5CrNiMo合金钢盐浴渗铬覆层厚度模型
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摘要
利用TD盐浴渗铬技术,在1173、1223和1273 K下,分别对5CrNiMo合金钢进行0～6 h的盐浴渗铬实验,以探究覆层厚度与TD处理时间和TD处理温度的规律。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和带能谱仪的扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)研究了覆层的物相和表面形貌。结果表明:覆层中主要物相为M_7C_3和Cr_7C_3,覆层致密且与基体结合良好;当TD处理时间大于1 h时,覆层厚度与TD处理温度和TD处理时间遵循抛物线规律:d~2=5743exp(-18492/T)t,其扩散激活能为154.3 kJ/mol。根据覆层厚度与TD处理时间和处理温度的规律,绘制出5CrNiMo合金钢盐浴渗铬的覆层厚度等高线图,便于在实际生产中,对覆层厚度进行预测。根据不同基体的厚度数学模型对比图,可以得出基体含碳量越高,生成的覆层的厚度越大。
In order to investigate the coating thickness variation on TD(thermal diffusion) treatment time and TD treatment temperature, the salt bath chromizing experiments of 5 CrNiMo alloy steel were carried out at 1173, 1223 and 1273 K for 0-6 h by using TD salt bath chromizing technology. The phase and surface morphology of the coating were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. The results show that the coating mainly consists of M_7C_3 and Cr_7C_3, and the coating is dense and well bonded with the substrate. When the TD treatment time is more than 1 h, the coating thickness, TD treatment temperature and TD treatment time follow the parabolic law: d~2=5743 exp(-18492/T)t, and the diffusion activation energy is 154.3 kJ/mol. According to the rules of the coating thickness, TD treatment time and TD treatment temperature, the contour diagram of coating thickness of the 5 CrNiMo alloy steel during salt bath chromizing is drawn, which is convenient to predict the coating thickness in actual production. According to the contrast diagram of mathematical models of different matrix thickness, it can be concluded that the higher the carbon content of the matrix, the greater the thickness of the coating.
In order to investigate the coating thickness variation on TD(thermal diffusion) treatment time and TD treatment temperature, the salt bath chromizing experiments of 5 CrNiMo alloy steel were carried out at 1173, 1223 and 1273 K for 0-6 h by using TD salt bath chromizing technology. The phase and surface morphology of the coating were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. The results show that the coating mainly consists of M_7C_3 and Cr_7C_3, and the coating is dense and well bonded with the substrate. When the TD treatment time is more than 1 h, the coating thickness, TD treatment temperature and TD treatment time follow the parabolic law: d~2=5743 exp(-18492/T)t, and the diffusion activation energy is 154.3 kJ/mol. According to the rules of the coating thickness, TD treatment time and TD treatment temperature, the contour diagram of coating thickness of the 5 CrNiMo alloy steel during salt bath chromizing is drawn, which is convenient to predict the coating thickness in actual production. According to the contrast diagram of mathematical models of different matrix thickness, it can be concluded that the higher the carbon content of the matrix, the greater the thickness of the coating.
引文
[1] 张九渊.表面工程与失效分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2005.
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[13] Sen U.Kinetics of titanium nitride coatings deposited by thermo-reactive deposition technique[J].Vacuum,2004,75(4):339-345.
[14] Khalaj G,Nazari A,Khoie S M M,et al.Chromium carbonitride coating produced on DIN 1.2210 steel by thermo-reactive deposition technique:Thermodynamics,kinetics and modeling[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2013,225(7):1-10.
[15] Sen S.A study on kinetics of CrxC-coated high-chromium steel by thermo-reactive diffusion technique[J].Vacuum,2005,79(1):63-70.
[16] 萨姆塞诺夫.难熔化合物分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1965.
[17] Zarchi H R K,Jalaly M,Soltanieh M,et al.Formation of Chromium Carbide Layer on Carburized AISI 1020 Steel by Thermal Reactive Diffusion (TRD) Technique and Evaluation of its Kinetics[DB/OL].http://www.researchgate.net/publication/267404220,2015.
[2] 曾晓雁,吴懿平.表面工程学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[3] 王国佐.钢的化学热处理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1980.
[4] 谢志雄,董仕节.TD处理技术及其应用[J].新技术新工艺,2004(12):58-59.XIE Zhi-xiong,DONG Shi-jie.Technology and its applications of thermal diffusion process[J].New Technology and New Process,2014(12):58-59.
[5] 陈涛,杨世芳,陈彬南.稀土硅镁-三氧化二铬-硼砂盐浴渗铬的研究[J].金属热处理,1987(6):17-22.CHEN Tao,YANG Shi-fang,CHEN Bin-nan.Study on the chromizing in xtMg9-8-Cr2O3-Na2B4O7 salt bath[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,1987(6):17-22.
[6] 蔺涛涛.几种热作模具材料表面TD渗铬的工艺研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.LIN Tao-tao.Crafts research of TD chromizing carbide coating of some hot working die materials[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2010.
[7] 新井透,水谷正,小松登.種々の添加物を含む溶融硼砂浴に浸漬された鋼に形成される拡散層[J].日本金属学会誌,1975(39):247-255.Tohru A,Masayoshi M,Noboru K.Diffusion layers of steel surfaces immersed in fused borax baths containing various kinds of additives[J].Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials,1975(39):247-255.
[8] 新井透,太田幸,小松登.鋼の靱性におよぼす溶融塩浸漬法による炭化物被覆の影響(表面処理鋼材)(表面処理)[J].鐵と鋼:日本鐡鋼協會々誌,1986,72(8):1198-1205.Tohru A,Yukio O,Noboru K.Effect of carbide coatings by salt bath immersion on toughness of steels (Heavy duty coated steel)[J].Tetsu-To-Hagane/Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,1986,72(8):1198-1205.
[9] 楼白杨.碳钢的渗钛模型[J].热加工工艺,1992,1(21):33-34.LOU Bai-yang.A mathematical model for titanizing of steel[J].Hot Working Technology,1992,1(21):33-34.
[10] 郝士明,孙荣耀.钢中碳活度对碳化物覆层扩散处理动力学的影响[J].金属学报,1989,25(2):100-103.HAO Shi-ming,SUN Rong-yao.Effect of carbon activity in steel on diffusion process dynamics of carbide coating[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,1989,25(2):100-103.
[11] 刘秀娟.模具钢表面TD法制备碳化钒覆层的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2007.LIU Xiu-juan.Study on vanadium carbide coating on die steels by thermal diffusion process[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2007.
[12] Sen U.Kinetics of niobium carbide coating produced on AISI 1040 steel by thermo-reactive deposition technique[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2004,86(1):189-194.
[13] Sen U.Kinetics of titanium nitride coatings deposited by thermo-reactive deposition technique[J].Vacuum,2004,75(4):339-345.
[14] Khalaj G,Nazari A,Khoie S M M,et al.Chromium carbonitride coating produced on DIN 1.2210 steel by thermo-reactive deposition technique:Thermodynamics,kinetics and modeling[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2013,225(7):1-10.
[15] Sen S.A study on kinetics of CrxC-coated high-chromium steel by thermo-reactive diffusion technique[J].Vacuum,2005,79(1):63-70.
[16] 萨姆塞诺夫.难熔化合物分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1965.
[17] Zarchi H R K,Jalaly M,Soltanieh M,et al.Formation of Chromium Carbide Layer on Carburized AISI 1020 Steel by Thermal Reactive Diffusion (TRD) Technique and Evaluation of its Kinetics[DB/OL].http://www.researchgate.net/publication/267404220,2015.