin-to-skin Contact for Healthy Full-term Infants after Vaginal and Caesarean Delivery:A Qualitative Study on Clinician Perspectives[J].J Clin Nurs,2016,25(9-10):1367-1376.DOI:10.1111/jocn.13227.
[2]Hung K J,Berg O.Early Skin-to-skin after Cesarean to Improve Breastfeeding[J].MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs,2011,36(5):318-324.DOI:10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182266314.
[3]Widstr觟m A M,Lilja G,Aaltomaa-Michalias P,et al.Newborn Behaviour to Locate the Breast when Skin-to-skin:APossible Method for Enabling Early Self-regulation[J].Acta Paediatr,2011,100(1):79-85.DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01983.x.
[4]妇幼健康司.国家卫生计生委关于开展爱婴医院复核的通知[EB/OL].(2014-6-19)[2018-10-10].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/fys/s3585/201406/556c0b7673e8470f9641c28d119a9f31.shtml.
[5]高峰,陈京立,周彩峰,等.早期母婴皮肤接触对新生儿行为状态的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(12):1061-1064.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2010.12.001.
[6]黄蓉,侯燕文,刘宏,等.早期母婴皮肤接触1小时对初产妇产后6个月母乳喂养的影响[J].中华护理杂志,2015,50(12):1420-1424.DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2015.12.002.
[7]黄蓉,万宏伟,杨巾夏.早期持续皮肤接触促进初产妇母乳喂养启动的研究[J].中华现代护理杂志,2016,22(13):1787-1791.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2907.2016.13.003.
[8]Mahmood I,Jamal M,Khan N.Effect of Mother-infant Early Skin-to-skin Contact on Breastfeeding Status:A Randomized Controlled Trial[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2011,21(10):601-605.DOI:10.2011/JCPSP.601605.
[9]Bramson L,Lee J W,Moore E,et al.Effect of Early Skinto-skin Mother-infant Contact during the First 3 Hours Following Birth on Exclusive Breastfeeding during the Maternity Hospital Stay[J].J Hum Lact,2010,26(2):130-137.DOI:10.1177/0890334409355779.
[10]Marín Gabriel M A,Llana Martin I,López Escobar A,et al.Randomized Controlled Trial of Early Skin-to-skin Contact:Effects on the Mother and the Newborn[J].Acta Paediatr,2010,99(11):1630-1634.DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01597.x.
[11]Oras P,Thernstr觟m Blomqvist Y,Hedberg Nyqvist K,et al.Skin-to-skin Contact Is Associated with Earlier Breastfeeding Attainment in Preterm Infants[J].Acta Paediatr,2016,105(7):783-789.DOI:10.1111/apa.13431.
[12]Chiu S H,Chiu S H,Anderson G C,et al.Skin-to-skin Contact for Culturally Diverse Women Having Breastfeeding Difficulties during Early Postpartum[J].Breastfeed Med,2008,3(4):231-237.DOI:10.1089/bfm.2008.0111.
[13]Aghdas K,Talat K,Sepideh B.Effect of Immediate and Continuous Mother-infant Skin-to-skin Contact on Breastfeeding Self-efficacy of Primiparous Women:A Randomised Control Trial[J].Women Birth,2014,27(1):37-40.DOI:10.1016/j.wombi.2013.09.004.
[14]Jonas W,Wiklund I,Nissen E,et al.Newborn Skin Temperature Two Days Postpartum during Breastfeeding Related to Different Labour Ward Practices[J].Early Hum Dev,2007,83(1):55-62.DOI:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.05.001.
[15]Srivastava S,Gupta A,Bhatnagar A,et al.Effect of Very Early Skin to Skin Contact on Success at Breastfeeding and Preventing Early Hypothermia in Neonates[J].Indian JPublic Health,2014,58(1):22-26.DOI:10.4103/0019-557X128160.
[16]Takahashi Y,Tamakoshi K,Matsushima M,et al.Comparison of Salivary Cortisol,Heart Rate,and Oxygen Saturation between Early Skin-to-skin Contact with Different Initiation and Duration Times in Healthy,Full-term Infants[J].Early Hum Dev,2011,87(3):151-157.DOI:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.11.012.
[17]Dumas L,Lepage M,Bystrova K,et al.Influence of Skinto-skin Contact and Rooming-in on Early Mother-infant Interaction:a Randomized Controlled Trial[J].Clin Nurs Res,2013,22(3):310-336.DOI:10.1177/1054773812468316.
[18]Moran-Peters J A,Zauderer C R,Goldman S,et al.AQuality Improvement Project Focused on Women’s Perceptions of Skin-to-skin Contact after Cesarean Birth[J].Nurs Womens Health,2014,18(4):294-303.DOI:10.1111/1751-486X.12135.
[19]Sundin C S,Mazac L B.Implementing Skin-to-skin Care in the Operating Room after Cesarean Birth[J].MCN Am JMatern Child Nurs,2015,40(4):249-255.DOI:10.1097/NMC0000000000000142.
[20]Xie R H,Lei J,Wang S,et al.Cesarean Section and Postpartum Depression in a Cohort of Chinese Women with a High Cesarean Delivery Rate[J].J Womens Health(Larchmt),2011,20(12):1881-1886.DOI:10.1089/jwh.2011.2842.
[21]Crenshaw J T,Cadwell K,Brimdyr K,et al.Use of a Videoethnographic Intervention(PRECESS Immersion Method)to Improve Skin-to-skin Care and Breastfeeding Rates[J].Breastfeed Med,2012,7(2):69-78.DOI:10.1089/bfm.20110040.
[22]Bigelow A,Power M,MacLellan-Peters J,et a1.Effect of Mother/infant Skin-to-skin Contact on Postpartum Depressive Symptoms and Maternal Physiological Stress[J].JObstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs,2012,41(3):369-382.DOI:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2012.01350.x.
[23]Yuksel B,Ital I,Balaban O,et al.Immediate Breastfeeding and Skin-to-skin Contact during Cesarean Section Decreases Maternal Oxidative Stress,a Prospective Randomized Case-controlled Study[J].J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2016,29(16):2691-2696.DOI:10.3109/14767058.20151101447.
[24]Grummer-Strawn L M,Zehner E,Stahlhofer M,et al.New World Health Organization Guidance Helps Protect Breastfeeding as a Human Right[J].Matern Child Nutr,2017,13(4):e12491.DOI:10.1111/mcn.12491.
[25]Gomez-Pomar E,Blubaugh R.The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative and the Ten Steps for Successful Breastfeeding:ACritical Review of the Literature[J].J Perinatol,2018,38(6):623-632.DOI:10.1038/s41372-018-0068-0.
[26]Stevens J,Schmied V,Burns E,et al.Immediate or Early Skin-to-skin Contact after a Caesarean Section:A Review of the Literature[J].Matern Child Nutr,2014,10(4):456-473.DOI:10.1111/mcn.12128.
[27]ANON.Immediate and Sustained Skin-to-Skin Contact for the Healthy Term Newborn after Birth:AWHONN Practice Brief Number 5[J].Nurs Womens Health,2017,20(6):614-616.DOI:10.1016/s1751-4851(16)30331-2.
[28]World Health Organization.Early Essential Newborn Care:Clinical Practice Pocket Guide[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2016:1-35.
[29]中华医学会围产医学分会,中华护理学会妇产科专业委员会,中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心.新生儿早期基本保健技术的临床实施建议(2017年北京)[J].中华围产医学杂志,2017,20(9):625-629.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-9408.2017.09.001.
[30]Andres V,Garcia P,Rimet Y,et al.Apparent Life-threatening Events in Presumably Healthy Newborns during Early Skin-to-skin Contact[J].Pediatrics,2011,127(4):e1073-e1076.DOI:10.1542/peds.2009-3095.
[31]Wagner D L,Lawrence S,Xu J,et al.Retrospective Chart Review of Skin-to-Skin Contact in the Operating Room and Administration of Analgesic and Anxiolytic Medication to Women After Cesarean Birth[J].Nurs Womens Health,2018,22(2):116-125.DOI:10.1016/j.nwh.2018.02.005.
[32]Guala A,Boscardini L,Visentin R,et al.Skin-to-Skin Contact in Cesarean Birth and Duration of Breastfeeding:ACohort Study[J].Scientific World Journal,2017,2017:1940756.DOI:10.1155/2017/1940756.
[33]Boyd M M.Implementing Skin-to-Skin Contact for Cesarean Birth[J].AORN J,2017,105(6):579-592.DOI:10.1016/j.aorn.2017.04.003.
[34]Hubbard J M,Gattman K R.Parent-Infant Skin-to-Skin Contact Following Birth:History,Benefits,and Challenges[J].Neonatal Netw,2017,36(2):89-97.DOI:10.1891/0730-0832.36.2.89.
[35]Jones H,Santamaria N.An Observational Cohort Study Examining the Effect of the Duration of Skin-to-Skin Contact on the Physiological Parameters of the Neonate in a Neonatal Intensive Special Care Unit[J].Adv Neonatal Care,2018,18(3):208-214.DOI:10.1097/ANC.0000000000000485.
[36]Maastrup R,Weis J,Engsig A B,et al.‘Now She Has Become My Daughter’:Parents’Early Experiences of Skinto-skin Contact with Extremely Preterm Infants[J].Scand JCaring Sci,2017,8(29):1-8.DOI:10.1111/scs.12478.
[37]Mrelius E,Anderson G C.Neonatal Nurses’Beliefs about almost Continuous Parent-infant Skin-to-skin Contact in Neonatal Intensive Care[J].J Clin Nurs,2015,24(17-18):2620-2627.DOI:10.1111/jocn.12877.
[38]Mrelius E,Angelhoff C,Eriksson J,et al.Time of Initiation of Skin-to-skin Contact in Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden[J].Acta Paediatr,2012,101(1):14-18.DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02398.x.
[39]Bastani F,Rajai N,Farsi Z,et al.The Effects of Kangaroo Care on the Sleep and Wake States of Preterm Infants[J].J Nurs Res,2017,25(3):231-239.DOI:10.1097/JNR.0000000000000194.
[40]Koopman I,Callaghan-Koru J A,Alaofin O,et al.Early Skin-to-skin Contact for Healthy Full-term Infants after Vaginal and Caesarean Delivery:A Qualitative Study on Clinician Perspectives[J].J Clin Nurs,2016,25(9-10):1367-1376.DOI:10.1111/jocn.13227.