镁合金表面激光熔敷+搅拌摩擦加工Al-Cu涂层的显微组织与性能
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摘要
采用激光熔敷(Laser cladding,LC)和搅拌摩擦加工(Friction stir processing,FSP)相结合技术在AZ31B镁合金表面制备Al-Cu混合粉末的合金化涂层。采用SEM、EDS、XRD以及电化学腐蚀测试系统对Al-Cu涂层的显微组织特征、相组成以及耐腐蚀性能进行测试。结果表明:LC制备的Al-Cu涂层与基体呈良好的冶金结合,涂层主要由α-Mg、β-Al_(12)Mg_(17)及AlCu_4组成;LC制备的Al-Cu涂层经FSP之后,涂层表面宏观成型平整光滑,表层组织均匀细化。电化学腐蚀结果发现经FSP后的Al-Cu涂层耐腐蚀性能得到明显提升,自腐蚀电位达到-0.989V,比LC涂层的自腐蚀电位(-1.457 V)提高32.1%,比母材的自腐蚀电位(-1.563 V)提高36.7%。
Al-Cu powders were prepared on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy by a method of combining laser cladding and friction stir processing. The microstructure feature, phase component and corrosion resistance of the modified layer were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and electrochemical workstation. The composite modified layers with Al-Cu powders are composed of α-Mg, Al_(12)Mg_(17) and AlCu_4. Both modified layers show very good bonding with the magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the Al-Cu coating is higher than that of the substrate. Compared with the matrix and laser cladding, the maximum self-corrosion potential(-0.989 V) with Al-Cu powders prepared by friction stir processing increases by 36.7% and 32.1%, respectively.
Al-Cu powders were prepared on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy by a method of combining laser cladding and friction stir processing. The microstructure feature, phase component and corrosion resistance of the modified layer were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and electrochemical workstation. The composite modified layers with Al-Cu powders are composed of α-Mg, Al_(12)Mg_(17) and AlCu_4. Both modified layers show very good bonding with the magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the Al-Cu coating is higher than that of the substrate. Compared with the matrix and laser cladding, the maximum self-corrosion potential(-0.989 V) with Al-Cu powders prepared by friction stir processing increases by 36.7% and 32.1%, respectively.
引文
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[21]ZHENG B J,CHEN X M,LIAN J S.Microstructure and wear property of laser cladding Al+Si C powders on AZ91D magnesium alloy[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2010,48:526-532.
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[23]SONG G L,ATRENS A,WU X L,ZHANG B.Corrosion behaviour of AZ21,AZ501 and AZ91 in sodium chloride[J].Corrosion Science,1998,40(10):1769-1791.
[24]崔泽琴,吴宏亮,王文先,许并社.AZ31镁合金表面激光熔敷Cu-Ni合金层[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(9):1665-1670.CUI Ze-qin,WU Hong-liang,WANG Wen-xian,XU Bing-she.Laser cladding Cu-Ni alloy layer on AZ31B magnesium alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(9):1665-1670.
[2]SONG G L,ATRENS A.Corrosion mechanisms of magnesium alloys[J].Advanced Engineering Materials,1999,1:11-33.
[3]PARDO A,MERINO M C,COY A E,ARRABAL R,VIEJO F,MATYKINA E.Corrosion behaviour of magnesium/aluminium alloys in 3.5wt%Na Cl[J].Corrosion Science,2008,50(3):823-834.
[4]张青来,鲍士喜,王荣,钱阳,张永康,李兴成.激光冲击强化对AZ31和AZ91镁合金表面形貌和电化学腐蚀性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(10):2455-2473.ZHANG Qing-lai,BAO Shi-xi,WANG Rong,QIAN Yang,ZHANG Yong-kang,LI Xing-cheng.Effect of laser shock processing on surface morphology and electrochemical corrosion resistance of AZ31 and AZ91 alloys[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(10):2455-2473.
[5]李兴成,张永康,卢雅琳,陈菊芳,周金宇.激光冲击AZ31镁合金抗腐蚀性能研究[J].中国激光,2014,41(4):1-6.LI Xing-cheng,ZHANG Yong-kang,LU Ya-lin,CHEN Ju-fang,ZHOU Jin-yu.Research of corrosion resistance for AZ31magnesium alloy by laser shock processing[J].Chinese Journal of Laser,2014,41(4):1-6.
[6]PAITAL S R,BHATTACHARYA A,MONCAYO M,HO Y H,MAHDAK K,NAG S,BANERJEE R,DAHOTRE N B.Improved corrosion and wear resistance of Mg alloys via laser surface modification of Al on AZ31B[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2012,206:2308-2315.
[7]LIU Fen-jun,MENG Qing-sen,LI Zeng-sheng.Microstructure and properties of alloying coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2016,26:2347-2354.
[8]GAO Ya-li,WANG Cun-shan,PANG Hong-jie,LIU Hong-bin,YAO Man.Broad-beam laser cladding of Al-Cu coating on AZ91HP magnesium alloy[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,253:4917-4922.
[9]ZHU Run-dong,LI Zhi-yong,LI Xiao-xi,SUN Qi.Microstructure and properties of the low-power-laser clad coatings on magnesium alloy with different amount of rare earth addition[J].Applied Surface Science,2015,353:405-413.
[10]LIU Fen-jun,JI Yan,MENG Qing-sen,LI Zeng-sheng.Microstructure and corrosion resistance of laser cladding and friction stir processing hybrid modification Al-Si coatings on AZ31B[J].Vacuum,2016,133:31-37.
[11]CHEN Er-lei,ZHANG Ke-min,ZOU Jian-xin.Laser cladding of a Mg based Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy with Al-Si powders[J].Applied Surface Science,2016,367:11-18.
[12]ZHENG B J,CHEN X M,LIAN J S.Microstructure and wear property of laser cladding Al+Si C powders on AZ91D magnesium alloy[J].Optics and Laser in Engineering,2010,48:526-532.
[13]QIAN Jian-gang,YIN Ying,LI Tie-jun,HU Xiao-tian,WANG Chun,LI Shu-qing.Structure,micro-hardness and corrosion behaviour of the Al-Si/Al2O3 coatings prepared by laser plasma hybrid spraying on magnesium alloy[J].Vacuum,2015,117:55-59.
[14]ZHANG Da-tong,XIONG Feng,ZHANG Wei-wen,QIU Cheng,ZHANG Wen.Superplasticity of AZ31 magnesium alloy prepared by friction stir processing[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2011,21:1911-1916.
[15]SATHISKUMAR R,DINAHARAN I,MURUGAN N,VIJAY S J.Influence of tool rotational speed on microstructure and sliding wear behavior of Cu/B4C surface composite synthesized by friction stir processing[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25:95-102.
[16]黄春平,柯黎明,邢丽,刘鸽平.搅拌摩擦加工研究进展及前景展望[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2011,40(1):183-188.HUANG Chun-ping,KE Li-ming,XING Li,LIU Ge-ping.Research progress and prospect of friction stir processing[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2011,40(1):183-188.
[17]王快社,王文,郭韡,王文礼,武佳蕾.搅拌摩擦加工铸态AZ31镁合金组织与性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2010,39(7):1275-1278.WANG Kuai-she,WANG Wen,GUO Wei,WANG Wen-li,WU Jia-lei.Microstructure and properties of friction stir processed cast AZ31 magnesium alloy[J],2010,39(7):1275-1278.
[18]DARRAS B M,KHRAISHEH M K,ABU-FARHA F K,OMAR M A.Friction stir processing of commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,191:77-81.
[19]CAVALIERE P,DE MARCO P P.Superplastic behavior of friction stir processes AZ91 magnesium alloy produced by high pressure die cast[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,184:77-83.
[20]刘奋军,孟庆森,李增生.AZ31B镁合金表面激光熔敷+搅拌摩擦加工改性层结构与性能[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2016,45(9):2419-2423.LIU Fen-jun,MENG Qing-sen,LI Zeng-sheng.Microstructure and properties of modified layers for AZ31B magnesium alloys by laser cladding+friction stir processing[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2016,45(9):2419-2423.
[21]ZHENG B J,CHEN X M,LIAN J S.Microstructure and wear property of laser cladding Al+Si C powders on AZ91D magnesium alloy[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2010,48:526-532.
[22]MASSALSKI T B,OKAMOTO H,SUBRAMAMIAN P R,KACPRZAK L.Binary alloy phase diagrams[M].2nd ed.Metals Park,OH:ASM International.1990:170.
[23]SONG G L,ATRENS A,WU X L,ZHANG B.Corrosion behaviour of AZ21,AZ501 and AZ91 in sodium chloride[J].Corrosion Science,1998,40(10):1769-1791.
[24]崔泽琴,吴宏亮,王文先,许并社.AZ31镁合金表面激光熔敷Cu-Ni合金层[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(9):1665-1670.CUI Ze-qin,WU Hong-liang,WANG Wen-xian,XU Bing-she.Laser cladding Cu-Ni alloy layer on AZ31B magnesium alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(9):1665-1670.