烟蒜轮作模式下烟苗根际土粗提物成分研究
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摘要
[目的]研究烟蒜轮作对高海拔地区烤烟生产发育的影响,以及与之关联的根际土壤提取物成分变化,进而探索缓解高海拔烤烟连作障碍的烟蒜轮作模式。[方法]在海拔约1 500 m连续单季连作烤烟8年以上的烟区引进温江大蒜、金乡大蒜、中蒜1号,调查烟蒜轮作对云烟87生长发育的影响,通过GC-MS对根际土的乙醇提取物进行组分分析,初步确定可能与烟蒜轮作效应关联的根际土化学成分。[结果]大蒜轮作显著提高烤烟农艺性状,大蒜品种间存在轮作效应差异,小瓣蒜类型的温江大蒜因密植轮作效应最好。烟苗根际土粗提物组分以酯类为主,其次为有机酸、酚苯类、醇类等化感物质。3种大蒜轮作处理下,烟苗根际土壤中的酯类物质种类和丰度显著降低,总有机组分数量增加,推测可能与烟蒜轮作效应有关。[结论]温江大蒜在高海拔地区轮作效应最好。
[Objective]To evaluate the effect of tobacco-garlic rotation on tobacco farming and the dynamic rhizosphere soil extract in the rotation,which will help us to explore the underlying mechanism of rotation effect.[Method] Three garlic varieties‘Wenjiang'‘Jingxiang'and‘Zhongsuan No.1'were introduced to tobacco field with an elevation of about 1 500 meters that have been monocropping for over 8 years. The effect of garlic rotation on tobacco growth were evaluated and the dynamic ethanol extract from tobacco rhizosphere soil were detected by GCMS. [Result]Garlic rotation significantly increased the yield and quality of tobacco. There was obvious difference in rotation effect between different garlic varieties and‘Wenjiang'garlic was the best. The garlic rotation decreased the amounts of esters but increased the number of organic components in three garlic cultivars,which might account for the rotation effect.[Conclusion]The rotation effect of‘Wenjiang'garlic in high altitude area is the best.
[Objective]To evaluate the effect of tobacco-garlic rotation on tobacco farming and the dynamic rhizosphere soil extract in the rotation,which will help us to explore the underlying mechanism of rotation effect.[Method] Three garlic varieties‘Wenjiang'‘Jingxiang'and‘Zhongsuan No.1'were introduced to tobacco field with an elevation of about 1 500 meters that have been monocropping for over 8 years. The effect of garlic rotation on tobacco growth were evaluated and the dynamic ethanol extract from tobacco rhizosphere soil were detected by GCMS. [Result]Garlic rotation significantly increased the yield and quality of tobacco. There was obvious difference in rotation effect between different garlic varieties and‘Wenjiang'garlic was the best. The garlic rotation decreased the amounts of esters but increased the number of organic components in three garlic cultivars,which might account for the rotation effect.[Conclusion]The rotation effect of‘Wenjiang'garlic in high altitude area is the best.
引文
[1]石秋环,焦枫,耿伟,等.烤烟连作土壤环境中的障碍因子研究综述[J].中国烟草学报,2009,15(6):81-84.
[2]张继光,申国明,张久权,等.烟草连作障碍研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):95-99.
[3]贾健,朱金峰,杜修智,等.不同种植模式对烤烟根际土壤微生物、土壤养分和烟叶质量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(10):2300-2306.
[4]阳显斌,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.烟蒜轮作与套作对土壤微生物类群数量的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(4):698-704.
[5]阳显斌,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.烟蒜轮作与套作对土壤农化性状及烤烟产量的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(5):980-985.
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[7]吴林坤,林向民,林文雄.根系分泌物介导下植物-土壤-微生物互作关系研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(3):298-310.
[8]邓阳春,黄建国.长期连作对烤烟产量和土壤养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(4):840-845.
[9]高欣欣,于会泳,张继光,等.烤烟根系分泌物的分离鉴定及对种子萌发的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(3):87-91.
[10]于会泳,申国明,高欣欣,等.烟草根系分泌物的GC-MS检测[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(4):64-72.
[11]符建国,易建华,贾志红,等.轮作与连作烟田根际土壤酸性有机组分的初步分离与鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(6):67-71.
[12]郭亚利,李明海,吴洪田,等.烤烟根系分泌物对烤烟幼苗生长和养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(3):458-463.
[13]苏美琼,杨柏崇,成密红,等.大蒜的功效及综合利用研究进展[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(4):151-156.
[14]赖荣泉,赖碧添,钟秀金.大蒜对不同烤烟品种的化感作用[J].烟草科技,2010(4):59-64.
[15]黄光荣,赵致.烤烟与不同作物轮作对烤烟生长发育及产质的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2007(6):30-31.
[16]周艳丽,程智慧,孟焕文.大蒜根系分泌物对不同受体蔬菜的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(1):81-86.
[17]周艳丽,王艳,李金英,等.大蒜根系分泌物的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1368-1372.
[18]高欣欣.烤烟根系分泌物成分鉴定与分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[19]刘艳霞,李想,蔡刘体,等.烟草根系分泌物酚酸类物质的鉴定及其对根际微生物的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(2):418-428.
[2]张继光,申国明,张久权,等.烟草连作障碍研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):95-99.
[3]贾健,朱金峰,杜修智,等.不同种植模式对烤烟根际土壤微生物、土壤养分和烟叶质量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(10):2300-2306.
[4]阳显斌,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.烟蒜轮作与套作对土壤微生物类群数量的影响[J].土壤,2016,48(4):698-704.
[5]阳显斌,李廷轩,张锡洲,等.烟蒜轮作与套作对土壤农化性状及烤烟产量的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(5):980-985.
[6]晋艳,杨宇虹,段玉琪,等.烤烟轮作、连作对烟叶产量质量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2004,17(S1):267-271.
[7]吴林坤,林向民,林文雄.根系分泌物介导下植物-土壤-微生物互作关系研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(3):298-310.
[8]邓阳春,黄建国.长期连作对烤烟产量和土壤养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(4):840-845.
[9]高欣欣,于会泳,张继光,等.烤烟根系分泌物的分离鉴定及对种子萌发的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2012,33(3):87-91.
[10]于会泳,申国明,高欣欣,等.烟草根系分泌物的GC-MS检测[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(4):64-72.
[11]符建国,易建华,贾志红,等.轮作与连作烟田根际土壤酸性有机组分的初步分离与鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(6):67-71.
[12]郭亚利,李明海,吴洪田,等.烤烟根系分泌物对烤烟幼苗生长和养分吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(3):458-463.
[13]苏美琼,杨柏崇,成密红,等.大蒜的功效及综合利用研究进展[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(4):151-156.
[14]赖荣泉,赖碧添,钟秀金.大蒜对不同烤烟品种的化感作用[J].烟草科技,2010(4):59-64.
[15]黄光荣,赵致.烤烟与不同作物轮作对烤烟生长发育及产质的影响[J].耕作与栽培,2007(6):30-31.
[16]周艳丽,程智慧,孟焕文.大蒜根系分泌物对不同受体蔬菜的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(1):81-86.
[17]周艳丽,王艳,李金英,等.大蒜根系分泌物的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1368-1372.
[18]高欣欣.烤烟根系分泌物成分鉴定与分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[19]刘艳霞,李想,蔡刘体,等.烟草根系分泌物酚酸类物质的鉴定及其对根际微生物的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(2):418-428.