高磷鲕状赤铁矿金属化还原焙烧—磁选—熔分新工艺研究
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摘要
针对高磷鲕状赤铁矿中有价组元铁与杂质元素磷、硅、铝的分离难题,提出了低温选择性金属化还原—磁选—熔分处理新工艺,添加复合促进剂强化还原并促进金属铁微粒迁移、聚集、长大。研究了焙烧温度、促进剂用量、煤量、焙烧时间等条件对焙砂磨矿磁选后精矿铁品位、铁回收率及脱杂效果的影响。结果表明,添加剂对铁的富集及脱杂影响显著。优化的焙烧工艺条件下,原矿加入6%促进剂、25%的煤,975℃下恒温焙烧150 min,焙砂中铁主要以单质铁呈棒条状、蠕虫状产出,利于磨矿解离;磷仍主要以磷灰石存在;焙砂经磨矿—磁选,可获得含Fe 86.77%、P0.20%、Al_2O_3 1.81%、SiO_2 3.86%的精矿类海绵铁粉,Fe回收率>88%;类海绵铁粉在1 550℃下熔分,可以得到含磷小于0.01%、含铁大于99%的优质铁水,全流程Fe回收率>85%,杂质磷、硅、铝脱除率>99%,实现了铁的高效回收和铁与磷、硅、铝组元的深度分离。
Focusing on the intractable issue of the separation of the valuable element( iron) and impurity elements( phosphorus,silicon and aluminum) from the high phosphorus oolitic hematite ores,this paper develops a new technology including selectively metallized reduction in low temperature and magnetic separation followed by melting seperation,adding composite promoters to improve reduction and promote metallic iron particles migration,accumulation and growing. Through the examinations of the influences of roasting temperature,roasting time,dosage of promoters and reducing agent( coal) on the impurities removal,the grade of Fe and the Fe recovery in the magnetic-seperation concentrate,the results indicate that annexing agent has significant effects on iron enrichment and impurities removal. In the optimum process parameters of the raw ore reduction roasting time 150 min at 975 ℃ with 6 % promoters and 25 % coal,iron which is bar strip and vermicular,mainly existed in the elemental form,phosphorus still existed as apatite. The calcine was processed by grinding and magnetic seperation to get a kind of spong iron concentrate with 86. 77 % Fe,0. 20 % P,1. 81 % Al_2O_3 and 3. 86 % SiO_2,the Fe recovery being more than 88%. Next,spong iron concentrate repassed melting seperation at 1 550 ℃,quality molten iron with P < 0. 01 %,Fe > 99 % could directly be prduced. The iron recovery of the whole process is more then 85 %,the phosphorus,aluminun and silicon impurity removal rate more then 99 %. This new technology can efficiently recovery iron and effectively achieve the seperation of iron and phosphorus,silicon,aluminum.
Focusing on the intractable issue of the separation of the valuable element( iron) and impurity elements( phosphorus,silicon and aluminum) from the high phosphorus oolitic hematite ores,this paper develops a new technology including selectively metallized reduction in low temperature and magnetic separation followed by melting seperation,adding composite promoters to improve reduction and promote metallic iron particles migration,accumulation and growing. Through the examinations of the influences of roasting temperature,roasting time,dosage of promoters and reducing agent( coal) on the impurities removal,the grade of Fe and the Fe recovery in the magnetic-seperation concentrate,the results indicate that annexing agent has significant effects on iron enrichment and impurities removal. In the optimum process parameters of the raw ore reduction roasting time 150 min at 975 ℃ with 6 % promoters and 25 % coal,iron which is bar strip and vermicular,mainly existed in the elemental form,phosphorus still existed as apatite. The calcine was processed by grinding and magnetic seperation to get a kind of spong iron concentrate with 86. 77 % Fe,0. 20 % P,1. 81 % Al_2O_3 and 3. 86 % SiO_2,the Fe recovery being more than 88%. Next,spong iron concentrate repassed melting seperation at 1 550 ℃,quality molten iron with P < 0. 01 %,Fe > 99 % could directly be prduced. The iron recovery of the whole process is more then 85 %,the phosphorus,aluminun and silicon impurity removal rate more then 99 %. This new technology can efficiently recovery iron and effectively achieve the seperation of iron and phosphorus,silicon,aluminum.
引文
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[2]袁致涛,高太,印万忠,等.我国难选铁矿石资源利用的现状及发展方向[J].金属矿山,2007(1):1-6.
[3]张裕书,丁亚卓,龚文琪.宁乡式鲕状赤铁矿选矿研究进展[J].金属矿山,2010(8):92-96.
[4]张锦瑞,胡力可,梁银英,等.难选鲕状赤铁矿的研究利用现状及展望[J].中国矿业,2007,16(7):74-76.
[5]WILLIAM A.Exploitation of iron ore in western Australia[J].ASIA,1999,40:12-15.
[6]SURAJIT G D.Raw materials for iron and steel industrythe indian seenario[J].Iron&Steel Review,1999(10):29-32.
[7]CHAUHAN S B S.Status of Indian ores and mines for steel industry[J].Iron&Steel Review,2000(4):9-11.
[8]黄晓毅,王景双,周波.高磷铁矿降磷技术进展[J].矿山保护与利用,2009(2):50-54.
[9]闫武,张裕书,刘亚川.EM-501对高磷鲕状赤铁矿的脱磷效果[J].金属矿山,2010(8):55-58.
[10]李广涛,张宗华,张昱,等.四川某高磷鲕状赤褐铁矿石选矿试验研究[J].金属矿山,2008(4):43-46,55.
[11]JIN Y S,JIANG T,YANG Y B,et al.Removal of phosphorus from iron ores by chemical leaching[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology(English Edition),2006,13(6):673-667.
[12]周建军,朱庆山,王化军,等.某鲕状赤褐铁矿流化床磁化焙烧—磁选工艺[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(2):307-313.
[14]朱德庆,春铁军,潘建,等.某高磷铁矿提铁降磷研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(3):568-573.
[15]WU J,WEN Z J,CEN M J.Development of technologies for high phosphorus oolitic hematite utilization[J].Steel Res.Int.,2011,82:494-500.
[16]揭晓武,王成彦,尹飞,等.残积型红土镍矿金属化焙烧—磁选高效回收镍铁[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2015(5):10-13.
[17]FEILMAYR C,THURNHOFER A,WINRER F,et al.Reduction behavior of hematite to magnetite under fluidized bed conditions[J].ISIJ International,2004,44(7):1125.
[18]LI K Q,NI W,ZHU M,et al.Iron extraction from oolitic iron ore by a deep reduction process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International.2011,18(8):09-13.
[19]JIANG T,LIU M D,LI G H,et al.Sodium salt added reduction process treating high-aluminum content limonite ores[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(3):565-571.
[20]李国峰,高鹏,韩跃新,等.高磷鲕状赤铁矿深度还原过程中磷的迁移行为[J].金属矿石,2017(2):43-47.
[21]LIY L,SUN T C,KOU J,et al.Industry test on phosphorus removal and direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,402:535-541.