多电极电磁流量计肢体血液流速分布测量研究
|
摘要
为实现人体血液流速分布的非侵入式测量,对重大心血管疾病进行预判,将多电极电磁流量计应用于人体肢体血液速度剖面测量,将传统Shercliff权函数改进为区域权函数,模仿人体肢体结构建立COMSOL仿真模型,将测量截面划分为不同区域,通过多对电极获取不同位置的弦端电压,确定肢体截面上不同测量区域的权函数,进而计算各测量区域的局部轴向平均速度。针对动脉、静脉所在位置范围内进行不同区域划分并进行血液流速分布测量,仿真验证了多电极电磁测量系统对动脉、静脉血管中互为逆向流动的速度信息测量的可行性。三维有限元仿真和计算结果表明,所提出的测量方法能够实现肢体测量截面处不同方向的流速测量,并且具有较高的速度分布重构精度,对于人体血液流速测量和血流变异常监测具有参考价值。
In order to measure the velocity profile of arterial and venous blood flow of human body and predict major cardiovascular diseases,the multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter based on region weight function theory is proposed in this paper.The region weight function theory has been derived from traditional Shercliff theory and COMSOL model has been established to simulate the human limb according to the layout and relative position of skin,fat,bone,muscle,artery and vein.The cross section has been divided in to several regions and the induced voltages at different positions along the skin surface have been obtained by the electrode array.The local mean axial velocity profile of the vessel cross section is calculated,and the velocity information of the reverse flow in the arteries and veins is reconstructed.The results of three-dimensional finite element model simulation demonstrate that multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter based on region weight function is feasible to characterize the velocity profile of arteries and veins with high accuracy.Region weight function based multi-electrode electromagneticmeasurement method has some reference value for vessel blood flow velocity measurement and hemorheology anomaly monitoring of human body.
In order to measure the velocity profile of arterial and venous blood flow of human body and predict major cardiovascular diseases,the multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter based on region weight function theory is proposed in this paper.The region weight function theory has been derived from traditional Shercliff theory and COMSOL model has been established to simulate the human limb according to the layout and relative position of skin,fat,bone,muscle,artery and vein.The cross section has been divided in to several regions and the induced voltages at different positions along the skin surface have been obtained by the electrode array.The local mean axial velocity profile of the vessel cross section is calculated,and the velocity information of the reverse flow in the arteries and veins is reconstructed.The results of three-dimensional finite element model simulation demonstrate that multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter based on region weight function is feasible to characterize the velocity profile of arteries and veins with high accuracy.Region weight function based multi-electrode electromagneticmeasurement method has some reference value for vessel blood flow velocity measurement and hemorheology anomaly monitoring of human body.
引文
[1]KOLIN A,An electromagnetic flowmeter:Principle of the method and its applications to blood measurements[J].Proc Soc Exp Biol Med,1936(35):53-56.
[2]CHENG Z,WOOD N B,GIBBS R G J,et al.Geometric and flow features of type B aortic dissection:Initial findings and comparison of medically treated and stented cases[J].Annals of Biomedical Engineering,2015,43(1):177-189.
[3]ZHAO Y Y,LUCAS G,LEEUNGCULSATIEN T.Measurement and control systems for an imaging electromagnetic flow metre[J].ISA Transactions,2014,53(2):423-432.
[4]BEVIR M K,O'SULLIVAN V T,WYATT D G.Computing of electromagnetic flowmeter characteristics from magnetic field data[J].Phys.D:Appl.Phys.1981(14):373-388.
[5]陈国玉,蒋振善.电磁流量计测定门静脉血流的临床应用[J].江苏医药,1991(6):299-300.CHEN Guoyu,JIANG Zhenshan.Clinical application of electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring portal blood flow[J].Jiangsu Medicine,1991(6):299-300.
[6]张小章.基于流动电磁测量理论的流场重建[J].计量学报,1998,19(1):40-44.ZHANG Xiaozhang.Flow field reconstruction based on flow electromagnetic measurement theory[J].Journal of Metrology,1998,19(1):40-44.
[7]徐立军,王亚,董峰,等.基于多电极电磁流量计的流速场重建[J].自然科学进展,2002,12(5):524-528.XU Lijun,WANG Ya,DONG Feng,et al.Velocity field reconstruction based on multi-electrode electromagnetic flowmeter[J].Advances in Natural Science,2002,12(5):524-528.
[8]唐飞,王晓浩,王东生.热扩散法测量血液流速[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(5):978-981.TANG Fei,WANG Xiaohao,WANG Dongsheng.Measurement of blood flow rate by thermal diffusion method[J].Jurnal of Instnoment and Measurement,2008,29(5):978-981
[9]陈远,赵志敏,郑敏,等.人体微小管状血管血液流速自动测量方法研究[J].计量学报,2010,31(2):123-126.CHEN Yuan,ZHAO Zhimin,ZHENG Min,et al.An automated detection method for human micro-vessel blood velocity[J].Journal of Metrology,2010,31(2):123-126.
[10]PENG Z,CAO Z,XU L,et al.Influence of installation angle of electromagnetic flowmeter on measurement accuracy[C]//The 8th IEEE International Symposium on Instrumentation and Control Technology.UK:IEEE,2012:195-199.
[11]曾宇杰,罗坤,樊建人,等.主动脉夹层血液两相流动数值模拟分析[J].工程热物理学报,2016,37(4):780-784.ZENG Yujie,LUO Kun,FAN Jianren,et al.Aortic dissection blood two-phase flow numerical simulation study[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2016,37(04):780-784.
[12]董会武,陈端端,熊江.国人青年主动脉血流分配比例正常值的超声测定[J].中国普通外科杂志,2017,26(12):1633-1636.DONG Huiwu,CHEN Duanduan,XIONG Jiang.Ultrasonic determination of normal aortic blood flow distribution ratio in Chinese youth[J].Chinese Journal of General Surgery,2017,26(12):1633-1636.
[13]AGOLOM M O,LUCAS G,WEBILOR R O.Measurement of velocity profiles in transient single and multiphase flows using inductive flow tomography[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2018,62:246-254.
[14]MENG Y.Imaging of the water velocity distribution in water continuous multiphase flows using inductive flow tomography(IFT)[D].Huddersfield:University of Huddersfield,2016.
[15]SHERCLIFF J A.The Theory of Electromagnetic Flow-Measurement[M].UK:1962.NeW York:Cambrideg University Press,
[16]LEHTIKANGAS O,KARHUNEN K,VAUHKONEN M.Reconstruction of velocity fields in electromagnetic flow tomography[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,2016,374(2070):1173-1180.
[17]高跃明,潘少恒,麦炳源,等.微弱电流耦合信号在人体上臂传输的建模与分析[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011,15(52):9738-9741.GAO Yueming,PAN Shaoheng,MAI Bingyuan,et al.Model establishment and analysis of feeble current coupling signal transmitting through human limb[J].Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research,2011,15(52):9738-9741.
[18]TSE K M,CHIU P,LEE H P,et al.Investigation of hemodynamics in the development of dissecting aneurysm with in patient-specific dissecting aneurismal aortas using computational fluid dynamics simulation[J].Journal of Biomechanics,2011,44(5):827-836.
[19]LEEUNGCULSATIEN T,LUCAS G.Measurement of velocity profiles in multiphase flow using a multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2013,31:86-95.
[20]CHA J E,AHN Y C,KIM M H.Flow measurement with an electromagnetic flowmeter in two-phase bubbly and slug flow regimes[J].Flow Measurement&Instrumentation,2002,12(5):329-339.
[2]CHENG Z,WOOD N B,GIBBS R G J,et al.Geometric and flow features of type B aortic dissection:Initial findings and comparison of medically treated and stented cases[J].Annals of Biomedical Engineering,2015,43(1):177-189.
[3]ZHAO Y Y,LUCAS G,LEEUNGCULSATIEN T.Measurement and control systems for an imaging electromagnetic flow metre[J].ISA Transactions,2014,53(2):423-432.
[4]BEVIR M K,O'SULLIVAN V T,WYATT D G.Computing of electromagnetic flowmeter characteristics from magnetic field data[J].Phys.D:Appl.Phys.1981(14):373-388.
[5]陈国玉,蒋振善.电磁流量计测定门静脉血流的临床应用[J].江苏医药,1991(6):299-300.CHEN Guoyu,JIANG Zhenshan.Clinical application of electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring portal blood flow[J].Jiangsu Medicine,1991(6):299-300.
[6]张小章.基于流动电磁测量理论的流场重建[J].计量学报,1998,19(1):40-44.ZHANG Xiaozhang.Flow field reconstruction based on flow electromagnetic measurement theory[J].Journal of Metrology,1998,19(1):40-44.
[7]徐立军,王亚,董峰,等.基于多电极电磁流量计的流速场重建[J].自然科学进展,2002,12(5):524-528.XU Lijun,WANG Ya,DONG Feng,et al.Velocity field reconstruction based on multi-electrode electromagnetic flowmeter[J].Advances in Natural Science,2002,12(5):524-528.
[8]唐飞,王晓浩,王东生.热扩散法测量血液流速[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(5):978-981.TANG Fei,WANG Xiaohao,WANG Dongsheng.Measurement of blood flow rate by thermal diffusion method[J].Jurnal of Instnoment and Measurement,2008,29(5):978-981
[9]陈远,赵志敏,郑敏,等.人体微小管状血管血液流速自动测量方法研究[J].计量学报,2010,31(2):123-126.CHEN Yuan,ZHAO Zhimin,ZHENG Min,et al.An automated detection method for human micro-vessel blood velocity[J].Journal of Metrology,2010,31(2):123-126.
[10]PENG Z,CAO Z,XU L,et al.Influence of installation angle of electromagnetic flowmeter on measurement accuracy[C]//The 8th IEEE International Symposium on Instrumentation and Control Technology.UK:IEEE,2012:195-199.
[11]曾宇杰,罗坤,樊建人,等.主动脉夹层血液两相流动数值模拟分析[J].工程热物理学报,2016,37(4):780-784.ZENG Yujie,LUO Kun,FAN Jianren,et al.Aortic dissection blood two-phase flow numerical simulation study[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2016,37(04):780-784.
[12]董会武,陈端端,熊江.国人青年主动脉血流分配比例正常值的超声测定[J].中国普通外科杂志,2017,26(12):1633-1636.DONG Huiwu,CHEN Duanduan,XIONG Jiang.Ultrasonic determination of normal aortic blood flow distribution ratio in Chinese youth[J].Chinese Journal of General Surgery,2017,26(12):1633-1636.
[13]AGOLOM M O,LUCAS G,WEBILOR R O.Measurement of velocity profiles in transient single and multiphase flows using inductive flow tomography[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2018,62:246-254.
[14]MENG Y.Imaging of the water velocity distribution in water continuous multiphase flows using inductive flow tomography(IFT)[D].Huddersfield:University of Huddersfield,2016.
[15]SHERCLIFF J A.The Theory of Electromagnetic Flow-Measurement[M].UK:1962.NeW York:Cambrideg University Press,
[16]LEHTIKANGAS O,KARHUNEN K,VAUHKONEN M.Reconstruction of velocity fields in electromagnetic flow tomography[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,2016,374(2070):1173-1180.
[17]高跃明,潘少恒,麦炳源,等.微弱电流耦合信号在人体上臂传输的建模与分析[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011,15(52):9738-9741.GAO Yueming,PAN Shaoheng,MAI Bingyuan,et al.Model establishment and analysis of feeble current coupling signal transmitting through human limb[J].Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research,2011,15(52):9738-9741.
[18]TSE K M,CHIU P,LEE H P,et al.Investigation of hemodynamics in the development of dissecting aneurysm with in patient-specific dissecting aneurismal aortas using computational fluid dynamics simulation[J].Journal of Biomechanics,2011,44(5):827-836.
[19]LEEUNGCULSATIEN T,LUCAS G.Measurement of velocity profiles in multiphase flow using a multi-electrode electromagnetic flow meter[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2013,31:86-95.
[20]CHA J E,AHN Y C,KIM M H.Flow measurement with an electromagnetic flowmeter in two-phase bubbly and slug flow regimes[J].Flow Measurement&Instrumentation,2002,12(5):329-339.