工业锅炉运行能效分析与研究
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摘要
为有效掌握杭州工业锅炉运行整体能效状况,为锅炉节能提供理论和技术依据,对183台工业锅炉进行了能效测试。测试采用运行工况热效率简单测试,热效率采用反平衡计算方法。测试完毕,从排烟温度、过量空气系数、炉渣含碳量、炉体外表面温度、负荷率及热效率等指标对测试结果进行分析,并提出造成的原因和改进措施。结论如下:排烟温度和过量空气系数普遍偏高;炉渣含碳量和炉体外表面温度控制较好;锅炉负荷率整体偏低,燃煤/生物质锅炉平均负荷率只有58%;热效率总体偏低,燃油(气)锅炉较好,平均为88%,而燃煤/生物质锅炉平均仅为69%;2 t/h以下锅炉是淘汰重点,2~20 t/h锅炉节能空间较大。
In order to effectively grasp the overall energy efficiency condition of industrial boiler operation in Hangzhou and provide theoretical and technical basis for the boiler energy saving,183 industrial boilers were tested for energy efficiency. Test method was adopted to the boiler thermal efficiency simple test by running condition. Thermal efficiency was used to anti balance calculation method. After the test,the results were analyzed from the exhaust gas temperature,excess air coefficient,the carbon content in slag,furnace outer surface temperature,loading rate and thermal efficiency. The conclusions are as follows:exhaust gas temperature and excess air coefficient is generally high; the carbon content in slag and the furnace outer surface temperature control is better; the boiler load rate is low,coal/biomass boiler average load rate is only 58%; the thermal efficiency is generally low,the fuel( gas) boiler is better,the average is 88%,while the coal-fired/biomass boiler average is only 69%; the boiler below 2 t/h is the key point of elimination,and the energy saving space of the 2 ~ 20 t/h boiler is larger.
In order to effectively grasp the overall energy efficiency condition of industrial boiler operation in Hangzhou and provide theoretical and technical basis for the boiler energy saving,183 industrial boilers were tested for energy efficiency. Test method was adopted to the boiler thermal efficiency simple test by running condition. Thermal efficiency was used to anti balance calculation method. After the test,the results were analyzed from the exhaust gas temperature,excess air coefficient,the carbon content in slag,furnace outer surface temperature,loading rate and thermal efficiency. The conclusions are as follows:exhaust gas temperature and excess air coefficient is generally high; the carbon content in slag and the furnace outer surface temperature control is better; the boiler load rate is low,coal/biomass boiler average load rate is only 58%; the thermal efficiency is generally low,the fuel( gas) boiler is better,the average is 88%,while the coal-fired/biomass boiler average is only 69%; the boiler below 2 t/h is the key point of elimination,and the energy saving space of the 2 ~ 20 t/h boiler is larger.
引文
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[3]燃煤锅炉节能环保综合提升工程实施方案[R].北京:2014.
[4]许崇涛,张旭,陈志刚,等.天津市在用工业锅炉能效统计分析及节能对策[J].工业锅炉,2016(4):42-45.
[5]卢黎明,黄晖,曹勇,等.在用工业锅炉能效状况分析与对策[J].工业锅炉,2016(1):44-47.
[6]赵海滨,冯维君,刘乐雄,等.浙江省工业锅炉节能现状与对策[J].中国特种设备安全,2014,30(8):56-61.
[7]毕克刚,魏云辉,周亚洁,等.浅议现场节能监测在节能监察中的重要作用[J].节能技术,2016,34(3):239-243.
[8]刘明舜.一台燃气锅炉能效测试结果分析及值得探讨的问题[J].质量技术监督研究,2016(4):9-12.
[9]孙刚,齐国利.工业锅炉能效测试的炉渣和飞灰含碳量测定方法[J].节能技术,2014,32(2):155-157.
[10]卢伟业,李越胜,冯国行,等.一种用于燃天然气蒸汽锅炉热效率的快速预测方法[J].节能技术,2017,35(1):21-25.