基于ME-Tennant法的河道生态流量过程评价模型研究
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摘要
针对中小型河流引水式水电站下游减脱水河段的生态修复问题,总结了5种常用的生态流量过程计算方法,将物元分析法(Matter Element Analysis)与Tennant法耦合,提出了ME-Tennant河流生态流量过程评价模型。以湖南省刘家坪水电站为例,应用该模型对不同方法计算出来的生态流量过程进行评价,最终以NGPRP法和年内展布法的计算结果确定最小生态流量过程,以2种不同保证率下的逐月频率法计算结果确定适宜生态流量过程,结果符合研究流域的生态水文特征。研究为推求河道生态流量过程提供了新思路,也为水电站下游减脱水河段的生态修复提供了参考。
In view of the ecological restoration problem of dehydrated river reaches in the downstream of diversiontype hydropower station in medium and small watersheds,five methods of calculating ecological flow are summarized. A model which couples Matter Element( ME) Analysis and Tennant method to evaluate river ecological flow process is proposed. Liujiaping Hydropower Station in Hunan Province is taken as a case study. The proposed METennant model is adopted to evaluate the ecological flow process calculated by different methods. The minimum ecological flow process is determined by the NGPRP( Northern Great Plains Resource Program) method and the dynamic calculation method,while the appropriate ecological flow process is determined by the monthly frequency method with two different guarantee rates. Both results are in accordance with the hydrological ecological characteristics of the watershed. The study intends to provide a new idea for determining the ecological flow process,and offer reference for the ecological restoration of dehydrated river reaches.
In view of the ecological restoration problem of dehydrated river reaches in the downstream of diversiontype hydropower station in medium and small watersheds,five methods of calculating ecological flow are summarized. A model which couples Matter Element( ME) Analysis and Tennant method to evaluate river ecological flow process is proposed. Liujiaping Hydropower Station in Hunan Province is taken as a case study. The proposed METennant model is adopted to evaluate the ecological flow process calculated by different methods. The minimum ecological flow process is determined by the NGPRP( Northern Great Plains Resource Program) method and the dynamic calculation method,while the appropriate ecological flow process is determined by the monthly frequency method with two different guarantee rates. Both results are in accordance with the hydrological ecological characteristics of the watershed. The study intends to provide a new idea for determining the ecological flow process,and offer reference for the ecological restoration of dehydrated river reaches.
引文
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[2]张强,崔瑛,陈永勤.基于水文学方法的珠江流域生态流量研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(8):1828-1837.
[3]石永强,左其亭.基于多种水文学法的襄阳市主要河流生态基流估算[J].中国农村水利水电,2017,(2):50-54,59.
[4]于松延,徐宗学,武玮.基于多种水文学方法估算渭河关中段生态基流[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,(增1):175-179.
[5]张丽,李丽娟,梁丽乔.流域生态需水的理论及计算研究进展[J].农业工程学报,2008,7(7):307-312.
[6]李伯森,杨彬.辽河干流生态径流过程研究[J].东北水利水电,2015,33(6):44-45.
[7]王西琴.河流生态需水理论、方法与应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[8]于龙娟,夏自强,杜晓舜.最小生态径流的内涵及计算方法研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(1):18-22.
[9]潘扎荣,阮晓红,徐静.河道基本生态需水的年内展布计算法[J].水利学报,2013,44(1):119-126.
[10]王煌,周买春,李思颖,等.基于水文模拟计算山区小水电站减脱水河段生态需水量的水文学方法及静水域生态补水机制[J].水力发电学报,2015,34(3):29-37.
[11]陈竹青.长江中下游生态径流过程的分析计算[D].南京:河海大学,2005.
[12]李捷,夏自强,马广慧,等.河流生态径流计算的逐月频率计算法[J].生态学报,2007,27(7):2916-2921.
[13]TENNANT D L.Instream Flow Regimens for Fish,Wildlife,Recreation and Related Environmental Resources[J].Fisheries,1976,1(4):6-10.
[14]徐志侠,董增川,周健康,等.生态需水计算的蒙大拿法及其应用[J].水利水电技术,2003,(11):15-17.
[15]张玫,贾新平,魏洪涛.南水北调西线一期工程调水地区河道内生态环境需水的分析与计量[J].资源科学,2005,(4):180-184.
[16]郑志宏,张泽中,黄强,等.生态需水量计算Tennant法的改进及应用[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(2):34-39,57.
[17]陈南祥,张丹,蒋晓辉.基于改进Tennant法的花园口生态径流量计算[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2011,32(6):23-25.
[18]蔡文.物元分析[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,1987.
[19]付晓敏,方国华,黄显峰.城市水生态文明建设协调度评价---以马鞍山市为例[J].南水北调与水利科技,2016,14(2):21-25.