面向变电站安全监控的视频智能终端布点优化
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摘要
人工智能视频监控技术在变电站安全监控与管理工作方面具有广阔应用前景。为提高智能变电站的视频监控系统中摄像头终端的利用效率,研究了智能摄像头终端的优化布点模型和算法。首先,基于栅格化思想对变电站平面图进行区域划分,提出采用监控区域重要度矩阵来描述区域和设备的重要程度。然后,建立了摄像头终端监控范围的清晰度离散模型。据此引入监控乘子函数建立以平均监控距离最小为目标,考虑摄像头选型选址和购置成本约束的变电站监控摄像头终端布点优化模型。并采用遗传算法求解该模型得到其优化布点方案。最后,通过仿真算例验证了模型在减少监控盲区数量的有效性和实用性,具有较高的工程应用价值。
Artificial intelligence video surveillance technology has broad application prospects in substation safety monitoring and management. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the camera terminal in the video surveillance system of smart substation, the optimization layout model and algorithm of the smart camera terminal are studied. Firstly, based on the idea of rasterization, the plan of the substation is divided into regions. And the importance matrix of monitoring area is proposed to describe the importance of regions and equipment. Then, a definition discrete model of camera monitoring range is established. Based on this, the monitoring multiplier function is introduced to establish the layout optimization model for substation surveillance cameras terminals. This model takes the minimum average monitoring distance as the optimization goal, taking into account the constraints of camera selection and site selection and acquisition cost. And then the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model to get the optimal layout of the cameras. Finally, the validity and practicability of the model in reducing the number of monitoring blind spots are verified by simulation example, which has high engineering application value.
Artificial intelligence video surveillance technology has broad application prospects in substation safety monitoring and management. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the camera terminal in the video surveillance system of smart substation, the optimization layout model and algorithm of the smart camera terminal are studied. Firstly, based on the idea of rasterization, the plan of the substation is divided into regions. And the importance matrix of monitoring area is proposed to describe the importance of regions and equipment. Then, a definition discrete model of camera monitoring range is established. Based on this, the monitoring multiplier function is introduced to establish the layout optimization model for substation surveillance cameras terminals. This model takes the minimum average monitoring distance as the optimization goal, taking into account the constraints of camera selection and site selection and acquisition cost. And then the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model to get the optimal layout of the cameras. Finally, the validity and practicability of the model in reducing the number of monitoring blind spots are verified by simulation example, which has high engineering application value.
引文
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[15]滕井玉,蒋正威,杜奇伟,等.基于视频集成及智能分析的一键式程序化控制技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(17):72-76.TENG Jingyu,JIANG Zhengwei,DU Qiwei,et al.Research on sequential control technique based on video integration and intelligent analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(17):72-76.
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[17]姚毅,李莺,常政威,等.变电站智能布点系统中摄像机安装方案[J].压电与声光,2015,37(6):1074-1077.YAO Yi,LI Ying,CHANG Zhengwei,et al.The cameras installation of substation intelligent stationing system[J].Piezoelectrics&Acoustooptics,2015,37(6):1074-1077.
[18]CHEN Hao,HU Yaping,YAN Jinyi,et al.Research on the substation 3D real scene surveillance[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,1008-1009:742-747.
[19]CHANG Z,XIE X.Intelligent three-dimensional layout design of video cameras in substations[C]//International Conference on Electronic,Mechanical,Information and Management Society,2016[2016-04].https://doi.org/10.2991/emim-16.2016.228.
[20]BAO S,XIAO N,LAI Z,et al.Optimizing watchtower locations for forest fire monitoring using location models[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015,71:100-109.
[21]ZHANG K,HUANG Z,ZHANG S.Using an optimization algorithm to establish a network of video surveillance for the protection of Golden Camellia[J].Ecological Informatics,2017,42:32-37.
[22]舒隽,韩冰,陈学姣.计及线路路径优化的空间电网规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(4):570-577.SHU Jun,HAN Bing,CHEN Xuejiao.Spatial power network planning considering electric line route optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(4):570-577.
[23]钟正,张玲,柳军燕.3D GIS环境下监控摄像头空间布局设计[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(13):211-215.ZHONG Zheng,ZHANG Ling,LIU Junyan.Spatial layout design of surveillance cameras based on 3D GIS[J].Computer Engineering&Applications,2012,48(13):211-215.
[24]杜往泽,宋执环,闫文博,等.单摄像头旋转监控下的快速图像拼接[J].中国图象图形学报,2016,21(2):245-254.DU Wangze,SONG Zhihuan,YAN Wenbo,et al.Fast image stitching under single camera rotate monitoring[J].Journal of Image&Graphics,2016,21(2):245-254.
[25]余乐,张茜,刘燕,等.含分布式电源的配电网无功补偿分区平衡优化调节方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):58-64.YU Le,ZHANG Xi,LIU Yan,et al.An adjustment method of distribution network reactive power compensation partition balance with distributed power sources[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):58-64.
[2]彭海平,高昌培,熊学海,等.智能变电站间隔层设备智能定检作业系统的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):99-104.PENG Haiping,GAO Changpei,XIONG Xuehai,et al.Research on intelligent periodic test operating system for bay level equipment of smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):99-104.
[3]陈晓捷.500 kV智能变电站无人值班技术探讨[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(2):149-152.CHEN Xiaojie.Techniques of 500 kV smart unattended substation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(2):149-152.
[4]王聪,刘明光,齐飞.智能视频监控系统动态目标检测与识别算法综述[J].电气技术,2018,19(9):6-11.WANG Cong,LIU Mingguang,QI Fei.Summary of dynamic target detection and recognition algorithm in intelligent video surveillance system[J].Electrical Engineering,2018,19(9):6-11.
[5]鲁守银,张营,李建祥,等.移动机器人在高压变电站中的应用[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):276-284.LU Shouyin,ZHANG Ying,LI Jianxiang,et al.Application of mobile robot in high voltage substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(1):276-284.
[6]周刚.基于UWB定位的变电站作业安全监控技术研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(8):125-129.ZHOU Gang.Study on power substation operation safety monitoring technology based on UWB location[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(8):125-129.
[7]孟晓,胡炎,邰能灵,等.变电站无线测温告警算法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(5):81-86.MENG Xiao,HU Yan,TAI Nengling,et al.Algorithm of wireless temperature measurement and alarm in substations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(5):81-86.
[8]FINOGEEV A,FINOGEEV A,FIONOVA L,et al.Intelligent monitoring system for smart road environment[J].Journal of Industrial Information Integration,2019[2019-05-21].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2019.05.003.
[9]杨臻,赵燕茹.EPON技术在智能变电站状态监测和视频监控系统中的应用[J].电力建设,2014,35(11):107-111.YANG Zhen,ZHAO Yanru.Application of EPONtechnology in smart substation condition monitoring and video surveillance systems[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(11):107-111.
[10]凌毅,张勇军,李哲,等.基于事故因果继承原则的变电站电气误操作事故分析[J].继电器,2007,35(16):55-58.LING Yi,ZHANG Yongjun,LI Zhe,et al.Analysis of electric operation error accident in substation based on the principle of causal relation of accident[J].Relay,2007,35(16):55-58.
[11]梁广,张勇军,黎浩,等.变电运行人因事故分析的拟REASON模型[J].继电器,2008,36(3):23-26.LIANG Guang,ZHANG Yongjun,LI Hao,et al.Quasireason model for human errors analysis in substation operation[J].Relay,2008,36(3):23-26.
[12]李宏伟.应用于智能变电站的智能视觉系统[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(8):141-147.LI Hongwei.Intelligent vision system of smart substation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(8):141-147.
[13]陈旭,韩文花.变电站智能监控系统[J].广东电力,2015,28(6):34-40.CHEN Xu,HAN Wenhua.Intelligent monitoring system of substation[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2015,28(6):34-40.
[14]苏尚流,缪希仁.基于微型摄像头的轨道式变电站巡检机器人[J].电器与能效管理技术,2015(13):19-23.SU Shangliu,MIAO Xiren.A rail robot based on micro camera for substation inspection[J].Electrical&Energy Management Technology,2015(13):19-23.
[15]滕井玉,蒋正威,杜奇伟,等.基于视频集成及智能分析的一键式程序化控制技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(17):72-76.TENG Jingyu,JIANG Zhengwei,DU Qiwei,et al.Research on sequential control technique based on video integration and intelligent analysis[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(17):72-76.
[16]肖东晖,林立.电力系统统一视频监控平台解决方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(5):74-80.XIAO Donghui,LIN Li.Solution scheme of integrated video surveillance platform of power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(5):74-80.
[17]姚毅,李莺,常政威,等.变电站智能布点系统中摄像机安装方案[J].压电与声光,2015,37(6):1074-1077.YAO Yi,LI Ying,CHANG Zhengwei,et al.The cameras installation of substation intelligent stationing system[J].Piezoelectrics&Acoustooptics,2015,37(6):1074-1077.
[18]CHEN Hao,HU Yaping,YAN Jinyi,et al.Research on the substation 3D real scene surveillance[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,1008-1009:742-747.
[19]CHANG Z,XIE X.Intelligent three-dimensional layout design of video cameras in substations[C]//International Conference on Electronic,Mechanical,Information and Management Society,2016[2016-04].https://doi.org/10.2991/emim-16.2016.228.
[20]BAO S,XIAO N,LAI Z,et al.Optimizing watchtower locations for forest fire monitoring using location models[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015,71:100-109.
[21]ZHANG K,HUANG Z,ZHANG S.Using an optimization algorithm to establish a network of video surveillance for the protection of Golden Camellia[J].Ecological Informatics,2017,42:32-37.
[22]舒隽,韩冰,陈学姣.计及线路路径优化的空间电网规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(4):570-577.SHU Jun,HAN Bing,CHEN Xuejiao.Spatial power network planning considering electric line route optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(4):570-577.
[23]钟正,张玲,柳军燕.3D GIS环境下监控摄像头空间布局设计[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(13):211-215.ZHONG Zheng,ZHANG Ling,LIU Junyan.Spatial layout design of surveillance cameras based on 3D GIS[J].Computer Engineering&Applications,2012,48(13):211-215.
[24]杜往泽,宋执环,闫文博,等.单摄像头旋转监控下的快速图像拼接[J].中国图象图形学报,2016,21(2):245-254.DU Wangze,SONG Zhihuan,YAN Wenbo,et al.Fast image stitching under single camera rotate monitoring[J].Journal of Image&Graphics,2016,21(2):245-254.
[25]余乐,张茜,刘燕,等.含分布式电源的配电网无功补偿分区平衡优化调节方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):58-64.YU Le,ZHANG Xi,LIU Yan,et al.An adjustment method of distribution network reactive power compensation partition balance with distributed power sources[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):58-64.