性别与青少年生活事件对某高校大学生自伤行为的影响
|
摘要
目的探究性别与青少年生活事件对高校大学生自伤行为的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对本院的2311名大学生进行问卷调查,分析性别与青少年生活事件对高校大学生自伤行为的影响。结果 2311名大学生中,1～2次自伤行为检出率为29.42%,3次及以上自伤行为检出率为8.48%。总体自伤行为女生检出率(38.2%)高于男生(37.6%)(P<0.001);无肉眼可见伤害的自伤行为男生检出率(25.43%)高于女生(23.87%)(P<0.05);具有潜在危害行为的自伤行为男生检出率(19.05%)高于女生(16.19%)(P<0.05)。青少年生活事件中,受惩罚、丧失、人际压力、学习压力、适应因素中大学生自伤行为发生率均有差别(P<0.01)。结论大学生自伤行为与性别和青少年生活事件有关联,女性自伤行为检出率高于男性,负性生活事件是大学生自伤行为的危险因素。应培养女生坚强独立的性格,加强对大学生生活事件与自伤行为关系的了解,以降低大学生自伤行为的发生率。
Objective Study on the influence of gender and life events of teenagers on self-injury behavior among college students. Methods By means of stratified cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was carried out among 2311 college students of Wannan medical college in Wuhu City,Anhui province,and this paper analyzes the influence of gender and adolescent life events on self-injurious behavior among college students.Results Among the 2311 college students,the detection rate of self-injury behavior( 1 ～ 2 times) was29.42% and the detection rate of self-injury behavior( more than 3 times) was 8.48%.The positive rate of selfinjury behavior in girls( 38.2%) was higher than that in boys( 37.6%),P<0.001. The positive rate of self-injury behaviors without visible injuries in the naked eye( 25.43%) in boys was higher than that in girls( 23.87%).Detection of self-injury behaviors with potentially harmful behaviors in boys( 19.05%) was higher than that in girls( 16.19%),P < 0. 001. There were significant differences in punishment,loss,interpersonal stress,learning stress and adaptive factors among adolescent life events( P< 0.01). Conclusions The incidence of self-injury behavior was correlated to gender and life events of adolescent. The incidence of self-injury behavior in women was higher than that in men,and negative self-injury behaviors were the risk factors for self-injury behavior of college students. It is necessary to cultivate strong and independent character of female students and strengthen the understanding of the relationship between college students ' life events and self-injurious behaviors in order to reduce the incidence of self-injurious behaviors among college students.
Objective Study on the influence of gender and life events of teenagers on self-injury behavior among college students. Methods By means of stratified cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was carried out among 2311 college students of Wannan medical college in Wuhu City,Anhui province,and this paper analyzes the influence of gender and adolescent life events on self-injurious behavior among college students.Results Among the 2311 college students,the detection rate of self-injury behavior( 1 ～ 2 times) was29.42% and the detection rate of self-injury behavior( more than 3 times) was 8.48%.The positive rate of selfinjury behavior in girls( 38.2%) was higher than that in boys( 37.6%),P<0.001. The positive rate of self-injury behaviors without visible injuries in the naked eye( 25.43%) in boys was higher than that in girls( 23.87%).Detection of self-injury behaviors with potentially harmful behaviors in boys( 19.05%) was higher than that in girls( 16.19%),P < 0. 001. There were significant differences in punishment,loss,interpersonal stress,learning stress and adaptive factors among adolescent life events( P< 0.01). Conclusions The incidence of self-injury behavior was correlated to gender and life events of adolescent. The incidence of self-injury behavior in women was higher than that in men,and negative self-injury behaviors were the risk factors for self-injury behavior of college students. It is necessary to cultivate strong and independent character of female students and strengthen the understanding of the relationship between college students ' life events and self-injurious behaviors in order to reduce the incidence of self-injurious behaviors among college students.
引文
[1]江光荣,于丽霞,郑莺,等.自伤行为研究:现状、问题与建议[J].心理科学进展,2011,19(6):861-873.
[2]王玉龙,覃雅兰,肖璨,等.父母冲突与青少年自伤的关系:一个有调节的中介模型[J].心理发展与教育,2016,32(3):377-384.
[3] Drza-Fia kiewcz E,Makarewicz A,Walczak M,et al. Self-harman overview of the tools used to assess non-suicidal self-harming behaviors[J].Curr Probl Psychiatry,2017,18(4):342-359.
[4] Newton C,Bale C. A qualitative analysis of perceptions of selfharm in members of the general public[J].Public Mental Health,2012,11(3):106-116.
[5]黄琴琴,张连生.大学生非自杀性自伤行为危险因素分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(8):618-623.
[6] Han A,Wang G,Xu G,et al. A self-harm series and its relationship with childhood adversity among adolescents in mainland China:a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Psychiatry,2018,18(1):28.
[7] Griffin E,Mc Mahon E,Mc Nicholas F,et al.Increasing rates of self-harm among children,adolescents and young adults:a 10-year national registry study 2007–2016[J]. Soc Psych Psych Epid,2018,53(7):663-671.
[8] Bennardi M,Mcmahon E,Corcoran P,et al.Risk of self-harm and associated factors in children,adolescents and young adults[J].BMC Psychiatry,2016,16(1):421.
[9]辛秀红,姚树桥.青少年直接自伤行为的发生率及与生活事件的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(1):124-128.
[10]王婷婷,刘景,陶芳标.高校学生自伤行为及心理社会因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(2):163-165.
[11]唐杰,马颖,郭勇,等.广东省中学生情绪管理与自伤行为的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(7):967-969.
[12] Whitlock J,Muehlenkamp J,Purington A,et al.Nonsuicidal selfinjury in a college population:general trends and sex differences[J].J Am Coll Health,2011,59(8):691-698.
[13]黄蔷薇.青少年非自杀性自伤的危险因素及防范护理[J].天津护理,2017,25(2):185-186.
[14]李欢欢,何恒,王月英,等.负性生活事件对大学生非自杀性自伤行为的影响[J].南昌大学学报(医学版),2018,58(1):81-84.
[15] Law BMF,Shek DTL. A 6-year longitudinal study of self-harm and suicidal behaviors among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong[J].J Pediatr Adol Gynec,2015,29(1):S38-S48.
[16]宋先兵,马双双,王伟,等.医学专科学生童年期虐待经历近期生活事件与非自杀性自伤行为的关联[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(2):189-192.
[17]傅燕艳,唐寒梅,陈小龙,等.偏执敌对与负性生活事件对大学生非自杀性自伤的影响及其交互作用[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(11):1731-1734.
[2]王玉龙,覃雅兰,肖璨,等.父母冲突与青少年自伤的关系:一个有调节的中介模型[J].心理发展与教育,2016,32(3):377-384.
[3] Drza-Fia kiewcz E,Makarewicz A,Walczak M,et al. Self-harman overview of the tools used to assess non-suicidal self-harming behaviors[J].Curr Probl Psychiatry,2017,18(4):342-359.
[4] Newton C,Bale C. A qualitative analysis of perceptions of selfharm in members of the general public[J].Public Mental Health,2012,11(3):106-116.
[5]黄琴琴,张连生.大学生非自杀性自伤行为危险因素分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2016,30(8):618-623.
[6] Han A,Wang G,Xu G,et al. A self-harm series and its relationship with childhood adversity among adolescents in mainland China:a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Psychiatry,2018,18(1):28.
[7] Griffin E,Mc Mahon E,Mc Nicholas F,et al.Increasing rates of self-harm among children,adolescents and young adults:a 10-year national registry study 2007–2016[J]. Soc Psych Psych Epid,2018,53(7):663-671.
[8] Bennardi M,Mcmahon E,Corcoran P,et al.Risk of self-harm and associated factors in children,adolescents and young adults[J].BMC Psychiatry,2016,16(1):421.
[9]辛秀红,姚树桥.青少年直接自伤行为的发生率及与生活事件的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(1):124-128.
[10]王婷婷,刘景,陶芳标.高校学生自伤行为及心理社会因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(2):163-165.
[11]唐杰,马颖,郭勇,等.广东省中学生情绪管理与自伤行为的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(7):967-969.
[12] Whitlock J,Muehlenkamp J,Purington A,et al.Nonsuicidal selfinjury in a college population:general trends and sex differences[J].J Am Coll Health,2011,59(8):691-698.
[13]黄蔷薇.青少年非自杀性自伤的危险因素及防范护理[J].天津护理,2017,25(2):185-186.
[14]李欢欢,何恒,王月英,等.负性生活事件对大学生非自杀性自伤行为的影响[J].南昌大学学报(医学版),2018,58(1):81-84.
[15] Law BMF,Shek DTL. A 6-year longitudinal study of self-harm and suicidal behaviors among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong[J].J Pediatr Adol Gynec,2015,29(1):S38-S48.
[16]宋先兵,马双双,王伟,等.医学专科学生童年期虐待经历近期生活事件与非自杀性自伤行为的关联[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(2):189-192.
[17]傅燕艳,唐寒梅,陈小龙,等.偏执敌对与负性生活事件对大学生非自杀性自伤的影响及其交互作用[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(11):1731-1734.