9个燕麦品种在晋北地区的生产性能及饲用价值综合评价
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摘要
在晋北农牧交错区,以9个燕麦品种作为研究对象,观测其产草量、株高、穗长、穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重等,并利用常规分析技术对3个营养性状指标进行测定分析,采用灰色关联度分析方法进行综合评价。结果表明:草莜1号、牧乐思、远杂一号3个品种在孕穗期至开花期的鲜、干草产量较高,开花期草莜1号的干草产量达9 000kg/hm~2以上;草莜1号的穗长最长,为24.56cm;牧乐思的穗铃数最大,达到84.64;远杂一号的穗粒数最多,为621.00;牧乐思和坝莜18号的穗粒重最大,分别为17.16和16.28g,与其他品种间差异显著;甜燕麦的千粒重最大,为44.03g,与其他品种间差异显著;9个燕麦品种的可消化干物质为63.62%～69.05%,干物质采食量为1.91%～2.22%;白燕2号的饲料相对值较高,为114.89,与甜燕麦无显著差异,但显著高于其他燕麦品种。综合分析结果表明, GL381、牧乐思和甜燕麦适宜作为牧草在该地区推广种植。
In order to study suitable forage germplasm for the agro-pasture ecotone of northern Shanxi, fresh and dry(hay) yields, agronomic characters, nutrient content and feeding value of 9 oat varieties were assessed. Three nutritional traits were determined and analyzed by conventional analysis, and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out by grey relational analysis method. The results showed that the yields of fresh and hay of Caoyou No.1, Molasses and Yuanza No.1 were higher from booting stage to flowering stage, and the hay yield of Caoyou No.1 at flowering stage reached 9 000 kg/hm~2; Caoyou No.1 had the longest ear(24.56 cm); The number of bolls per spike of Molasses was the largest, up to 84.64; the number of grains per spike of Yuanza No.1(621) was the most; the maximum grain weight per spike of Molasses and Bayou No.18 were 17.16 and 16.28 g, respectively(P<0.05); the 1000-grain weight of sweet oat(44.03 g) was the largest, and the difference between the other species was significant(P<0.05). The digestible dry matter of varieties changed from 63.62% to 69.05% and dry matter intake from 1.91% to 2.22%; the relative feed value of Baiyan No.2 was the highest, up to 114.89, and no significant difference with sweet oat, but significantly higher than other oat varieties(P<0.05). The comprehensive analysis showed that GL381, Molasses and Sweet oat which were more suitable for planting in this area.
In order to study suitable forage germplasm for the agro-pasture ecotone of northern Shanxi, fresh and dry(hay) yields, agronomic characters, nutrient content and feeding value of 9 oat varieties were assessed. Three nutritional traits were determined and analyzed by conventional analysis, and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out by grey relational analysis method. The results showed that the yields of fresh and hay of Caoyou No.1, Molasses and Yuanza No.1 were higher from booting stage to flowering stage, and the hay yield of Caoyou No.1 at flowering stage reached 9 000 kg/hm~2; Caoyou No.1 had the longest ear(24.56 cm); The number of bolls per spike of Molasses was the largest, up to 84.64; the number of grains per spike of Yuanza No.1(621) was the most; the maximum grain weight per spike of Molasses and Bayou No.18 were 17.16 and 16.28 g, respectively(P<0.05); the 1000-grain weight of sweet oat(44.03 g) was the largest, and the difference between the other species was significant(P<0.05). The digestible dry matter of varieties changed from 63.62% to 69.05% and dry matter intake from 1.91% to 2.22%; the relative feed value of Baiyan No.2 was the highest, up to 114.89, and no significant difference with sweet oat, but significantly higher than other oat varieties(P<0.05). The comprehensive analysis showed that GL381, Molasses and Sweet oat which were more suitable for planting in this area.
引文
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[12]李海,杨如达,林凤仙,等.不同行距对黍子农艺性状、经济性状及产量的影响.作物杂志,2017(1):68-72.
[13]康俊梅,杨青川,郭文山,等.北京地区10个紫花苜蓿引进品种的生产性能研究.中国草地学报,2010,32(6):5-10.
[14]吴娜,卜洪震,曾昭海.灌溉定额对夏播裸燕麦产量和品质的影响.草业学报,2010,19(5):204-209.
[15]张翔宇,李海,梁海燕,等.不同种植行距与种植密度对黍子生长特性及子实产量的影响.作物杂志,2018(5):91-96.
[16]陈莉敏,赵国敏,廖英勇,等.川西北7个燕麦品种产量及营养成分比较分析.草业与畜牧,2016(2):19-23.
[2]李向林,沈禹颖,万里强.种植业结构调整和草牧业发展潜力分析及政策建议.中国工程科学,2016,18(1):94-105.
[3]赵秀芳,戎郁萍,赵来喜.我国燕麦种质资源的收集和评价.草业科学,2007,24(3):36-40.
[4]崔海,王加启,卜登攀,等.燕麦饲料在动物生产中的应用.动物生产,2010,37(6):214-216..
[5]衣兰智,李长忠,刘洪庆,等.不同苜蓿品种在青岛地区的适应性.草业学报,2011,20(2):147-155.
[6]郑敏娜,李荫藩,梁秀芝,等.晋北地区引种苜蓿品种的灰色关联度分析与综合评价.草地学报,2017,22(3):631-637.
[7]Miller D A,Shrivastava J P,Jackobs J A. Alfalfa yield components in solid seedings. Crop Science,1969,9(4):440-443.
[8]Griggs T. Alfalfa Variety Selection Guidelines. All Current Publications,2004.
[9]孙启忠,王宗礼,徐丽君.旱区苜蓿.北京:科学出版社,2014:116-180.
[10]孙万斌,马晖玲,侯向阳,等. 20个紫花苜蓿品种在甘肃两个地区的生产性能及营养价值综合评价.草业学报,2017,26(3):161-174.
[11]孙建平,董宽虎,蒯晓妍,等.晋北农牧交错区引进燕麦品种生产性能及饲用价值比较.草业学报,2017,26(11):222-230.
[12]李海,杨如达,林凤仙,等.不同行距对黍子农艺性状、经济性状及产量的影响.作物杂志,2017(1):68-72.
[13]康俊梅,杨青川,郭文山,等.北京地区10个紫花苜蓿引进品种的生产性能研究.中国草地学报,2010,32(6):5-10.
[14]吴娜,卜洪震,曾昭海.灌溉定额对夏播裸燕麦产量和品质的影响.草业学报,2010,19(5):204-209.
[15]张翔宇,李海,梁海燕,等.不同种植行距与种植密度对黍子生长特性及子实产量的影响.作物杂志,2018(5):91-96.
[16]陈莉敏,赵国敏,廖英勇,等.川西北7个燕麦品种产量及营养成分比较分析.草业与畜牧,2016(2):19-23.