多壁碳纳米管对微孔硅橡胶泡沫泡孔形貌及介电性能的影响
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摘要
通过超临界二氧化碳(scCO2)发泡法制备了微孔多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)/硅橡胶泡沫。探讨了多壁碳纳米管对微孔泡沫的流变性能、泡孔结构、热稳定性以及介电性能的影响。结果表明,多壁碳纳米管的引入有利于提高微孔泡沫的泡孔形貌。此外,当MWCNT含量从0增加到6.0%(质量分数)时,MWCNT/硅橡胶泡沫的初始分解温度从441～467℃。介电结果显示,这种泡沫材料的渗流阈值约为2.0%(质量分数),相应的介电常数和介电损耗分别为8.44,0.02(100Hz)。
A series of microcellular multiwall carbon nanotube(MWCNT)/silicone rubber foams were produced by supercritical foaming method.The effects of MWCNT on the rheological behavior,cellular structure,thermal and dielectric properties of microcellular silicone rubber foams were investigated.The results showed that MWCNT could improve the cellular morphology of microcellular silicone rubber foams.In addition,the onset thermal decomposition temperature of the microcellular MWCNT/silicone rubber foams increased from 441 to467℃ when the MWCNT content increased from 0 to 6.0 wt%.The percolation threshold of the foam materials was nearly 2.0 wt%,and the corresponding dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the foams could reach to 8.44 and 0.02 at 100 Hz,respectively.
A series of microcellular multiwall carbon nanotube(MWCNT)/silicone rubber foams were produced by supercritical foaming method.The effects of MWCNT on the rheological behavior,cellular structure,thermal and dielectric properties of microcellular silicone rubber foams were investigated.The results showed that MWCNT could improve the cellular morphology of microcellular silicone rubber foams.In addition,the onset thermal decomposition temperature of the microcellular MWCNT/silicone rubber foams increased from 441 to467℃ when the MWCNT content increased from 0 to 6.0 wt%.The percolation threshold of the foam materials was nearly 2.0 wt%,and the corresponding dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the foams could reach to 8.44 and 0.02 at 100 Hz,respectively.
引文
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[2] Wan J C,Zeng X,Lai X,et al.Suppression effect and mechanism of platinum and nitrogen-containing silane on the tracking and erosion of silicone rubber for high-voltage insulation[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2016,8(32):21039-21045.
[3] Berahman R,Raiati M,Mazidi M M,et al.Preparation and characterization of vulcanized silicone rubber/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites:effect of matrix hardness and HNT content[J].Materials&Design,2016,104(1):333-345.
[4] Song Y,Yu J,Yu L,et al.Enhancing the thermal,electrical,and mechanical properties of silicone rubber by addition of graphene nanoplatelets[J].Materials&Design,2015,88(1):950-957.
[5] Wang L,Ding T,Peng W.Influence of carbon black concentration on piezoresistivity for carbon-black-filled silicone rubber composite[J].Carbon,2009,47(14):3151-3157.
[6] Shit S C,Shah P.A review on silicone rubber[J].National Academy Science Letters,2013,36(4):355-365.
[7] Yazici M,Fahr P,Shukla A,et al.Development of a polymer based syntactic foam for high temperature applications[J].Acta Physica Polonica,2014,125(2):526-528.
[8] Bueche A M.Filler reinforcement of silicone rubber[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry,1957,25(109):139-149.
[9] Rhodes J L,Yacoe M.Preoperative planning for the separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins-the role of a multicomponent medical model[J].Journal of Craniofacial Surgery,2013,24(1):175-177.
[10] Grande J B,Fawcett A S,Mclaughlin A J,et al.Anhydrous formation of foamed silicone elastomers using the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction[J].Polymer,2012,53(15):3135-3142.
[11] Chru s'ciel J J,Le s'niak E.Preparation of flexible,selfextinguishing silicone foams[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2011,119(3):1696-1703.
[12] Jacobs M A,Kemmere M F,Keurentjes J T F.Foam processing of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate)rubber using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Polymer,2004,45(22):7539-7547.
[13] Abhishek G,Neelanchali A,Kumresh K G,et al.Ultrasound assisted cyclic solid-state foaming for fabricating ultra-low density porous acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene foams[J].Materials Letters,2013,94(94):76-78.
[14] Yao W,Zhu D,Liu J,et al.Silicone rubber as a novel insulating material for manufacturing cylindrical glass carbon fiber electrodes[J].Materials Letters,2012,79(23):159-162.
[15] Hong I K,Lee S.Microcellular foaming of silicone rubber with supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2014,31(1):166-171.
[16] Song L,Lu A,Feng P,et al.Preparation of silicone rubber foam using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Materials Letters,2014,121(121):126-128.
[17] Liao X,Xu H,Li S,et al.The effects of viscoelastic properties on the cellular morphology of silicone rubber foams generated by supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Rsc Advances,2015,5(129):106981-106988.
[18] Bai J,Liao X,Huang E,et al.Control of the cell structure of microcellular silicone rubber/nanographite foam for enhanced mechanical performance[J].Materials&Design,2017,(07):064.
[19] Yang L,Qiu J,Ji H,et al.Enhanced dielectric and ferroelectric properties induced by TiO2@MWCNTs nanoparticles in flexible poly(vinylidene fluoride)composites[J].Composites Part A,2014,65(10):125-134.
[20] Müller M T,Krause B,P9tschke P.A successful approach to disperse MWCNTs in polyethylene by melt mixing using polyethylene glycol as additive[J].Polymer,2012,53(15):3079-3083.
[21] Arjmand M,Mahmoodi M,Gelves G A,et al.Electrical and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of flow-induced oriented carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate[J].Carbon,2011,49(11):3430-3440.
[22] Valentini L,Puglia D,Frulloni E,et al.Dielectric behavior of epoxy matrix/single-walled carbon nanotube composites[J].Composites Science&Technology,2004,64(1):23-33.
[23] Ahmad K,Pan W,Shi S L.Electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube and alumina composites[J].Applied Physics Letters,2006,89(13):133122.1-133122.4.
[24] Zou Y,Yang J,Tang H,et al.Preparation and dielectric properties of poly(arylene ether nitrile)containing carboxyl groups/carbon nanotubes composites[J].Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics,2012,23(1):206-211.
[25] Xu X,Park C B,Xu D,et al.Effects of die geometry on cell nucleation of PS foams blown with CO2[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,2003,43(7):1378-1390.
[26] Tang W,Bai J,Liao X,et al.Carbon nanotube-reinforced silicone rubber nanocomposites and the foaming behavior in supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluids,DOI:10.1016/j.supflu.2018.01.001.
[27] Antunes M,Velasco J I.Multifunctional polymer foams with carbon nanoparticles[J].Progress in Polymer Science,2014,39(3):486-509.
[28] Liu T,Lei Y,Zhang F,et al.Microcellular crosslinked silicone rubber foams:influence of nucleation agent(polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane)on the rheological,vulcanizing,cell morphological properties[J].Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,DOI:10.1080/03602559.2017.1410845.
[29] Matuana L M,Diaz C A.Study of cell nucleation in microcellular poly(lactic acid)foamed with supercritical CO2through a continuous-extrusion process[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2010,49(5):2186-2193.
[30] Goel S K,Beckman E J.Effect of pressure and temperature on nucleation[M].Connec-ticut:Society of Plastic Sengineers Inc,1994:14-20.
[31] Yan H,Wang K,Zhao Y.Fabrication of silicone rubber foam with tailored porous Structures by Supercritical CO2[J].Macromolecular Materials&Engineering,2016,302(2):1-11.
[32] Liu P,Chen W,Jia Y,et al.A novel method to prepare microcellular poly(vinyl alcohol)foam based on thermal processing and supercritical fluid[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2017,28(3):285-292.
[33] Chen L,Goren B K,Ozisik R,et al.Controlling bubble density in MWNT/polymer nanocomposite foams by MWNT surface modification[J].Composites Science&Technology,2012,72(2):190-196.
[34] Jahed M,Naderi G,Mir H R G.Microstructure,mechanical,and rheological properties of natural rubber/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanocomposites reinforced by multi-wall carbon nanotubes[J].Polymer Composites,2016,DOI:10.1002/pc.24153.
[35] Tamura R,Lim E,Manaka T,et al.Analysis of pentacene field effect transistor as a Maxwell-Wagner effect element[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2006,100(11):114515-7.
[36] Martinelli N G,Savini M,Muccioli L,et al.An atomistic description of polymer dielectrics/pentacene interfaces:influence of electrostatic interactions on charge mobility values[J].Adv Funct Mater,2009,19(20):3254-3261.
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