微晶纤维素/不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学与热稳定性研究
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摘要
以不饱和聚酯(UP)为基体,硅烷偶联剂(KH-550)改性微晶纤维素(MCC)为填充材料,采用共混浇注方法制备微晶纤维素/不饱和聚酯树脂(MCC/UPR)复合材料。运用SEM、DMA、TG研究了MCC及硅烷偶联剂对MCC/UPR复合材料的力学性能和热降解行为的影响。结果表明:添加MCC能够提高UPR的力学性能,当添加量超过45%(wt)时力学性能明显下降。KH-550硅烷偶联剂能够改善MCC与UPR的界面相容性,提高树脂的黏结性,提高复合材料的机械性能。在实验条件下MCC为30%(wt)时,拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度较纯UPR材料提高了81.86%,82.26%和53.76%;相同条件下,偶联剂改性后的MCC/UPR复合材料力学性能比未经处理的分别提高了19.70%,11.50%和6.83%。MCC使UPR玻璃化转变温度提高,刚性降低。
The unsaturated polyester(UP)was used as the matrix and the microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)modified by silane coupling agent(KH-550) was used as the filler, and then the microcrystalline cellulose/unsaturated polyester resin(MCC/UPR) composites was prepared by blendingpouring methods. The effects of MCC contents and silane coupling agents on the mechanical properties and thermal degradation behaviors of MCC/UPR composites were investigated by the means of SEM, DMA and TG. The results showed that the MCC could improve the mechanical properties of UPR composites. However, when the content of MCC exceeded 45%(wt), the mechanical properties decreased obviously. The KH-550 could improve the interfacial compatibility between MCC and UPR, the adhesion of the resin and the mechanical properties of the composite materials. Under the experimental conditions, when the content of MCC was 30%(wt), the tensile strength, impact strength and bending strength increased by 81.86%,82.26% and 53.76% respectively compared with the pure UPR materials; under the same conditions, the coupling agent modified MCC/UPR composites(K-MCC/UPR)were improved by 19.70%, 11.50% and 6.83% respectively compared with the unmodified ones. The MCC made the glass transition temperature of UPR increase and the rigidity decrease.
The unsaturated polyester(UP)was used as the matrix and the microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)modified by silane coupling agent(KH-550) was used as the filler, and then the microcrystalline cellulose/unsaturated polyester resin(MCC/UPR) composites was prepared by blendingpouring methods. The effects of MCC contents and silane coupling agents on the mechanical properties and thermal degradation behaviors of MCC/UPR composites were investigated by the means of SEM, DMA and TG. The results showed that the MCC could improve the mechanical properties of UPR composites. However, when the content of MCC exceeded 45%(wt), the mechanical properties decreased obviously. The KH-550 could improve the interfacial compatibility between MCC and UPR, the adhesion of the resin and the mechanical properties of the composite materials. Under the experimental conditions, when the content of MCC was 30%(wt), the tensile strength, impact strength and bending strength increased by 81.86%,82.26% and 53.76% respectively compared with the pure UPR materials; under the same conditions, the coupling agent modified MCC/UPR composites(K-MCC/UPR)were improved by 19.70%, 11.50% and 6.83% respectively compared with the unmodified ones. The MCC made the glass transition temperature of UPR increase and the rigidity decrease.
引文
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[2]HOU Y,HU W,GUI Z,et al.Effect of cuprous oxide with different sizes on thermal and combustion behaviors of unsaturated polyester resin[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2017,334:39~48.
[3]WANG D,MU X,CAI W,et al.Constructing phosphorus,nitrogen,silicon-co-contained boron nitride nanosheets to reinforce flame retardant properties of unsaturated polyester resin[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2018,109:546~554.
[4]PENG G,LI Q,YANG Y,et al.Degradation of Nano Zn O-Glass Fiber-Unsaturated Polyester Composites[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2009,114(4):2128~2133.
[5]李菁若.聚乙二醇/不饱和聚酯树脂复合相变储热材料的性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2016(10):84~88.
[6]LIN J,ZHONG B,JIA Z,et al.In-situ fabrication of halloysite nanotubes/silica nano hybrid and its application in unsaturated polyester resin[J].Applied Surface Science,2017,407:130~136.
[7]KARGARZDEH H,SHELTAMI R M,AHMAD I,et al.Cellulose nanocrystal reinforced liquid natural rubber toughened unsaturated polyester:Effects of filler content and surface treatment on its morphological,thermal,mechanical,and viscoelastic properties[J].Polymer,2015,71:51~59.
[8]郭军红,魏小赟,崔锦峰,等.不饱和聚酯树脂改性研究新进展[J].中国塑料,2013(5):19~23.
[9]DAS S.Mechanical and water swelling properties of waste paper reinforced unsaturated polyester composites[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,138:469~478.
[10]刘小峯,王秀玲,邹林.2015-2016年国内外不饱和聚酯树脂工业进展[J].热固性树脂,2017(3):61~70.
[11]和振东,史博强.塑料复合材料在体育设施和健身器械中的应用[J].塑料科技,2016(08):57~60.
[12]ZHANG H,ZHANG G,HAN F,et al.A lab study to develop a bridge deck pavement using bisphenol A unsaturated polyester resin modified asphalt mixture[J].Construction and Building Materials,2018,159:83~98.
[13]张永春,李爱元,邱从平,等.黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂初步研究[J].热固性树脂,2013(2):46~49.
[14]汤栋,赵玉萍,张娟,等.竹纤维热固性树脂基复合材料力学性能的研究[J].材料导报,2011(S1):408~410.
[15]FUENTES C A,TING K W,Dupont-Gillain C,et al.Effect of humidity during manufacturing on the interfacial strength of non-pre-dried flax fibre/unsaturated polyester composites[J].Composites parta-Applied Science and Manufacturing,2016,84:209~215.
[16]张永春,孟晓佳,陈波,等.腰果酚接枝黄麻纤维不饱和聚酯复合材料的力学性能及界面调控[J].中国塑料,2015(12):56~61.
[17]王春红,任子龙,张青菊.单向竹原纤维表面改性对其增强不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(2):314~321.
[18]余旺旺,王翠娜,雷文,等.微纳米纤维素的制备及其改性不饱和聚酯树脂的研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(3):65~69.
[19]胡舒龙,吕建,卢凤英,等.硅藻土/不饱和聚酯复合材料的性能研究[J].塑料科技,2013(11):42~45.
[20]张永春,孟晓佳,邱从平,等.黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料制备[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2015(10):160~164.