全无机铅卤钙钛矿CsPbX_3晶体研究进展
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摘要
铅卤钙钛矿APbX_3(A=阳离子(如CH_3NH_3或Cs)X=Cl、Br、I)由于其卓越的光电特性,在太阳能电池、LED、光电探测等领域备受关注,成为全世界关注的焦点。CsPbX_3(X=Cl、Br、I)晶体同时也是性能优异的室温X/γ射线探测材料,其能量分辨率优于目前商用的碲锌镉(CZT)晶体,极具研究价值。本综述主要围绕全无机铅卤钙钛矿的晶体结构、主要光电特性和潜在应用,重点对CsPbX_3晶体的生长方法进行归纳和比较,包括逆温结晶、抗溶剂蒸汽辅助结晶、Bridgman法、区熔法等,将有助于人们对全无机铅卤钙钛矿CsPbX_3晶体生长特性的认识,并为未来该体系晶体制备和性能研究提供参考。
In recent years, lead-halide perovskite APbX_3(A=cations(such as CH_3NH_3 or Cs), X=Cl, Br, I) has attracted much attention in the fields of solar cells, LEDs, and photodetection due to its excellent optoelectric properties. CsPbX_3(X=Cl, Br, I)crystals are also excellent room-temperature X/γ ray detection materials, in which its energy resolution is better than that of the existing commercial CdZnTe(CZT) crystal. This review mainly deals with recent studies on the structure, optoelectronic properties and potential applications of all-inorganic lead-halide perovskite. The main growth methods of CsPbX_3 crystals, i.e., inversion temperature crystallization method, antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization, the Bridgman method, zone melting method and so on,were summarized and analyzed. This review could clarify the growth characteristics of all inorganic lead-halide perovskite CsPbX_3 crystals, and provide a valuable reference for the research of CsPbX_3 crystal in the future.
In recent years, lead-halide perovskite APbX_3(A=cations(such as CH_3NH_3 or Cs), X=Cl, Br, I) has attracted much attention in the fields of solar cells, LEDs, and photodetection due to its excellent optoelectric properties. CsPbX_3(X=Cl, Br, I)crystals are also excellent room-temperature X/γ ray detection materials, in which its energy resolution is better than that of the existing commercial CdZnTe(CZT) crystal. This review mainly deals with recent studies on the structure, optoelectronic properties and potential applications of all-inorganic lead-halide perovskite. The main growth methods of CsPbX_3 crystals, i.e., inversion temperature crystallization method, antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization, the Bridgman method, zone melting method and so on,were summarized and analyzed. This review could clarify the growth characteristics of all inorganic lead-halide perovskite CsPbX_3 crystals, and provide a valuable reference for the research of CsPbX_3 crystal in the future.
引文
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[30]ZHANG T,DAR M I,LI G,et al.Bication lead iodide 2D perovskite component to stabilize inorganicα-CsPbI3 perovskite phase for pigh-efficiency solar cells[J].Sci Adv,2017,3(9):e1700841.
[31]EPERON G E,PATERNO G M,SUTTON R J,et al.Inorganic caesium lead iodide perovskite solar cells[J].J Mater Chem A,2015,3(39):19688?19695.
[32]EVANS T J S,MIYATA K,JOSHI P P,et al.Competition between hot-electron cooling and large polaron screening in CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystals[J].J Phys Chem C,2018,122(25):13724?13730.
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[34]KULBAK M,CAHEN D,HODES G.How important is the organic part of lead halide perovskite photovoltaic cells?efficient CsPbBr3cells[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2015,6(13):2452?2456.
[35]HE Y,MATEI L,JUNG H J,et al.High spectral resolution of gamma-rays at room temperature by perovskite CsPbBr3 single crystals[J].Nat Commun,2018,9(1):4917?4923.
[36]SAIDAMINOV M I,HAQUE M A,Almutlaq J,et al.Inorganic lead halide perovskite single crystals:phase-selective low-temperature growth,carrier transport properties,and self-powered photodetection[J].Adv Opt Mater,2017,5(2):1600704.
[37]SONG J,CUI Q,LI J,et al.Ultralarge all-inorganic perovskite bulk single crystal for high-performance visible-infrared dual-modal photodetectors[J].Adv Opt Mater,2017,5(12):1700157.
[38]HAMPLOVA V,NIKL M,POLAK K,et al.Lead bromide and ternary alkali lead bromide single crystals-growth and emission properties[J].Chem Phys Lett,1996,258(3):518?522.
[39]NIKL M,MIHOKOVA E,NITSCH K,et al.Photoluminescence and decay kinetics of CsPbCl3 Single Crystals[J].Chem Phys Lett,1994,220(1-2):14?18.
[40]KOBAYASHI M,OMATA K,Sugimoto S,et al.Scintillation characteristics of CsPbCl3 single crystals[J].Nucl Inst Methods Phys Res A,2008,592(3):369?373.
[41]ZHANG P,ZHANG G,LIU L,et al.Anisotropic optoelectronic properties of melt-grown bulk CsPbBr3 single crystal[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2018,9(17):5040?5046.
[42]LI J,YUAN X,JING P,et al.Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of inorganic perovskite nanocrystal films[J].RSCAdv,2016,6(82):78311?78316.
[43]CHA J H,HAN J H,YIN W,et al.Photoresponse of CsPbBr3 and Cs4PbBr6 perovskite single crystals[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2017,8(3):565?570.
[44]COLA M,MASSAROTTI V,Riccardi R,et al.Binary systems formed by lead bro-mide with(Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,and Tl)Br:A DTA and diffractometric study[J].Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A,1971,26(8):1328?1332.
[45]SAIDAMINOV M I,ABDELHADY A L,MAVULAN G,et al.Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth[J].Chem Commun,2015,51(100):17658.
[46]DING J,YAN Q,CHEMISTRY D O,et al.Progress in organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite single crystal:growth techniques and applications[J](Eng).中国科学:材料科学,2017,60(11):1063?1078.
[47]RAKITA Y,KEDEM N,GUPTA S,et al.Low-temperature solution-grown Cs PbBr3 single crystals and their characterization[J].Cryst Growth Des,2016,16(10):5717?5725.
[48]ZHANG H,LIU X,DONG J,et al.Centimeter-sized inorganic lead halide perovskite CsPbBr3 crystals grown by an improved solution method[J].Cryst Growth Des,2017,17(12):6426?6431.
[49]何健乐.CsPbBr3单晶的生长特性研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.HE Jianle.Study on growth characteristics of Cs PbBr3 single crystal(in Chinese,dissertation).Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016.
[50]XU J,LING X,JIN M,et al.Growth and characterization of all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 crystal by a traveling zone melting method[J].J Inorg Mater,2018,33(11):1253?1258.
[51]PENG W,WANG L,Murali B,et al.Solution-grown monocrystalline hybrid perovskite films for hole-transporter-free solar cells[J].Adv Mater,2016,28(17):3383?3390.
[52]LIU Y,YANG Z,LIU S.Recent progress in single-crystalline perovskite research including crystal preparation,property evaluation,and applications[J].Advd Sci,2018,5(1):1700471.
[53]JIA L,WANG C,WANG Y,et al.All-inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells[J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(49):15829?15832.
[54]CHEN J,MORROW D,FU Y,et al.Single-crystal thin films of cesium lead bromide perovskite epitaxially grown on metal oxide perovskite(SrTiO3)[J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(38):13525?13532.
[55]杨英,高菁,崔嘉瑞,等.钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展[J].无机材料学报,2015,30(11):1131?1138.YANG Ying,GAO Jing,CUI Ja,et al.J Inorg Mater(in Chinese),2015,30(11):1131?1138.
[2]WEN Z,Li C,WU D,et al.Ferroelectric-field-effect-enhanced electroresistance in metal/ferroelectric/semiconductor tunnel junctions[J].Nat Mater,2013,12(7):617?621.
[3]ARTYUKHIN S,DELANEY K T,SPALDIN N A,et al.Landau theory of topological defects in multiferroic hexagonal manganites[J].Nat Mater,2014,13(1):42?49.
[4]GREEN M A,HO-BAILLIE A,SNAITH H J.The emergence of perovskite solar cells[J].Nat Photon,2014,8(7):506?514.
[5]DOU L,WONG A B,YU Y,et al.Atomically Thin two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites[J].Science,2015,349(6255):1518?1521.
[6]HUO C,CAI B,YUAN Z,et al.Two-dimensional metal halide perovskites:theory,synthesis,and optoelectronics[J].Small Methods,2017,1(3):1600018.
[7]ZHANG M,ZHENG Z,FU Q,et al.Growth and characterization of the all-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3 single crystals[J].Crystengcomm,2017,19(45):6797?6803.
[8]ZHANG M,ZHENG Z,FU Q,et al.Synthesis and single crystal growth of perovskite semiconductor CsPbBr3[J].J Cryst Growth,2017,484:37?42.
[9]PAROBEK D,ROMAN B J,DONG Y,et al.Exciton-to-dopant energy transfer in Mn-doped cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals[J].Nano Letts,2016,16(12):7376?7380.
[10]PROTESESCU L,YAKUNIN S,BODNARCHUK M I,et al.Nanocrystals of cesium lead halide perovskites(CsPbX3,X=Cl,Br,and I):novel optoelectronic materials showing bright emission with wide color gamut[J].Nano Lett,2015,15(6):3692?3696.
[11]SONG J,LI J,LI X,et al.Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides(CsPbX3)[J].Adv Mater,2016,27(44):7162?7167.
[12]ZHANG D,EATON S W,Yu Y,et al.Solution-phase synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanowires[J].J Am Chem Soc,2015,137(29):9230?9233.
[13]YETTAPU G R,TALUKDAR D,SARKAR S,et al.THz conductivity within colloidal CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals:remarkably high carrier mobilities and large diffusion lengths.[J].Nano Lett,2016,16(8):4838?4848.
[14]YI C,LUO J,MELONI S,et al.Entropic stabilization of mixed a-cation ABX3 metal halide perovskites for high performance perovskite solar cells[J].Energy Environ Sci,2016,9(2):656?662.
[15]XU Y,CHEN Q,ZHANG C,et al.Two-photon-pumped perovskite semiconductor nanocrystal lasers with remarkable low thresholds[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.2016,138(2):3761?3768.
[16]ZHANG X,LIN H,HUANG H,et al.Enhancing the brightness of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystal based green light-emitting devices through the interface engineering with perfluorinated ionomer[J].Nano Lett,2016,16(2):1415?1420.
[17]李明明,赵阳,王兴光,等.杂化钙钛矿型晶体制备方法的研究进展[J].现代化工,2018,38(2):56?60.LI Mingming,ZHAO Yang,WANG Xingguang,et al.Mod Chem Ind(in Chinese),2018,38(2):56?60.
[18]DIRIN D N,CHERNIUKH I,YaAKUNIN S,et al.Solution-grown CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystals for photon detection[J].Chem Mater A,2016,28(23):8470?8474.
[19]YE S,SUN J,HAN Y,et al.Confining Mn2+-doped lead halide perovskite in zeolite-Y as ultrastable orange-red phosphor composites for white light-emitting-diodes[J].J Am Chem Soc,2018,10(29):24656?24664.
[20]ZOU S,LIU Y,Li J,et al.Stabilizing cesium lead halide perovskite lattice through Mn(II)-substitution for air-stable light-emitting diodes[J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(33):11443?11450.
[21]XU Q,YANG D,LV J,et al.Perovskite solar absorbers:materials by design[J].Small Methods,2018,2(5):1700316.
[22]BABU R,GIRIBABU L,SINGH S P.Recent advances in halide-based perovskite crystals and its optoelectronic applications[J].Cryst Growth Des,2018,18(4):2645?2644.
[23]DANG Y,JU D,WANG L,et al.Recent progress in the synthesis of hybrid halide perovskite single crystals[J].Crystengcomm,2016,18(24):4476?4484.
[24]SAIDAMINOV M I,Abdelhady A L,Maculan G,et al.Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth[J].Chem Commun,2015,51(100):17658?17661.
[25]LIU Y,YANG Z,CUI D,et al.Two-inch-sized perovskite CH3NH3PbX3(X=Cl,Br,I)crystals:crowth and characterization[J].Adv Mater,2015,27(35):5176?5183.
[26]HIROTSU S.Experimental studies of structural phase transitions in CsPbCl3[J].J Phys Soc Jpn,2007,31(2):552?560.
[27]LIANG J,LIU J,JIN Z.All-Inorganic halide perovskites for optoelectronics:progress and prospects[J].Solar RRL,2017,1(10):1700086.
[28]STOUMPOS C C,MALLIAKAS C D,PETERS J A,et al.Crystal growth of the perovskite semiconductor Cs PbBr3:a new material for high-energy radiation detection[J].Cryst Growth Des,2013,13(7):2722?2727.
[29]LUO P,XIA W,ZHOU S,et al.Solvent engineering for ambient-air-processed,phase-stable CsPbI3 in perovskite solar Cells.[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2016,7(18):3603?3608.
[30]ZHANG T,DAR M I,LI G,et al.Bication lead iodide 2D perovskite component to stabilize inorganicα-CsPbI3 perovskite phase for pigh-efficiency solar cells[J].Sci Adv,2017,3(9):e1700841.
[31]EPERON G E,PATERNO G M,SUTTON R J,et al.Inorganic caesium lead iodide perovskite solar cells[J].J Mater Chem A,2015,3(39):19688?19695.
[32]EVANS T J S,MIYATA K,JOSHI P P,et al.Competition between hot-electron cooling and large polaron screening in CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystals[J].J Phys Chem C,2018,122(25):13724?13730.
[33]DING J,DU S,ZUO Z,et al.High detectivity and rapid response in perovskite CsPbBr3 single-crystal photodetector[J].J Phys Chem C,2017,121(9):4917?4923.
[34]KULBAK M,CAHEN D,HODES G.How important is the organic part of lead halide perovskite photovoltaic cells?efficient CsPbBr3cells[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2015,6(13):2452?2456.
[35]HE Y,MATEI L,JUNG H J,et al.High spectral resolution of gamma-rays at room temperature by perovskite CsPbBr3 single crystals[J].Nat Commun,2018,9(1):4917?4923.
[36]SAIDAMINOV M I,HAQUE M A,Almutlaq J,et al.Inorganic lead halide perovskite single crystals:phase-selective low-temperature growth,carrier transport properties,and self-powered photodetection[J].Adv Opt Mater,2017,5(2):1600704.
[37]SONG J,CUI Q,LI J,et al.Ultralarge all-inorganic perovskite bulk single crystal for high-performance visible-infrared dual-modal photodetectors[J].Adv Opt Mater,2017,5(12):1700157.
[38]HAMPLOVA V,NIKL M,POLAK K,et al.Lead bromide and ternary alkali lead bromide single crystals-growth and emission properties[J].Chem Phys Lett,1996,258(3):518?522.
[39]NIKL M,MIHOKOVA E,NITSCH K,et al.Photoluminescence and decay kinetics of CsPbCl3 Single Crystals[J].Chem Phys Lett,1994,220(1-2):14?18.
[40]KOBAYASHI M,OMATA K,Sugimoto S,et al.Scintillation characteristics of CsPbCl3 single crystals[J].Nucl Inst Methods Phys Res A,2008,592(3):369?373.
[41]ZHANG P,ZHANG G,LIU L,et al.Anisotropic optoelectronic properties of melt-grown bulk CsPbBr3 single crystal[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2018,9(17):5040?5046.
[42]LI J,YUAN X,JING P,et al.Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of inorganic perovskite nanocrystal films[J].RSCAdv,2016,6(82):78311?78316.
[43]CHA J H,HAN J H,YIN W,et al.Photoresponse of CsPbBr3 and Cs4PbBr6 perovskite single crystals[J].J Phys Chem Lett,2017,8(3):565?570.
[44]COLA M,MASSAROTTI V,Riccardi R,et al.Binary systems formed by lead bro-mide with(Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,and Tl)Br:A DTA and diffractometric study[J].Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A,1971,26(8):1328?1332.
[45]SAIDAMINOV M I,ABDELHADY A L,MAVULAN G,et al.Retrograde solubility of formamidinium and methylammonium lead halide perovskites enabling rapid single crystal growth[J].Chem Commun,2015,51(100):17658.
[46]DING J,YAN Q,CHEMISTRY D O,et al.Progress in organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite single crystal:growth techniques and applications[J](Eng).中国科学:材料科学,2017,60(11):1063?1078.
[47]RAKITA Y,KEDEM N,GUPTA S,et al.Low-temperature solution-grown Cs PbBr3 single crystals and their characterization[J].Cryst Growth Des,2016,16(10):5717?5725.
[48]ZHANG H,LIU X,DONG J,et al.Centimeter-sized inorganic lead halide perovskite CsPbBr3 crystals grown by an improved solution method[J].Cryst Growth Des,2017,17(12):6426?6431.
[49]何健乐.CsPbBr3单晶的生长特性研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.HE Jianle.Study on growth characteristics of Cs PbBr3 single crystal(in Chinese,dissertation).Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016.
[50]XU J,LING X,JIN M,et al.Growth and characterization of all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 crystal by a traveling zone melting method[J].J Inorg Mater,2018,33(11):1253?1258.
[51]PENG W,WANG L,Murali B,et al.Solution-grown monocrystalline hybrid perovskite films for hole-transporter-free solar cells[J].Adv Mater,2016,28(17):3383?3390.
[52]LIU Y,YANG Z,LIU S.Recent progress in single-crystalline perovskite research including crystal preparation,property evaluation,and applications[J].Advd Sci,2018,5(1):1700471.
[53]JIA L,WANG C,WANG Y,et al.All-inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells[J].J Am Chem Soc,2016,138(49):15829?15832.
[54]CHEN J,MORROW D,FU Y,et al.Single-crystal thin films of cesium lead bromide perovskite epitaxially grown on metal oxide perovskite(SrTiO3)[J].J Am Chem Soc,2017,139(38):13525?13532.
[55]杨英,高菁,崔嘉瑞,等.钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展[J].无机材料学报,2015,30(11):1131?1138.YANG Ying,GAO Jing,CUI Ja,et al.J Inorg Mater(in Chinese),2015,30(11):1131?1138.