重复剪切作用下结构面起伏角度对其力学特性影响研究
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摘要
在室内直剪试验的基础上,研究了重复剪切作用下起伏角对结构面变形和强度的影响。采用钢制模具和混凝土材料预制4种起伏角度结构面,分别在5级法向应力下进行6次直剪试验,记录每次剪切过程中的切向应力和法向位移随切向位移的变化。通过对切向应力和法向位移随切向位移变化曲线分析可知,首次剪切时,法向应力和起伏角度越大,结构面剪切破坏方式越容易从滑移破坏过渡为剪断破坏,对于同一种剪切破坏方式,法向应力越大,对结构面磨损或剪断的作用越强烈,峰值剪胀位移越小,起伏角度越大,锯齿被磨损或剪断的高度越大;第2次剪切开始,不论法向应力和起伏角度如何,结构面的剪切破坏方式基本上都转变为滑移破坏。
On the basis of direct shear tests,influence of asperity inclination angle on deformation and strength of a structural plane are examined. Structural planes of four asperity inclination angles are made using steel mould and concrete,and direct shear tests are conducted six times under five normal stresses. At the same time,shear stress and normal displacement are recorded. The analysis of shear stress-horizontal displacement and vertical displacement-horizontal displacement curve shows that the normal stress and asperity inclination angle become larger firstly and the structural plane is easier to be cut. For the same shear failure style,if the normal stress increases,the structural plane will be worn or cut more seriously,and the maximum vertical displacement is lower. If the asperity inclination angle increases,the zig-zag pattern will be worn or cut more seriously. From the second shear time,the structural plane is worn every time and is not affected by the normal stress and asperity inclination angle.
On the basis of direct shear tests,influence of asperity inclination angle on deformation and strength of a structural plane are examined. Structural planes of four asperity inclination angles are made using steel mould and concrete,and direct shear tests are conducted six times under five normal stresses. At the same time,shear stress and normal displacement are recorded. The analysis of shear stress-horizontal displacement and vertical displacement-horizontal displacement curve shows that the normal stress and asperity inclination angle become larger firstly and the structural plane is easier to be cut. For the same shear failure style,if the normal stress increases,the structural plane will be worn or cut more seriously,and the maximum vertical displacement is lower. If the asperity inclination angle increases,the zig-zag pattern will be worn or cut more seriously. From the second shear time,the structural plane is worn every time and is not affected by the normal stress and asperity inclination angle.
引文
[1]Barton N.Review of new shear-strength criterion for rock joints[J].Engineering Geology,1973,7(3):287-332.
[2]Bandis S C,Lumsden A C,Barton N R.Foundamentals of rock joint deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(6):249-268.
[3]Amadei B,Saeb S.Constitutive models of rock joints[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Joints.Loen,Norway,1990:581-94.
[4]杜守继,朱建栋,职洪涛.岩石节理经历不同变形历史的剪切试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):56-60.[DU S J,ZHU J D,ZHI H T.Shear Tests on Rock Joints under Different Shear Deformation Histories[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):56-60.(in Chinese)]
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[6]周莲君,彭振斌,何忠明,等.结构面剪切特性的试验与数值模拟分析[R].科技导报,2009,27(4):31-35.[ZHOU L J,PENG Z B,HE Z M,et al.Test for Shear Characteristics of Structural Plane and Its Numerical Simulation Analysis[R].Science&Technology Review,2009,27(4):31-35.(in Chinese)]
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[9]金济山,石泽全,方华,等.在三轴压缩下大理岩循环加载试验的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(4):488-494.[JIN J S,SHI Z Q,FANG H,et al.A preliminary Study on Cyclic Loading Experiments of Marble Under Triaxial Compression[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1991,34(4):488-494.(in Chinese)]
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[12]李宁,陈文玲,张平.动荷作用下非贯通裂隙介质的强度性质[J].自然科学进展,2000,10(11):1029-1034.[LI N,CHEN W L,ZHANG P.Strength Properties of Through Fractured Media under Dynamic Loading[J].Progress in Natural Science,2000,10(11):1029-1034.(in Chinese)]
[13]邵鹏.断续节理岩体中弹性波动力效应研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2003.[SHAO P.Study on Dynamic Effect of Elastic Wave in Intermittent Jointed Rock Mass[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2003.(in Chinese)]
[14]徐建光,张平,李宁.循环荷载下断续裂隙岩体的变形特性[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):802-806.[XU J G,ZHANG P,LI N.Deformation Properties of Rock Mass with Intermittent Cracks under Cyclic Loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):802-806.(in Chinese)]
[15]胡盛斌,邓建,马春德,等.循环荷载作用下含缺陷岩石破坏特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2490-2495.[HU S B,DENG J,MA C D,et al.Experimental Study of Failure Characteristics of Rock Containing Flaw under Cyclic Loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2490-2495.(in Chinese)]
[16]李宁,程国栋,谢定义.西部大开发中的岩土力学问题[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):268-272.[LI N,CHENG G D,XIE D Y.Geomechanics Development in Civil Construction in Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):268-272.(in Chinese)]
[17]夏才初,孙宗颀,潘长良.节理表面波纹度对其闭合性质的影响[J].工程地质学报,1995,3(2):47-53.[XIA C C,SUN Z Q,PAN C L.The Effect of Surface Waviness of Joints on Their Closure Behaviors[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1995,3(2):47-53.(in Chinese)]
[18]李海波,刘博,冯海鹏,等.模拟岩石节理试样剪切变形特征和破坏机制研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1741-1752.[LI H B,LIU B,FENG H P,et al.Study of Deformability Behaviour and Failure Mechanism by Simulating Rock Joints Sample under Different Loading Conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1741-1752.(in Chinese)]
[19]曹文贵,王江营,翟友成.考虑残余强度影响的结构面与接触面剪切过程损伤模拟方法[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(4):127-132.[CAO W G,WANG J Y,ZHAI Y C.Study of Simulation Method for Shear Deformation of Rock Structural Planes and Interfaces with Consideration of Residual Strength[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(4):127-132.(in Chinese)]
[20]高旭,晏鄂川,崔学杰,等.应变速率对含砾滑带土抗剪强度影响研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(1):94-98.[GAO S,YAN E C,CUI X J,et al.Influence of Strain Rate to the Shear Strength of Conglomeratic Sliding-zone Soil[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2016,43(1):94-98.(in Chinese)]
[21]史卜涛,张云,王哲成,等.不同固结状态下黏土抗剪强度与剪切速率的关系[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(6):59-64.[SHI B T,ZHANG Y,WANG Z C,et al.Shear Strength and Shear Rates of Clay Soils under Different Consolidation States[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2015,42(6):59-64.(in Chinese)]
[2]Bandis S C,Lumsden A C,Barton N R.Foundamentals of rock joint deformation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1983,20(6):249-268.
[3]Amadei B,Saeb S.Constitutive models of rock joints[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Joints.Loen,Norway,1990:581-94.
[4]杜守继,朱建栋,职洪涛.岩石节理经历不同变形历史的剪切试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):56-60.[DU S J,ZHU J D,ZHI H T.Shear Tests on Rock Joints under Different Shear Deformation Histories[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):56-60.(in Chinese)]
[5]李海波,冯海鹏,刘博.不同剪切速率下岩石节理的强度特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(12):2435-2440.[LI H B,FENG H P,LIU B.Study on Strength Behaviors of Rock Joints under Different Shearing Deformation Velocities[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(12):2435-2440.(in Chinese)]
[6]周莲君,彭振斌,何忠明,等.结构面剪切特性的试验与数值模拟分析[R].科技导报,2009,27(4):31-35.[ZHOU L J,PENG Z B,HE Z M,et al.Test for Shear Characteristics of Structural Plane and Its Numerical Simulation Analysis[R].Science&Technology Review,2009,27(4):31-35.(in Chinese)]
[7]Hang Lin,Ping Cao,Yong Zhou.Numerical simulation for direct shear test of joint in rock mass[J].I J Image,Graphics and Signal Processing,2010,1:39-45.
[8]吴绵拔.加载速率对岩石断裂韧度的影响[J].力学与实践,1986(4):21-23.[WU M B.Effect of Loading Rate on Fracture Toughness of Rock[J].Mechanics in Engineering,1986(4):21-23.(in Chinese)]
[9]金济山,石泽全,方华,等.在三轴压缩下大理岩循环加载试验的初步研究[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(4):488-494.[JIN J S,SHI Z Q,FANG H,et al.A preliminary Study on Cyclic Loading Experiments of Marble Under Triaxial Compression[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1991,34(4):488-494.(in Chinese)]
[10]乔河,柴华友.爆炸作用下花岗岩动态本构关系试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1996,15(增刊):446-451.[QIAO H,CHAI H Y.Experimental Study of Granite’s Constitutive Relation under Blasting Loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1996,15(Sup):446-451.(in Chinese)]
[11]信礼田,刘建武,何翔.高应变速率下石灰岩的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(增刊):780-783.[XIN L T,LIU J W,HE X.The Mechanical Properties of Limestone under High Strain Rate[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(Sup):780-783.(in Chinese)]
[12]李宁,陈文玲,张平.动荷作用下非贯通裂隙介质的强度性质[J].自然科学进展,2000,10(11):1029-1034.[LI N,CHEN W L,ZHANG P.Strength Properties of Through Fractured Media under Dynamic Loading[J].Progress in Natural Science,2000,10(11):1029-1034.(in Chinese)]
[13]邵鹏.断续节理岩体中弹性波动力效应研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2003.[SHAO P.Study on Dynamic Effect of Elastic Wave in Intermittent Jointed Rock Mass[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2003.(in Chinese)]
[14]徐建光,张平,李宁.循环荷载下断续裂隙岩体的变形特性[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):802-806.[XU J G,ZHANG P,LI N.Deformation Properties of Rock Mass with Intermittent Cracks under Cyclic Loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):802-806.(in Chinese)]
[15]胡盛斌,邓建,马春德,等.循环荷载作用下含缺陷岩石破坏特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2490-2495.[HU S B,DENG J,MA C D,et al.Experimental Study of Failure Characteristics of Rock Containing Flaw under Cyclic Loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2490-2495.(in Chinese)]
[16]李宁,程国栋,谢定义.西部大开发中的岩土力学问题[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(3):268-272.[LI N,CHENG G D,XIE D Y.Geomechanics Development in Civil Construction in Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(3):268-272.(in Chinese)]
[17]夏才初,孙宗颀,潘长良.节理表面波纹度对其闭合性质的影响[J].工程地质学报,1995,3(2):47-53.[XIA C C,SUN Z Q,PAN C L.The Effect of Surface Waviness of Joints on Their Closure Behaviors[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1995,3(2):47-53.(in Chinese)]
[18]李海波,刘博,冯海鹏,等.模拟岩石节理试样剪切变形特征和破坏机制研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1741-1752.[LI H B,LIU B,FENG H P,et al.Study of Deformability Behaviour and Failure Mechanism by Simulating Rock Joints Sample under Different Loading Conditions[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1741-1752.(in Chinese)]
[19]曹文贵,王江营,翟友成.考虑残余强度影响的结构面与接触面剪切过程损伤模拟方法[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(4):127-132.[CAO W G,WANG J Y,ZHAI Y C.Study of Simulation Method for Shear Deformation of Rock Structural Planes and Interfaces with Consideration of Residual Strength[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(4):127-132.(in Chinese)]
[20]高旭,晏鄂川,崔学杰,等.应变速率对含砾滑带土抗剪强度影响研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(1):94-98.[GAO S,YAN E C,CUI X J,et al.Influence of Strain Rate to the Shear Strength of Conglomeratic Sliding-zone Soil[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2016,43(1):94-98.(in Chinese)]
[21]史卜涛,张云,王哲成,等.不同固结状态下黏土抗剪强度与剪切速率的关系[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(6):59-64.[SHI B T,ZHANG Y,WANG Z C,et al.Shear Strength and Shear Rates of Clay Soils under Different Consolidation States[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2015,42(6):59-64.(in Chinese)]