厦门过海隧道超前帷幕注浆方案优化研究
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摘要
为了解决过海隧道建设过程中安全快速穿越不良地质段的问题,依托厦门地铁3号线本岛至翔安过海隧道工程,针对其不均匀软弱围岩,对超前帷幕注浆方案进行研究。针对原"99孔-25 m"设计方案存在施工效率低下的问题,通过采取以"减少钻孔、配套优化"为主的系列优化措施,确定"56孔-25 m分段前进式"超前帷幕注浆方案:1)径向加固范围为工作面及开挖轮廓线外5 m;2)纵向加固范围为25 m; 3)浆液扩散半径为1. 5 m; 4)注浆终孔间距为2. 2 m; 5)使用普通硅酸盐水泥单液浆、超细水泥-水玻璃双液浆2种注浆材料; 6)注浆终压为0. 5～1. 5 MPa。结果表明:方案优化后的扫孔效率提升至200 m/d以上,注浆效率提高3倍以上,综合施工速度平均达到1. 72 m/d,为原计划的2倍,证明了优化方案的合理性和有效性。
In order to safely and rapidly go through sections with unfavorable geological conditions during the construction of subsea tunnels,advanced curtain grouting scheme for uneven weak surrounding rock of subsea section between Xiamen Island-Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel on Xiamen Metro Line 3 is studied. The construction efficiency of the original design grouting scheme of " 99 holes and 25 m of longitudinal reinforcement range " is low,hence,it is optimized by " 56 holes,25 m of longitudinal reinforcement range and sectioned grouting ". The scheme after optimization includes:(1) The radial reinforcement range is 5 m away from the excavation face and contour line.(2)The longitudinal reinforcement range is 25 m.(3) The slurry diffusion radius is 1. 5 m.(4) The distance of end grouting hole is 2. 2 m.(5) Two kinds slurry materials,ordinary Portland cement and ultrafine cement-glass water,are used.(6) The final pressure of grouting is 0. 5-1. 5 MPa. The application results show that:(1) The efficiency of hole sweeping is improved to more than 200 m/d.(2) The grouting efficiency increases by more than 3 times.(3) The average speed of construction reaches 1. 72 m/d,which is 2 times the traditional construction speed. The rationality and effectiveness of the optimization scheme are proved.
In order to safely and rapidly go through sections with unfavorable geological conditions during the construction of subsea tunnels,advanced curtain grouting scheme for uneven weak surrounding rock of subsea section between Xiamen Island-Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel on Xiamen Metro Line 3 is studied. The construction efficiency of the original design grouting scheme of " 99 holes and 25 m of longitudinal reinforcement range " is low,hence,it is optimized by " 56 holes,25 m of longitudinal reinforcement range and sectioned grouting ". The scheme after optimization includes:(1) The radial reinforcement range is 5 m away from the excavation face and contour line.(2)The longitudinal reinforcement range is 25 m.(3) The slurry diffusion radius is 1. 5 m.(4) The distance of end grouting hole is 2. 2 m.(5) Two kinds slurry materials,ordinary Portland cement and ultrafine cement-glass water,are used.(6) The final pressure of grouting is 0. 5-1. 5 MPa. The application results show that:(1) The efficiency of hole sweeping is improved to more than 200 m/d.(2) The grouting efficiency increases by more than 3 times.(3) The average speed of construction reaches 1. 72 m/d,which is 2 times the traditional construction speed. The rationality and effectiveness of the optimization scheme are proved.
引文
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[7]王乾,王全胜.青岛胶州湾海底隧道后注浆技术研究[J].公路,2014,59(11):215.WANG Qian,WANG Quansheng.Study of post grouting technology of Qingdao Subsea Tunnel in Jiaozhou Bay[J].Highway,2014,59(11):215.
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[9]徐海廷,王全胜,孙国庆,等.厦门翔安海底隧道土石交界软弱地层全断面注浆试验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009,26(1):67.XU Haiting,WANG Quansheng,SUN Guoqing,et al.Experimental research on the full face grouting for weak stratum in soil and rock boundary for Xiamen Xiang'an Submarine Service Tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009,26(1):67.
[10]郭小红,王梦恕.厦门翔安海底隧道F1风化深槽注浆加固技术[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(9):38.GUO Xiaohong,WANG Mengshu.Study of the grouting technology adopted in F1 weathered trough for Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel[J].Engineering Science,2011,13(9):38.
[11]陈铁林,滕红军,张顶立.厦门翔安海底隧道富水砂层注浆试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊2):3711.CHEN Tielin,TENG Hongjun,ZHANG Dingli.Grouting test on water-enriched sand layer of Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S2):3711.
[12]吴生金,唐和青,孟维孝,等.厦门翔安海底隧道穿越富水砂层施工技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊2):3816.WU Shengjin,TANG Heqing,MENG Weixiao,et al.Constructing techniques of Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel across water-enriched sandy stratum[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S2):3816.
[13]张顶立,孙锋,李鹏飞.海底隧道复合注浆机制研究及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):445.ZHANG Dingli,SUN Feng,LI Pengfei.Mechanism of composite grouting in subsea tunnel and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):445.
[14]薛翊国,李术才,赵岩,等.青岛胶州湾海底隧道F4-4含水断层注浆前后TSP探测分析[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2009,39(2):108.XUE Yiguo,LI Shucai,ZHAO Yan,et al.Analysis of TSP prediction before and after grouting about water-burst fault F4-4of subsea tunnel in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2009,39(2):108.
[15]张民庆,张文强,孙国庆.注浆效果检查评定技术与应用实例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3909.ZHANG Minqing,ZHANG Wenqiang,SUN Guoqing.Evaluation technique of grouting effect and its application to engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(S2):3909.
[16]煤矿井巷工作面注浆工程施工与验收规范:NB/T51030-2015[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.Construction and acceptance specifications of grouting engineering at working face in coal mine shaft and roadway:NB/T 51030-2015[S].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2015.
[2]张顶立.海底隧道不良地质体及结构界面的变形控制技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(11):2161.ZHANG Dingli.Deformation control techniques of unfavorable geologic bodies and discontinuous surfaces in subsea tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(11):2161.
[3]汪优,王星华,刘建华,等.基于流固耦合的海底隧道注浆圈渗流场影响分析[J].铁道学报,2012,34(11):108.WANG You,WANG Xinghua,LIU Jianhua,et al.Analysis of seepage field of grouting circle in subsea tunnel based on fluid-solid coupling[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(11):108.
[4]王梦恕.水下交通隧道的设计与施工[J].中国工程科学,2009,11(7):4.WANG Mengshu.Design and construction technology of underwater tunnel[J].Engineering Science,2009,11(7):4.
[5]李蓉,李治国.海底隧道全强风化花岗岩地层注浆技术研究[J].现代隧道技术,2008,45(1):21.LI Rong,LI Zhiguo.Study of the grouting technology adopted in strong-weathered granite for an undersea tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2008,45(1):21.
[6]赵继增.青岛胶州湾海底隧道涌水断层全断面帷幕注浆技术研究[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2009,39(6):116.ZHAO Jizeng.Study of full-face curtain grouting on waterburst fault F4-4subsea tunnel in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2009,39(6):116.
[7]王乾,王全胜.青岛胶州湾海底隧道后注浆技术研究[J].公路,2014,59(11):215.WANG Qian,WANG Quansheng.Study of post grouting technology of Qingdao Subsea Tunnel in Jiaozhou Bay[J].Highway,2014,59(11):215.
[8]谢文清,杨龙伟,吴登奎.胶州湾海底隧道快速超前帷幕注浆施工技术[J].现代隧道技术,2013,50(3):147.XIE Wenqing,YANG Longwei,WU Dengkui.Rapid advance curtain grouting technology for the Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2013,50(3):147.
[9]徐海廷,王全胜,孙国庆,等.厦门翔安海底隧道土石交界软弱地层全断面注浆试验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009,26(1):67.XU Haiting,WANG Quansheng,SUN Guoqing,et al.Experimental research on the full face grouting for weak stratum in soil and rock boundary for Xiamen Xiang'an Submarine Service Tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009,26(1):67.
[10]郭小红,王梦恕.厦门翔安海底隧道F1风化深槽注浆加固技术[J].中国工程科学,2011,13(9):38.GUO Xiaohong,WANG Mengshu.Study of the grouting technology adopted in F1 weathered trough for Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel[J].Engineering Science,2011,13(9):38.
[11]陈铁林,滕红军,张顶立.厦门翔安海底隧道富水砂层注浆试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊2):3711.CHEN Tielin,TENG Hongjun,ZHANG Dingli.Grouting test on water-enriched sand layer of Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S2):3711.
[12]吴生金,唐和青,孟维孝,等.厦门翔安海底隧道穿越富水砂层施工技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊2):3816.WU Shengjin,TANG Heqing,MENG Weixiao,et al.Constructing techniques of Xiamen Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel across water-enriched sandy stratum[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(S2):3816.
[13]张顶立,孙锋,李鹏飞.海底隧道复合注浆机制研究及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):445.ZHANG Dingli,SUN Feng,LI Pengfei.Mechanism of composite grouting in subsea tunnel and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):445.
[14]薛翊国,李术才,赵岩,等.青岛胶州湾海底隧道F4-4含水断层注浆前后TSP探测分析[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2009,39(2):108.XUE Yiguo,LI Shucai,ZHAO Yan,et al.Analysis of TSP prediction before and after grouting about water-burst fault F4-4of subsea tunnel in Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2009,39(2):108.
[15]张民庆,张文强,孙国庆.注浆效果检查评定技术与应用实例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3909.ZHANG Minqing,ZHANG Wenqiang,SUN Guoqing.Evaluation technique of grouting effect and its application to engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(S2):3909.
[16]煤矿井巷工作面注浆工程施工与验收规范:NB/T51030-2015[S].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015.Construction and acceptance specifications of grouting engineering at working face in coal mine shaft and roadway:NB/T 51030-2015[S].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2015.