引黄滴灌滴灌器堵塞室内模拟试验研究
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摘要
针对内蒙古乌海市农林灌溉工程中滴灌带堵塞的问题,取用该地区引黄滴灌原水进行室内模拟试验,在不同水质及环境状况下研究滴灌器堵塞情况,分析滴灌器堵塞的主要影响因素。经6组对比试验研究确定,影响滴灌器堵塞的主要水质指标是浊度和微生物总数,且二者有很高的相关性;主要环境因子是水温。含沙量越大,灌水均匀度越小,滴灌器堵塞速度越快。温度越高,灌水均匀度变化幅度越大,进而对滴灌器流量的影响越明显。微生物(主要测定细菌总数)附着在泥沙颗粒上,与泥沙协同作用造成对滴灌器的堵塞;而浊度的增大和水温的升高促使微生物的数量增加。
According to the problem of blockage of drip irrigation tapes of agricultural and forestry irrigation engineering in Wuhai City of Inner Mongolia,this article used drip irrigation raw water from the Yellow River for indoor simulation experiment under the different water qualities and environment conditions and analyzed the main influencing factors of drip irrigation block,so as to provide the necessary conditions for the extension of dripping in Wuhai on a large scale. By the contrast experimental study on six groups,the main water quality factors affect the drip irrigation jam is turbidity and the total number of microorganisms and both has high correlation; the main environmental factor is temperature. The higher the sediment loads,irrigation uniformity value is smaller,the faster the drip irrigation machine jams. The higher the temperature,the greater the change of the irrigation uniformity will be,and thus affect the drip irrigation flow,the more obvious. Microorganisms( mainly the total number of bacteria) attached to the sediment particles,and silt synergy to the clogging of drip irrigation. The turbidity and the increasing of temperature increase in the number of the microbe.
According to the problem of blockage of drip irrigation tapes of agricultural and forestry irrigation engineering in Wuhai City of Inner Mongolia,this article used drip irrigation raw water from the Yellow River for indoor simulation experiment under the different water qualities and environment conditions and analyzed the main influencing factors of drip irrigation block,so as to provide the necessary conditions for the extension of dripping in Wuhai on a large scale. By the contrast experimental study on six groups,the main water quality factors affect the drip irrigation jam is turbidity and the total number of microorganisms and both has high correlation; the main environmental factor is temperature. The higher the sediment loads,irrigation uniformity value is smaller,the faster the drip irrigation machine jams. The higher the temperature,the greater the change of the irrigation uniformity will be,and thus affect the drip irrigation flow,the more obvious. Microorganisms( mainly the total number of bacteria) attached to the sediment particles,and silt synergy to the clogging of drip irrigation. The turbidity and the increasing of temperature increase in the number of the microbe.
引文
[1]王福军,王文娥.滴头流道CFD分析的研究进展与问题[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(7):188-192.
[2] CHIENG S,GHAEMI A. Uniformity in a Micro-Irrigation with Partially Clogged Emitters[C]//ASAE.2003 ASAE Annual International Meeting. Michigan:ASAE,2003:1-11.
[3]李光永,曾德超,段中锁,等.地埋点源滴灌土壤水分运动规律的研究[J].农业工程学报,1996(3):66-71.
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[5]侯峥,刘学军,周立华.宁夏滴灌技术应用调查与发展对策[J].人民黄河,2013,35(2):75-77.
[6]喻黎明.滴灌灌水器水力特性及抗堵塞研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009:22-30.
[7]武鹏,牛全文.滴灌器抗堵塞及对滴灌器系统灌水均匀度的影响[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010:25-38.
[8]范兴科,吴普特.毛管对灌水均匀度及系统管网布局的影响[C]//中国农业工程学会.2005年中国农业工程学会学术年会论文集.北京:中国农业工程学会,2005:268-292.
[9]范兴科,吴普特,牛文全,等.低压滴灌条件下提高系统灌水均匀度的途径探讨[J].灌溉排水学报,2008,27(1):18-20.
[10]张志澎,郑耀泉,田春元,等.灌水器的工作水头对微灌系统灌水均匀度影响的研究[J].内蒙古水利,1996(1):28-31.
[11]王瑛,范宗良,冯辉霞,等.滴灌带灌水均匀度的田间测试与分析[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2000,35(1):66-69.
[2] CHIENG S,GHAEMI A. Uniformity in a Micro-Irrigation with Partially Clogged Emitters[C]//ASAE.2003 ASAE Annual International Meeting. Michigan:ASAE,2003:1-11.
[3]李光永,曾德超,段中锁,等.地埋点源滴灌土壤水分运动规律的研究[J].农业工程学报,1996(3):66-71.
[4] NAKAYAMA F S,BUCKS D A.Water Quality in Drip/Trickle Irrigation:a Review[J].Irrigation Science,1991(12):187-192.
[5]侯峥,刘学军,周立华.宁夏滴灌技术应用调查与发展对策[J].人民黄河,2013,35(2):75-77.
[6]喻黎明.滴灌灌水器水力特性及抗堵塞研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009:22-30.
[7]武鹏,牛全文.滴灌器抗堵塞及对滴灌器系统灌水均匀度的影响[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010:25-38.
[8]范兴科,吴普特.毛管对灌水均匀度及系统管网布局的影响[C]//中国农业工程学会.2005年中国农业工程学会学术年会论文集.北京:中国农业工程学会,2005:268-292.
[9]范兴科,吴普特,牛文全,等.低压滴灌条件下提高系统灌水均匀度的途径探讨[J].灌溉排水学报,2008,27(1):18-20.
[10]张志澎,郑耀泉,田春元,等.灌水器的工作水头对微灌系统灌水均匀度影响的研究[J].内蒙古水利,1996(1):28-31.
[11]王瑛,范宗良,冯辉霞,等.滴灌带灌水均匀度的田间测试与分析[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2000,35(1):66-69.