一种高温超导变压器的优化设计:复合带宽及多间距结构（英文）
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摘要
高温超导变压器由于具有体积小,交流损耗低等优点而在电网中占有非常重要的作用.本文设计了一种三相1 MVA容量的混合行高温超导变压器,为10 MVA大容量的高温超导变压器的设计提供技术经验.其中,高压绕组采用常规Cu导线;低压绕组采用YBCO第二代高温超导带材,由12个饼并联绕制而成.为了优化其结构,采用了有限元分析方法,在Opera-3D中建立了"磁-路"耦合模型并进行计算.计算结果表明,低压线圈中的电流分布不均匀,导致了材料的浪费并且可能造成线圈损坏.因此,我们采用复合带宽线圈替换相同带宽的线圈,即:12根带材的宽度与其承载的电流的大小成正比.结果给出了复合带宽线圈中每个饼的电流分布情况,表明复合带宽线圈可以应用于变压器中.同时,为了提高低压线圈中电流的均一性,我们提出了多间距结构,并且将实验电流与临界电流的比值定义为电流均一度.结果显示修改后的设计有更好的电流均一性.
High temperature superconducting(HTS)transformer plays an important role in power grid for its small size and low alternating current(AC)loss.A three phase of hybrid HTS transformer with 1 MVA has been designed in the present work in order to provide technical experience for a high capacity 10 MVA HTS transformer.Cu normal conductor is wound in high-voltage(HV)windings and YBCO second-generation HTS in low-voltage(LV)windings with 12 tapes in parallel.Finite element analysis of a "field-circuit" coupled model is built in Opera-3 Dto optimize the design.The calculations show that the current is not equality in each LV coil,resulting in a waste of materials and may causing a damage of pancakes.Hence,we introduce the Multi-Width(MW)windings whose 12 tapes width is designed to be directly proportional to the current in it instead of all the same size.The simulation results of current in each pancake of MW windings are presented,demonstrating that MW tapes can be applied to transformer.Meanwhile,to improve the uniformity of current in LV windings,we propose Multi-Distance(MD)construction and define the ratio of the experiment current to its critical one as a current uniformity coefficient.The results suggest that the current is more homogeneous in the modified design.
High temperature superconducting(HTS)transformer plays an important role in power grid for its small size and low alternating current(AC)loss.A three phase of hybrid HTS transformer with 1 MVA has been designed in the present work in order to provide technical experience for a high capacity 10 MVA HTS transformer.Cu normal conductor is wound in high-voltage(HV)windings and YBCO second-generation HTS in low-voltage(LV)windings with 12 tapes in parallel.Finite element analysis of a "field-circuit" coupled model is built in Opera-3 Dto optimize the design.The calculations show that the current is not equality in each LV coil,resulting in a waste of materials and may causing a damage of pancakes.Hence,we introduce the Multi-Width(MW)windings whose 12 tapes width is designed to be directly proportional to the current in it instead of all the same size.The simulation results of current in each pancake of MW windings are presented,demonstrating that MW tapes can be applied to transformer.Meanwhile,to improve the uniformity of current in LV windings,we propose Multi-Distance(MD)construction and define the ratio of the experiment current to its critical one as a current uniformity coefficient.The results suggest that the current is more homogeneous in the modified design.
引文
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