AZ80镁合金表面冷喷涂316L涂层的微观组织及性能
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摘要
为了提高AZ80镁合金的耐磨及耐腐蚀性能,利用冷喷涂技术在其表面制备了316L不锈钢涂层。采用X射线衍射仪及扫描电镜对涂层的相结构、微观组织及粒子与基板的碰撞行为进行了分析,采用万能力学试验机测试了涂层的结合强度及内聚强度,并分别测试了涂层与块体的摩擦磨损及电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:冷喷涂316L粒子与镁合金基板的碰撞行为主要呈现两种方式,一种是粒子在镁合金基板表面产生冲蚀坑,未能形成有效结合,另一种是粒子以球形方式嵌入镁合金基板内部,基板在两种碰撞行为中都形成射流,结合机理主要是机械咬合。316L涂层磨损率为1.16×10~(-4) mm~3/(N·m),其耐磨性较镁合金提高了8倍,涂层的自腐蚀电流较镁合金基体降低了4个数量级,能够有效保护镁合金基板。
In order to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of AZ80 magnesium alloy, 316 L stainless steel coating was prepared on its surface by cold spraying technology. The phase structure, microstructure and the impact behavior between particles and substrate were analyzed by means of X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. The bonding strength between the coating and the substrate was tested by universal mechanical testing machine. The friction, wear and electrochemical corrosion properties of the coating and the 316 L bulk were tested. The results show that the impact behavior between cold sprayed 316 L particles and magnesium alloy substrate is mainly in two ways: one is that the particles produce erosion pits on the surface of magnesium alloy substrate, which is unable to form an effective combination between the particles and the magnesium alloy substrate, the other is that the particles are embedded in the magnesium alloy substrate in a spherical manner, and the substrate forms a jet in both impact behaviors. The wear rate of the 316 L coating is 1.16 ×10~(-4) mm~3/(N·m), and the wear resistance of the coating is 8 times higher than that of the magnesium alloy. The self-corrosion current of the coating is reduced by four orders of magnitude compared with that of the magnesium alloy substrate, which can effectively protect the magnesium alloy substrate.
In order to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of AZ80 magnesium alloy, 316 L stainless steel coating was prepared on its surface by cold spraying technology. The phase structure, microstructure and the impact behavior between particles and substrate were analyzed by means of X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. The bonding strength between the coating and the substrate was tested by universal mechanical testing machine. The friction, wear and electrochemical corrosion properties of the coating and the 316 L bulk were tested. The results show that the impact behavior between cold sprayed 316 L particles and magnesium alloy substrate is mainly in two ways: one is that the particles produce erosion pits on the surface of magnesium alloy substrate, which is unable to form an effective combination between the particles and the magnesium alloy substrate, the other is that the particles are embedded in the magnesium alloy substrate in a spherical manner, and the substrate forms a jet in both impact behaviors. The wear rate of the 316 L coating is 1.16 ×10~(-4) mm~3/(N·m), and the wear resistance of the coating is 8 times higher than that of the magnesium alloy. The self-corrosion current of the coating is reduced by four orders of magnitude compared with that of the magnesium alloy substrate, which can effectively protect the magnesium alloy substrate.
引文
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[16] 马广璐,崔新宇,沈艳芳,等.基体材料力学性能对316L不锈钢颗粒沉积行为的影响[J].金属学报,2016,52(12):1610-1618.MA Guang-lu,CUI Xin-yu,SHEN Yan-fang,et al.Influence of substrate mechanical properties on deposition behaviour of 316L stainless powder[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2016,52(12):1610-1618.
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[18] Spencer K,Fabijanic D M,Zhang M X.The influence of Al2O3 reinforcement on the properties of stainless steel cold spray coatings[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2012,206(14):3275-3282.
[19] Zhao L,Lugscheider E.Influence of the spraying processes on the properties of 316L stainless steel coatings[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2003,162(1):6-10.
[2] Abbott T B.Magnesium:Industrial and research developments over the last 15 years[J].Corrosion,2015,71(2):120-127.
[3] Guilemany J M,Fernandez J,Espallargas N,et al.Influence of spraying parameters on the electrochemical behaviour of HVOF thermally sprayed stainless steel coatings in 3.4% NaCl[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200(9):3064-3072.
[4] Garcia-Rodriguez S,Lopez A J,Torres B,et al.316L stainless steel coatings on ZE41 magnesium alloy using HVOF thermal spray for corrosion protection[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2016,287:9-19.
[5] Sundararajan G,Phani P S,Jyothirmayi A,et al.The Influence of heat treatment on the microstructural,mechanical and corrosion behaviour of cold sprayed ss 316L coatings[J].Journal of Materials Science,2009,44(9):2320-2326.
[6] Xie Y,Planche M P,Raoelison R,et al.Effect of substrate preheating on adhesive strength of ss 316L cold spray coatings[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2016,25(1):1-8.
[7] Dikici B,Yilmazer H,Ozdemir I,et al.The effect of post-heat treatment on microstructure of 316L cold sprayed coatings and their corrosion performance[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2016,25(4):704-714.
[8] Al-Mangour B,Vo P,Mongrain R,et al.Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of stainless steel 316L coatings produced by cold spray for biomedical applications[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2014,23(4):641-652.
[9] Sova A,Grigoriev S,Okunkova A,et al.Cold spray deposition of 316L stainless steel coatings on aluminium surface with following laser post-treatment[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2013,235:283-289.
[10] Assadi H,Gartner F,Stoltenhoff T,et al.Bonding mechanism in cold gas spraying[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(15):4379-4394.
[11] King P C,Zahiri S H,Jahedi M.Focused ion beam micro-dissection of cold-sprayed particles[J].Acta Materialia,2008,56(19):5617-5626.
[12] King P C,Bae G,Zahiri S H,et al.An experimental and finite element study of cold spray copper impact onto two aluminum substrates[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2010,19(3):620-634.
[13] Grujicic M,Zhao C L,Derosset W S,et al.Adiabatic shear instability based mechanism for particles/substrate bonding in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process[J].Materials and Design,2004,25(8):681-688.
[14] Grujicic M,Saylor J R,Beasley D E,et al.Computational analysis of the interfacial bonding between feed-powder particles and the substrate in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process[J].Applied Surface Science,2003,219(3/4):211-227.
[15] Li W Y,Zhang C,Guo X,et al.Study on impact fusion at particle interfaces and its effect on coating microstructure in cold spraying[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,254(2):517-526.
[16] 马广璐,崔新宇,沈艳芳,等.基体材料力学性能对316L不锈钢颗粒沉积行为的影响[J].金属学报,2016,52(12):1610-1618.MA Guang-lu,CUI Xin-yu,SHEN Yan-fang,et al.Influence of substrate mechanical properties on deposition behaviour of 316L stainless powder[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2016,52(12):1610-1618.
[17] Villa M,Dosta S,Guilemany J M.Optimization of 316L stainless steel coatings on light alloys using cold gas spray[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2013,235(22):220-225.
[18] Spencer K,Fabijanic D M,Zhang M X.The influence of Al2O3 reinforcement on the properties of stainless steel cold spray coatings[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2012,206(14):3275-3282.
[19] Zhao L,Lugscheider E.Influence of the spraying processes on the properties of 316L stainless steel coatings[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2003,162(1):6-10.