基于EMTP的10 kV配电线路雷电感应跳闸率计算
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摘要
雷电感应过电压导致的10 k V配电线路跳闸事故十分频繁,需要合理计算线路雷电感应跳闸率并采取针对性防护措施。利用EMTP中的MODEL模块编程计算线路雷电感应过电压,建立线路模型考虑线路闪络跳闸情况,利用区间统计法求取配电线路雷电感应跳闸率,分析线路工频电压对感应跳闸率的影响,最后讨论安装避雷器的防护效果。分析结果表明:配电线路三相感应过电压波形较为类似,过电压幅值相差不大;雷击点距离线路越近,感应过电压可能引发的线路跳闸次数越多;线路工作电压对雷电感应跳闸率的影响很小,基本可以忽略。安装避雷器可以降低雷电感应跳闸率,每基杆塔安装避雷器的相数越多,避雷器安装间隔越密,防护效果越明显。
Trip faults of 10 k V distribution lines caused by lightning-induced overvoltage occur frequently,It is necessary to reasonably calculate the lightning-induced tripping rate of the line and taketargeted protective measures. Lightning-induced overvoltage is calculated by means of model in EMTP.Equivalent circuit of 10 k V distribution line is also established to consider line flash tripping. The interval-statistic method is used to obtain the lightning-induced tripping rate of the distribution line,and theinfluence of line frequency voltage on the induction trip rate is analyzed. Finally,the protection effect ofthe lightning arrester is discussed. The analysis results show that the three-phase induction overvoltagewaveforms of the distribution line are similar,and the overvoltage amplitude is not much different;thecloser the lightning strike point is to the line,the more line tripping times may be caused by induced over-voltage;The operating voltage of the line has little effect on the lightning-induced tripping rate and canbe basically ignored. The installation of lightning arresters can reduce the lightning induced tripping rate.The more phases are installed in each base tower,the denser the installation interval of arresters,the more obvious the protective effect.
Trip faults of 10 k V distribution lines caused by lightning-induced overvoltage occur frequently,It is necessary to reasonably calculate the lightning-induced tripping rate of the line and taketargeted protective measures. Lightning-induced overvoltage is calculated by means of model in EMTP.Equivalent circuit of 10 k V distribution line is also established to consider line flash tripping. The interval-statistic method is used to obtain the lightning-induced tripping rate of the distribution line,and theinfluence of line frequency voltage on the induction trip rate is analyzed. Finally,the protection effect ofthe lightning arrester is discussed. The analysis results show that the three-phase induction overvoltagewaveforms of the distribution line are similar,and the overvoltage amplitude is not much different;thecloser the lightning strike point is to the line,the more line tripping times may be caused by induced over-voltage;The operating voltage of the line has little effect on the lightning-induced tripping rate and canbe basically ignored. The installation of lightning arresters can reduce the lightning induced tripping rate.The more phases are installed in each base tower,the denser the installation interval of arresters,the more obvious the protective effect.
引文
[1]吴广宁.过电压防护的理论与技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015.
[2]何金良,曾嵘.配电线路雷电防护[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.
[3]横山茂.配电线路雷害对策[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2008.
[4]陈思明,唐军,陈小平.根据电气几何模型对10k V配电线路雷击跳闸率的计算分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013,4:111-116.CHEN Siming,TANG Jun,CHEN Xiaoping.Calculation analysis on lightning strike trip-out rate of 10k V distribution line with electric geometry method[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(4):111-116.
[5]VILSON Luiz Coelho,ADROALDO Raizer,JOSéOsvaldo Saldanha Paulino.Analysis of the lightning performance of overhead distribution lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(3):1706-1712.
[6]张继伟,文立菊.三明市10 k V配电线路防雷分析与改进[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(4):78-82.ZHANG Jiwei,WEN Liju.Analysis and improvement of lightning protection for 10k V distribution line in sanming city[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(4):78-82.
[7]GB50064-2014,交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合设计规范[S].
[8]RUSCK S.Induced-lightning overvoltages on power transmission lines with special reference to the overvoltage protection of low voltage networks[J].Trans of Royal Institute of Technology,1958,8(1-2):11-21.
[9]IEEE Std.1410-2010.IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power Overhead Distribution Lines[S].
[10]王铁街.低压架空线路雷电感应过电压计算[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2011,44(6):761-764.WANG Tiejie.Calculation of lightning-induced overvoltage on low-voltage overhead power lines[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2011,44(6):761-764.
[11]余占清,曾嵘,王绍安,等.配电线路雷电感应过电压仿真计算分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):415-422.YU Zhanqing,ZENGRong,WANGShao’an,et al.Simulation calculation and analysis of lightning induced overvoltage on power distribution lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(2):415-422.
[12]李云阁.ATP-EMTP及其在电力系统中的应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.
[13]FREDERICK M.Tesche,Michel V.Ianoz,Torbjorn Karlsson.EMC分析方法与计算模型[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2009.
[14]COORAY V.Calculating lightning-induced overvoltages in power lines.A comparison of two coupling models[J].IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,1994,36(3):179-182.
[15]张玉凤,张鹏,李帅.风机塔筒的雷电电磁场屏蔽效能分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(4):42-46.ZHANG Yufeng,ZHANG Peng,LI Shuai.Analysis of lightning electromagnetic field shielding effectiveness of wind turbine towers[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(4):42-46.
[16]KR H.Calculation of Lightning-induced voltages in models including lossy ground effects[C].International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST 2003),2003,1-6.
[17]刘健,杨仲江,华荣强.10 k V配电线路采用避雷器防护研究[J].高压电器,2017(9):181-185.LIU Jian,YANG Zhongjiang,HUA Rongqian.Study on application of line surge arresters to 10 k V distribution line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(9):181-185.
[18]BROWN G W,WHITEHEAD E R.Field and analytical studies of transmission line shielding II[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus Systems,1969,88(5):617-626.
[19]ERIKSSON A J.An improved electro geometric model for transmission line shielding analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1987,2(3):871-886.
[20]何金良,赵杰,M.Nayel,等.导线电压对电气几何模型的雷电击距的影响[J].南方电网技术,2007,1(1):20-25.HE Jinliang,ZHAOJie,M.Nayel,et al.Influence of conductor voltage on the striking distance of electrogeometricmodel[J].Southern Power System Technology,2007,1(1):20-25.
[2]何金良,曾嵘.配电线路雷电防护[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.
[3]横山茂.配电线路雷害对策[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2008.
[4]陈思明,唐军,陈小平.根据电气几何模型对10k V配电线路雷击跳闸率的计算分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013,4:111-116.CHEN Siming,TANG Jun,CHEN Xiaoping.Calculation analysis on lightning strike trip-out rate of 10k V distribution line with electric geometry method[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(4):111-116.
[5]VILSON Luiz Coelho,ADROALDO Raizer,JOSéOsvaldo Saldanha Paulino.Analysis of the lightning performance of overhead distribution lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,25(3):1706-1712.
[6]张继伟,文立菊.三明市10 k V配电线路防雷分析与改进[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(4):78-82.ZHANG Jiwei,WEN Liju.Analysis and improvement of lightning protection for 10k V distribution line in sanming city[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(4):78-82.
[7]GB50064-2014,交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合设计规范[S].
[8]RUSCK S.Induced-lightning overvoltages on power transmission lines with special reference to the overvoltage protection of low voltage networks[J].Trans of Royal Institute of Technology,1958,8(1-2):11-21.
[9]IEEE Std.1410-2010.IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power Overhead Distribution Lines[S].
[10]王铁街.低压架空线路雷电感应过电压计算[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2011,44(6):761-764.WANG Tiejie.Calculation of lightning-induced overvoltage on low-voltage overhead power lines[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2011,44(6):761-764.
[11]余占清,曾嵘,王绍安,等.配电线路雷电感应过电压仿真计算分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):415-422.YU Zhanqing,ZENGRong,WANGShao’an,et al.Simulation calculation and analysis of lightning induced overvoltage on power distribution lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(2):415-422.
[12]李云阁.ATP-EMTP及其在电力系统中的应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2016.
[13]FREDERICK M.Tesche,Michel V.Ianoz,Torbjorn Karlsson.EMC分析方法与计算模型[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2009.
[14]COORAY V.Calculating lightning-induced overvoltages in power lines.A comparison of two coupling models[J].IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,1994,36(3):179-182.
[15]张玉凤,张鹏,李帅.风机塔筒的雷电电磁场屏蔽效能分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(4):42-46.ZHANG Yufeng,ZHANG Peng,LI Shuai.Analysis of lightning electromagnetic field shielding effectiveness of wind turbine towers[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(4):42-46.
[16]KR H.Calculation of Lightning-induced voltages in models including lossy ground effects[C].International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST 2003),2003,1-6.
[17]刘健,杨仲江,华荣强.10 k V配电线路采用避雷器防护研究[J].高压电器,2017(9):181-185.LIU Jian,YANG Zhongjiang,HUA Rongqian.Study on application of line surge arresters to 10 k V distribution line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017(9):181-185.
[18]BROWN G W,WHITEHEAD E R.Field and analytical studies of transmission line shielding II[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus Systems,1969,88(5):617-626.
[19]ERIKSSON A J.An improved electro geometric model for transmission line shielding analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1987,2(3):871-886.
[20]何金良,赵杰,M.Nayel,等.导线电压对电气几何模型的雷电击距的影响[J].南方电网技术,2007,1(1):20-25.HE Jinliang,ZHAOJie,M.Nayel,et al.Influence of conductor voltage on the striking distance of electrogeometricmodel[J].Southern Power System Technology,2007,1(1):20-25.