聚酯纤维增韧二氧化硅气凝胶的制备及其性能
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摘要
二氧化硅气凝胶作为一种轻质、多孔的新型纳米材料,由于其结构的独特性及优异的隔热性能,使其在高温隔热、吸附、催化等领域具有广阔的应用前景。对二氧化硅气凝胶的应用开发具有重要意义。以二甲基二甲氧基硅烷(DMDMS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMTS)为混合硅源,甲醇和水为溶剂,在原有的高疏水性基础上进一步以聚酯纤维为增强相,通过溶胶-凝胶及常压干燥等步骤,实现了增韧SiO2气凝胶复合材料的制备。所得气凝胶平均孔径约为5～10μm;气凝胶的孔容约为5.52cm~3/g;最高抗压力在6 MPa左右;重复吸附次数可达30次以上,最佳吸附为6.5g/g;有望在吸附材料等领域得到应用。
Silica aerogels as a new type of light,porous nano materials,because of its unique structure and excellent heat insulation performance,in the high temperature heat insulation,adsorption,catalysis and other fields has a broad application prospect.It is of great importance to the application and development of silica aerogel.In this paper,dimethyl dimethoxy silane(DMDMS)and methyl silane(MTMTS)as the top three oxygen radicals hybrid silicon source,methanol and water as solvent,on the basis of the original high hydrophobic further in polyester fiber,for enhanced phase,by sol-gel and atmospheric pressure drying step,implements the toughening SiO_2 the preparation of aerogel composite materials.The average pore diameter of the aerogels was5-10μm.The pore volume of aerogels is about 5.52 cm~3/g.The maximum anti-pressure is around 6 MPa.The repeated adsorption times can reach more than 30 times,and the optimal adsorption is 6.5 g/g.It is expected to be used in adsorption materials and other fields.
Silica aerogels as a new type of light,porous nano materials,because of its unique structure and excellent heat insulation performance,in the high temperature heat insulation,adsorption,catalysis and other fields has a broad application prospect.It is of great importance to the application and development of silica aerogel.In this paper,dimethyl dimethoxy silane(DMDMS)and methyl silane(MTMTS)as the top three oxygen radicals hybrid silicon source,methanol and water as solvent,on the basis of the original high hydrophobic further in polyester fiber,for enhanced phase,by sol-gel and atmospheric pressure drying step,implements the toughening SiO_2 the preparation of aerogel composite materials.The average pore diameter of the aerogels was5-10μm.The pore volume of aerogels is about 5.52 cm~3/g.The maximum anti-pressure is around 6 MPa.The repeated adsorption times can reach more than 30 times,and the optimal adsorption is 6.5 g/g.It is expected to be used in adsorption materials and other fields.
引文
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[3] Liu W,Cai J,Ding Z,et al.TiO2/RGO composite aerogels with controllable and continuously tunable surface wettability for varied aqueous photocatalysis[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental 2015,174-175:421-426.
[4] Zhang X,Liu D,You T.Self-assembled three-dimensional graphene-based materials for dye adsorption and catalysis[J].J Mater Chem A,2015,3(18):10031-10037.
[5] Kim G S,Hyun S H,Park H H.Synthesis of low-dielectric silica aerogel films by ambient drying[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2001,84(2):453-455.
[6] Carraher C E.General topics:silica aerogels-properties and uses[J].Polymer News,2005,30(12):386-388.
[7] Meng Y,Young T M,Contescu C I.Ultralight carbon aerogel from nanocellulose as a highly selective oil absorption material[J].Cellulose,2015,22(1):435-477.
[8] Yang Y,Tong Z,Ngai T,et al.Nitrogen-rich and fire-resistant carbon aerogels for the removal of oil contaminants from water[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2014,6(9):6351-6360.
[9] Zhou S,Jiang W,Lu Y.Highly hydrophobic,compressible,and magnetic polystyrene/Fe3O4/graphene aerogel composite for oil-water separation[J].Ind Eng Chem Res,2015,54(20):5460-5467.
[10] Yang X,Cranston E D.Chemically cross-linked cellulose nanocrystal aerogels with shape recovery and superabsorbent properties[J].Chem Mater,2014,26(20):6016-6025.
[11] Aydin G O,Sonmez H B.Hydrophobic poly(alkoxysilane)organogels as sorbent material for oil spill cleanup[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2015,96(1-2):155-164.
[12] Shi J,Lu L,Cao Y.An environment-friendly thermal insulation material from cellulose and plasma modification[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2013,130(5):3652-3658.
[13] Oshima T,Sakamoto T,Baba Y.Cellulose aerogel regenerated from ionic liquid solution for immobilized metal affinity adsorption[J].Carbohyd polym,2014,103:62-69.
[14] Kanedal M,Terasaki O,Zhao D Y,et al.Direct imaging of the pores and cages of three-dimensional mesoporous materials[J].Nature,2000,408:449-453.
[15] He P,Gao X,Li X,et al.Highly transparent silica aerogel thick films with hierarchical porosity from water glass via ambient pressure drying[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2014,147(1-2):65-74.
[16] Irin F,Das S,Atore F O,et al.Green,ultralow percolation threshold in aerogel and gryogel templated composites[J].Langmuir,2013,29(36):11449-11456.
[17]唐存国.超疏水型弹性SiO2气凝胶的制备及吸附性能研究[D].长春:长春工业大学,2016.
[18] Shi Mingjia,Tang Cunguo,Li Zhenyu.Superhydrophobic silica aerogels reinforced with polyacrylonitrile fibers for adsorbing oil from water and oil mixtures[J].RSC Adv,2017,7(7):4039-4045.