减碳背景下都市群的能源保障——以纽约州及纽约都市群为例
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摘要
纽约州及纽约都会区是全球知名的都市群聚地带,也是全球经济最为发达的地区之一,它的正常运转高度依赖复杂的能源保障系统。减碳对纽约州及都市群的能源保障系统提出了全新的要求,从上世纪末到目前,在减碳减排总原则的指引下,该地区的能源供应与消耗环节发生了诸多重要的变化。目前看来,其在减少煤炭消费、加强天然气主体能源地位、提升能源效率等方面取得了一些进展,形成了一定的减碳效果。但能源系统老化、人口增长、新能源与节能减排产业成本优势不足、严峻的气候变化给当地带来的挑战巨大。纽约州及纽约都市群的经验对于中国都市群做好减碳背景下的能源保障工作,具有一定的启示意义。
The New York State with New York City is a world-famous metropolitan area and one of the most prosperous regions in the world. It is highly dependent on complex energy security systems. From the end of the last century to the present, its energy security system needs lots of new requirements and many necessary changes have taken place in the energy supply, consumption, and reserve sectors of the region under the guidance of the general principle of carbon emission reduction. At present, it seems that some progress has been made in reducing coal consumption, strengthening the leading energy status of natural gas, and improving energy effi ciency. However, the challenges posed by the aging energy system, population growth, insufficient cost advantages of new energy and energy conservation and emission reduction industries and more severe climate change are still huge. It has certain enlightenment for China's urban agglomerations to do energy conservation under the background of carbon reduction.
The New York State with New York City is a world-famous metropolitan area and one of the most prosperous regions in the world. It is highly dependent on complex energy security systems. From the end of the last century to the present, its energy security system needs lots of new requirements and many necessary changes have taken place in the energy supply, consumption, and reserve sectors of the region under the guidance of the general principle of carbon emission reduction. At present, it seems that some progress has been made in reducing coal consumption, strengthening the leading energy status of natural gas, and improving energy effi ciency. However, the challenges posed by the aging energy system, population growth, insufficient cost advantages of new energy and energy conservation and emission reduction industries and more severe climate change are still huge. It has certain enlightenment for China's urban agglomerations to do energy conservation under the background of carbon reduction.
引文
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[2]Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis.Total Gross Domestic Product for New York[EB/OL].2019-04-15.https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NYNGSP.
[3]U.S.Energy Information Administration.New York State profi le and energy estimates[EB/OL].https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=NY.
[4]New York Independent System Operator.Power trends2016:the changing energy Landscape[R/OL].https://www.nyiso.com/documents/20142/2223020/2016-Power-Trends.pdf/1bec79c7-ff da-1476-1aaf-1bf27ef8b67b.
[5]New York State Energy Planning Board.2015 New York State energy plan[R/OL].https://energyplan.ny.gov/Plans/2014.aspx.
[6]侨报纽约网.纽约机动车数量创新高[EB/OL].http://ny.uschinapress.com/spotlight/2019/02-21/162184.html.
[2]Federal Reserve Bank of St.Louis.Total Gross Domestic Product for New York[EB/OL].2019-04-15.https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NYNGSP.
[3]U.S.Energy Information Administration.New York State profi le and energy estimates[EB/OL].https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=NY.
[4]New York Independent System Operator.Power trends2016:the changing energy Landscape[R/OL].https://www.nyiso.com/documents/20142/2223020/2016-Power-Trends.pdf/1bec79c7-ff da-1476-1aaf-1bf27ef8b67b.
[5]New York State Energy Planning Board.2015 New York State energy plan[R/OL].https://energyplan.ny.gov/Plans/2014.aspx.
[6]侨报纽约网.纽约机动车数量创新高[EB/OL].http://ny.uschinapress.com/spotlight/2019/02-21/162184.html.