泥沙浓度与进口压力对迷宫流道滴头堵塞的影响
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摘要
为探明泥沙浓度与进口压力对内镶片式迷宫流道滴头堵塞的原因及规律,采用全组合试验方法。分选出粒径小于0.10 mm的泥沙,配制成3种泥沙浓度的浑水,分别在0.025和0.075 MPa压力下,采用周期性间歇灌水试验观测流量变化,通过激光粒度仪分析堵塞泥沙粒径,结合克里斯琴森均匀系数和滴头相对流量分析滴头堵塞规律。试验结果表明:0.025 MPa,堵塞部位分布较集中,且堵塞部位较靠管末;0.075 MPa,堵塞部位分布较分散,且均匀地分布在滴灌管上。相同泥沙浓度下,0.075 MPa压力较0.025 MPa易引起滴头堵塞;滴头堵塞程度并不完全随泥沙浓度增大而加快,部分浓度较小的浑水堵塞发展较快于浓度较大的浑水,在一定的压力下,存在易造成滴头堵塞的敏感浓度范围。
In order to find out the reasons and rules of the clogging of the head of the labyrinth block of the inlaid labyrinth,the method of full combination test was used to investigate the reasons of the sediment concentration and the inlet pressure. The sediment particle size less than 0.10 mm were sorted out,3 kinds of sediment concentration of muddy water were prepared,the flow changes of the periodic intermittent irrigation experiment were observed under the pressure of 0. 025 and 0. 075 MPa,the blocking sand was analyzed by laser particle size analyzer,and the emitter clogging law was analyzed through the combination of Christianse uniformity coefficient and relative flow analysis of emitter. The results show that under the pressure of 0.025 MPa,the distribution of plugging parts is concentrated and the blockage is close to the end of the pipe; under the pressure of 0.075 MPa,the distribution of the plugging parts is dispersed and evenly distributed on the drip irrigation pipe; under the same sediment concentration,the emitter is more easily to be clogged under the pressure of 0. 075 MPa pressure than 0.025 MPa; the clogging degree is not completely increased with the increase of sediment concentration; the blocking develops more rapidly in muddy water with lower concentration than larger concentration; there has a sensitive concentration range under a certain pressure.
In order to find out the reasons and rules of the clogging of the head of the labyrinth block of the inlaid labyrinth,the method of full combination test was used to investigate the reasons of the sediment concentration and the inlet pressure. The sediment particle size less than 0.10 mm were sorted out,3 kinds of sediment concentration of muddy water were prepared,the flow changes of the periodic intermittent irrigation experiment were observed under the pressure of 0. 025 and 0. 075 MPa,the blocking sand was analyzed by laser particle size analyzer,and the emitter clogging law was analyzed through the combination of Christianse uniformity coefficient and relative flow analysis of emitter. The results show that under the pressure of 0.025 MPa,the distribution of plugging parts is concentrated and the blockage is close to the end of the pipe; under the pressure of 0.075 MPa,the distribution of the plugging parts is dispersed and evenly distributed on the drip irrigation pipe; under the same sediment concentration,the emitter is more easily to be clogged under the pressure of 0. 075 MPa pressure than 0.025 MPa; the clogging degree is not completely increased with the increase of sediment concentration; the blocking develops more rapidly in muddy water with lower concentration than larger concentration; there has a sensitive concentration range under a certain pressure.
引文
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[22]刘璐,牛文全,Bob Zhou.细小泥沙粒径对迷宫流道灌水器堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):87-93.
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[24]牛文全,吴普特,范兴科.低压滴灌系统研究[J].节水灌溉,2005,(2):29-30.
[25]洪明,李援农,马英杰等.不同流态条件下低压滴灌灌水器工作水头与灌水均匀度关系的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,(8):8-11.
[26]Christiansen J E.Irrigation by sprinkling[R].California Agricultural Experiment Station,Sacramento,California,1942.
[27]闫大壮,刘杰,杨培岭.滴头堵塞诱发过程及其可控方法的研究进展[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,(4):39-41.
[28]牛文全,喻黎明,吴普特,等.迷宫流道转角对灌水器抗堵塞性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(9):51-55.
[29]RAVINA I,PAZ E,SOFER Z,et al.Control of emitter clogging in drip irrigation with reclaimed wastewater[J].Irrigation Science,1992,13(3):129-139.
[30]PEI Y,LI Y,LIU Y,et al.Eight emitters clogging characteristics and its suitability under on-site reclaimed water drip irrigation[J].Irrigation Science,2014,32(2):141-157.
[31]刘璐,李康勇,牛文全,等.温度对施肥滴灌系统滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):98-104.
[32]王德次.滴灌灌水器及其设计要点[J].中国农村水利水电,2007,(3):53-54.
[33]张建婷,樊贵盛,马丹妮.低温区温室大棚滴灌系统设计的若干问题[J].中国农村水利水电,2012,(8):34-37.
[34]孙其诚,辛海丽,刘建国,等.颗粒体系中的骨架及力链网络[J].岩土力学,2009,30:83-87.
[35]吴泽广,张子卓,张珂萌,等.泥沙粒径与含沙量对迷宫流道滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(7):99-108.
[2]Gilbert R G,Nakayama F S,Bucks D A,et al.Trickle irrigation:Emitter clogging and other flow problems[J].Agricultural Water Management,1981,3(3):159-178.
[3]Kreij C,Burg M,Runia T.Drip irrigation emitter clogging in Dutch greenhouses as affected by methane and organic acids[J].Agricultural Water Management,2003,60:73-85.
[4]杜敏,范兴科,吴普特.滴头堵塞研究现状及预防措施[J].农机化研究,2004,(2):110-111.
[5]杨培岭,雷显龙.滴灌用灌水器的发展及研究[J].节水灌溉,2000,(3):17-18.
[6]刘璐,牛文全.滴灌灌水器流道堵塞及防治研究进展[J].农机化研究,2012,(4):13-18.
[7]Bucks D A,Nakayama F R.Trickle irrigation water quality and preventive maintenance[J].Agricultural Water Management,1979,2(2):149-162.
[8]姚春刚,张友.滴灌管堵塞的原因及解决方法[J].农业技术与装备,2009,(2):33-35.
[9]王福军,王文娥.滴头流道CFD分析的研究进展与问题[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(7):188-192.
[10]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.泥沙粒径及压力对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].节水灌溉,2014,(10):18-21.
[11]王心阳,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.温室小管径滴灌管堵塞的影响因素及堵塞规律分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(4):144-148.
[12]牛文全,刘璐.浑水特性与水温对滴头抗堵塞性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(3):39-45.
[13]王建东.滴头水力性能与抗堵塞性能试验研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2004.
[14]穆乃君,张昕,李光永,等.內镶片式齿型迷宫滴头抗堵塞试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(8):34-39.
[15]曹蒙,魏正英,葛令行,等.滴头壁面形貌对颗粒与壁面黏附特性的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,2009,43(9):120-124.
[16]王文娥,王福军,牛文全,等.滴头流道结构对悬浮颗粒分布影响的数值分析[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(5):1-6.
[17]闫大壮,杨培岭,任树梅.滴头流道中颗粒物质运移动态分析与CFD模拟[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(6):71-74.
[18]李治勤,陈刚,杨晓池.浑水引起迷宫灌水器物理堵塞因素试验研究[J].西安理工大学学报,2006,22(4):395-398.
[19]徐文礼,李治勤.迷宫灌水器堵塞与输沙能力试验研究[J].山西水利科技,2008,(2):10-12.
[20]葛令行,魏正英,曹蒙,等.微小迷宫流道中沙粒的沉积规律[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(3):20-24.
[21]马晓鹏,龚时宏,王建东,等.额定压力及低压下內镶片式滴头抗堵塞性能试验[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(7):86-90.
[22]刘璐,牛文全,Bob Zhou.细小泥沙粒径对迷宫流道灌水器堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(1):87-93.
[23]姚振宪,何松林.滴灌设备与滴灌系统规划设计[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[24]牛文全,吴普特,范兴科.低压滴灌系统研究[J].节水灌溉,2005,(2):29-30.
[25]洪明,李援农,马英杰等.不同流态条件下低压滴灌灌水器工作水头与灌水均匀度关系的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,(8):8-11.
[26]Christiansen J E.Irrigation by sprinkling[R].California Agricultural Experiment Station,Sacramento,California,1942.
[27]闫大壮,刘杰,杨培岭.滴头堵塞诱发过程及其可控方法的研究进展[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,(4):39-41.
[28]牛文全,喻黎明,吴普特,等.迷宫流道转角对灌水器抗堵塞性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(9):51-55.
[29]RAVINA I,PAZ E,SOFER Z,et al.Control of emitter clogging in drip irrigation with reclaimed wastewater[J].Irrigation Science,1992,13(3):129-139.
[30]PEI Y,LI Y,LIU Y,et al.Eight emitters clogging characteristics and its suitability under on-site reclaimed water drip irrigation[J].Irrigation Science,2014,32(2):141-157.
[31]刘璐,李康勇,牛文全,等.温度对施肥滴灌系统滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):98-104.
[32]王德次.滴灌灌水器及其设计要点[J].中国农村水利水电,2007,(3):53-54.
[33]张建婷,樊贵盛,马丹妮.低温区温室大棚滴灌系统设计的若干问题[J].中国农村水利水电,2012,(8):34-37.
[34]孙其诚,辛海丽,刘建国,等.颗粒体系中的骨架及力链网络[J].岩土力学,2009,30:83-87.
[35]吴泽广,张子卓,张珂萌,等.泥沙粒径与含沙量对迷宫流道滴头堵塞的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(7):99-108.