水平井自适应控水与砾石充填复合工艺试验
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摘要
在易出砂地层水平井开发中,单独应用自适应调流控水筛管难以实现良好的防砂效果,需要研究一种自适应调流控水与砾石充填相结合的新型完井工艺。为此,对影响充填砾石运移的排量、砂比、冲筛比、漏失量、携砂液黏度等试验工艺参数进行设计优化。根据试验工艺参数设计结果,自主设计并搭建水平井自适应调流控水砾石充填的地面模拟试验装置,并开展两次水平井自适应调流控水砾石充填试验。试验结果表明,优选的低密度砾石,解决了充填排量受限的难题。在优选的充填参数条件下,充填效率达到100%。充填砾石的轴向渗流阻力远大于径向渗流阻力,可实现环空封隔器作用,充分发挥调流控水装置的控水稳油功能。最终得到合理的施工参数范围,为现场应用提供有效指导。
In the development of horizontal wells for easy production of sand, it is difficult to achieve good sand control effect by using adaptive flow-regulating water-control screen alone. It is necessary to study a new completion technology combining adaptive flow control and gravel packing. To this end, design and optimization were performed for experimental process parameters affecting the displacement, sand ratio, flushing ratio, loss of the transported gravel, and viscosity of the sand carrying fluid. According to the design results of the test process parameters, a ground-based simulation experimental device was independently designed and built for adaptive flow control and gravel packing in horizontal wells, based on which the experiment was performed twice. The test results show that the optimized low-density gravel solves the problem of limited packing displacement. Under the optimized packing parameters, the packing efficiency reached 100%. The axial seepage resistance of the packed gravel is much larger than its radial seepage resistance, realizing the function of an annulus packer, and the function of water control and oil stabilization of this flow-regulating water-control device is fully exerted. Eventually, reasonable ranges of construction parameters are obtained to provide effective guidance for field applications.
In the development of horizontal wells for easy production of sand, it is difficult to achieve good sand control effect by using adaptive flow-regulating water-control screen alone. It is necessary to study a new completion technology combining adaptive flow control and gravel packing. To this end, design and optimization were performed for experimental process parameters affecting the displacement, sand ratio, flushing ratio, loss of the transported gravel, and viscosity of the sand carrying fluid. According to the design results of the test process parameters, a ground-based simulation experimental device was independently designed and built for adaptive flow control and gravel packing in horizontal wells, based on which the experiment was performed twice. The test results show that the optimized low-density gravel solves the problem of limited packing displacement. Under the optimized packing parameters, the packing efficiency reached 100%. The axial seepage resistance of the packed gravel is much larger than its radial seepage resistance, realizing the function of an annulus packer, and the function of water control and oil stabilization of this flow-regulating water-control device is fully exerted. Eventually, reasonable ranges of construction parameters are obtained to provide effective guidance for field applications.
引文
[1]熊友明,刘理明,张林,等.我国水平井完井技术现状与发展建议[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(1):1-6. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0890.2012.01.001XIONG Youming, LIU Liming, ZHANG Lin, et al.Present status and development comments on horizontal well completion techniques in China[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2012, 40(1):1-6. doi:10.3969/j.-issn.1001-0890.2012.01.001
[2]练章华,丁士东,赵旭,等.元坝气井射孔完井近井壁渗流场分析[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013, 36(6):173-180. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.-2013.06.024LIAN Zhanghua, DING Shidong, ZHAO Xu, et al. Analysis of the fluid flow field near wellbore wall of gaswell perforated completion in Yuanba[J]. Journal of Sou-thwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2013, 36(6):173-180. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.06.024
[3] ELTAHERE E, MURADOV K, SEFAT M, et al. Performance of autonomous inflow control completion in heavy oil reservoirs[C]//International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2014. doi:10.2523/IPTC-17977-MS
[4] SANG G, JIANG Z, ZHANG Q, et al. A novel autonomous inflow control device design based on water swelling rubber[C]//IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference, 2014. doi:10.2118/170506-MS
[5] JAMES E J, HOSSAIN M M. Evaluation of factors influencing the effectiveness of passive and autonomous inflow control devices[C]//SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil&Gas Conference and Exhibition, 2017. doi:10.2118/186926-MS
[6] KHALID E,MURADOV K,DAVIES D R,et al.Autonomous inflow control valves-their modelling and"added value"[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2014. doi:10.2118/170780-MS
[7]罗伟,林永茂,李海涛,等.非均质底水油藏水平井ICD完井优化设计[J].石油学报,2017,38(10):1200-1209.doi:10.7623/syxb201710011LUO Wei, LIN Yongmao, LI Haitao, et al. ICD completion optimization design of horizontal wells in heterogeneous bottom-water reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1200-1209. doi:10.7623/syxb201710011
[8]邓金根,李萍,周建良,等.中国海上疏松砂岩适度出砂井防砂方式优选[J].石油学报,2012, 33(4):676-680.doi:10.7623/syxb201204020DENG Jingen, LI Ping, ZHOU Jianliang, et al. Sand control optimization applied to moderately sanding wells in offshore loose sandstone reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(4):676-680. doi:10.7623/syxb201204020
[9]董社霞,李强,路振兴,等.海上水平井砾石充填顶部封隔器研制与应用[J].中国海上油气,2017, 29(3):85-90. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.014DONG Shexia, LI Qiang, LU Zhenxing, et al. Development and application of top packers for gravel-pack jobs in offshore horizontal wells[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2017,29(3):85-90. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.-2017.03.014
[10]刘理明,熊友明,张俊斌,等.Haute Mer A区块深水稠油油田防砂挡砂精度研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(3):94-97. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.03.-026LIU Liming, XIONG Youming, ZHANG Junbin, et al.Research on precision accuracy of sand control for deep-water heavy oil field in Haute Mer A block[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2013, 35(3):94-97.doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1000-7393.2013.03.026
[11]李进,许杰,龚宁,等.渤海油田疏松砂岩储层动态出砂预测[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2019,41(1):119-128. doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.-04.08.01LI Jin, XU Jie, GONG Ning, et al. Prediction of dynamic sanding in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs of Bohai Oilfield[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2019,41(1):119-128.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.04.08.01
[12]李爱芬,杨柳.水平井砾石充填数值模拟研究[J].石油学报,2002, 23(1):102-106. doi:10.7623/-syxb200201021LI Aifen, YANG Liu. Numerical simulation study of gravel packing in horizontal well[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2002,23(1):102-106. doi:10.7623/syxb200201021
[13]吴建平.基于声波测井资料的疏松砂岩可压性研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009, 24(3):49-51, 55. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.2009.03.013WU Jianping. Study on the compressibility of unconsolidated sandstone based on acoustic jogging data[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2009, 24(3):49-51,55. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.-2009.03.013
[14] GRUESBECK C, SALATHIEL W M, ECHOLES E E.Design of gravel packs in deviated wellbores[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1979, 31(1):109-115. doi:10.-2118/6805-PA
[15] PENBERHY W L, BICKHAM K L, NGUYEN H T, et al.Gravel placement in horizontal wells[C]//SPE Formation Damage Control Symposium, 1996. doi:10.2118/31147-MS
[16]司连收,李自安,张健.砾石充填防砂对稠油井产能影响研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013, 35(5):135-140. doi:10.3863/j.issn. 1674-5086.-2013.05.019SI Lianshou, LI Zian, ZHANG Jian. Influence of gravel packing sand control on the productivity of heavy oil well[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2013, 35(5):135-140. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.05.019
[17]赵旭,龙武,姚志良,等.水平井砾石充填调流控水筛管完井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2017, 45(4):65-70.doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704011ZHAO Xu, LONG Wu, YAO Zhiliang, et al. Completion techniques involving gravel-packing inflow-controlscreens in horizontal wells[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2017, 45(4):65-70. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704011
[18]马明新.水平井分段砾石充填技术及现场应用[J].石油机械,2014, 42(7):55-59. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.07.013MA Mingxin. Horizontal segmented gravel pack technology and field application[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(7):55-59. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.-07.013
[19]周建宇.高压砾石充填防砂工艺参数优化设计方法研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(3):79-82. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.2005.03.019ZHOU Jianyu. Optimization design of the parameters of high-rate gravel-packing sand-preventing technology[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition), 2005,20(3):79-82. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.-2005.03.019
[20]万仁溥,罗英俊.采油技术手册:第七分册.防砂技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991:56-79.
[21]董长银,张琪,孙炜,等.砾石充填防砂工艺参数优化设计[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006, 30(5):57-61. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2006.05.014DONG Changyin, ZHANG Qi, SUN Wei, et al. New consideration in optimization design of sand control methods concerning gravel pack[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition), 2006, 30(5):57-61.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2006.05.014
[22]韩成,方达科,韦龙贵,等.海上浅层压力衰竭储层长水平井裸眼砾石充填防砂实践[J].钻采工艺,2018, 41(6):68-71. doi:10.3969/J.ISSN.1006-768X.-2018.06.20HAN Cheng, FANG Dake, WEI Longgui, et al. Practice of open-hole gravel packing sand control in offshore depleted shallow long horizontal wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology, 2018, 41(6):68-71. doi:10.3969/J.-ISSN. 1006-768X.2018.06.20
[23]刘清友,汪兴明,徐涛.考虑瞬态温度场的水平井水力冲砂临界排量[J].西南交通大学学报,2014, 49(6):1123-1129. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2014.06.028LIU Qingyou, WANG Xingming, XU Tao. Critical discharge flow of sand cleaning fluid considering transienttemperature effect of horizontal well[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014, 49(6):1123-1129. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2014.06.028
[24]周生田,董长银,李兆敏,等.水平井泡沫携砾石充填数值模拟[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 39(5):102-106. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.-2015.05.014ZHOU Shengtian, DONG Changyin, LI Zhaomin, et al.Numerical simulation for foam as sand carrying fluid during gravel packing in horizontal wells[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition), 2015,39(5):102-106. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2015.05.-014
[25]赵旭,姚志良,刘欢乐.水平井调流控水筛管完井设计方法研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(1):23-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.01.008ZHAO Xu, YAO Zhiliang, LIU Huanle. Technical research on well completion design with Inflow Control Device(ICD)in horizontal wells[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2013, 35(1):23-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.01.008
[26]赵崇镇.水平井自适应调流控水装置研制与应用[J].石油钻探技术,2016, 44(3):95-100. doi:10.-11911/syztjs.201603017ZHAO Chongzhen. Development and application of an autonomous inflow control device in horizontal wells[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2016, 44(3):95-100. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201603017
[2]练章华,丁士东,赵旭,等.元坝气井射孔完井近井壁渗流场分析[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013, 36(6):173-180. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.-2013.06.024LIAN Zhanghua, DING Shidong, ZHAO Xu, et al. Analysis of the fluid flow field near wellbore wall of gaswell perforated completion in Yuanba[J]. Journal of Sou-thwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2013, 36(6):173-180. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.06.024
[3] ELTAHERE E, MURADOV K, SEFAT M, et al. Performance of autonomous inflow control completion in heavy oil reservoirs[C]//International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2014. doi:10.2523/IPTC-17977-MS
[4] SANG G, JIANG Z, ZHANG Q, et al. A novel autonomous inflow control device design based on water swelling rubber[C]//IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference, 2014. doi:10.2118/170506-MS
[5] JAMES E J, HOSSAIN M M. Evaluation of factors influencing the effectiveness of passive and autonomous inflow control devices[C]//SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil&Gas Conference and Exhibition, 2017. doi:10.2118/186926-MS
[6] KHALID E,MURADOV K,DAVIES D R,et al.Autonomous inflow control valves-their modelling and"added value"[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2014. doi:10.2118/170780-MS
[7]罗伟,林永茂,李海涛,等.非均质底水油藏水平井ICD完井优化设计[J].石油学报,2017,38(10):1200-1209.doi:10.7623/syxb201710011LUO Wei, LIN Yongmao, LI Haitao, et al. ICD completion optimization design of horizontal wells in heterogeneous bottom-water reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1200-1209. doi:10.7623/syxb201710011
[8]邓金根,李萍,周建良,等.中国海上疏松砂岩适度出砂井防砂方式优选[J].石油学报,2012, 33(4):676-680.doi:10.7623/syxb201204020DENG Jingen, LI Ping, ZHOU Jianliang, et al. Sand control optimization applied to moderately sanding wells in offshore loose sandstone reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(4):676-680. doi:10.7623/syxb201204020
[9]董社霞,李强,路振兴,等.海上水平井砾石充填顶部封隔器研制与应用[J].中国海上油气,2017, 29(3):85-90. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.03.014DONG Shexia, LI Qiang, LU Zhenxing, et al. Development and application of top packers for gravel-pack jobs in offshore horizontal wells[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2017,29(3):85-90. doi:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.-2017.03.014
[10]刘理明,熊友明,张俊斌,等.Haute Mer A区块深水稠油油田防砂挡砂精度研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(3):94-97. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.03.-026LIU Liming, XIONG Youming, ZHANG Junbin, et al.Research on precision accuracy of sand control for deep-water heavy oil field in Haute Mer A block[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2013, 35(3):94-97.doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1000-7393.2013.03.026
[11]李进,许杰,龚宁,等.渤海油田疏松砂岩储层动态出砂预测[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2019,41(1):119-128. doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.-04.08.01LI Jin, XU Jie, GONG Ning, et al. Prediction of dynamic sanding in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs of Bohai Oilfield[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2019,41(1):119-128.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.04.08.01
[12]李爱芬,杨柳.水平井砾石充填数值模拟研究[J].石油学报,2002, 23(1):102-106. doi:10.7623/-syxb200201021LI Aifen, YANG Liu. Numerical simulation study of gravel packing in horizontal well[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2002,23(1):102-106. doi:10.7623/syxb200201021
[13]吴建平.基于声波测井资料的疏松砂岩可压性研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2009, 24(3):49-51, 55. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.2009.03.013WU Jianping. Study on the compressibility of unconsolidated sandstone based on acoustic jogging data[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2009, 24(3):49-51,55. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.-2009.03.013
[14] GRUESBECK C, SALATHIEL W M, ECHOLES E E.Design of gravel packs in deviated wellbores[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1979, 31(1):109-115. doi:10.-2118/6805-PA
[15] PENBERHY W L, BICKHAM K L, NGUYEN H T, et al.Gravel placement in horizontal wells[C]//SPE Formation Damage Control Symposium, 1996. doi:10.2118/31147-MS
[16]司连收,李自安,张健.砾石充填防砂对稠油井产能影响研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013, 35(5):135-140. doi:10.3863/j.issn. 1674-5086.-2013.05.019SI Lianshou, LI Zian, ZHANG Jian. Influence of gravel packing sand control on the productivity of heavy oil well[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition), 2013, 35(5):135-140. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2013.05.019
[17]赵旭,龙武,姚志良,等.水平井砾石充填调流控水筛管完井技术[J].石油钻探技术,2017, 45(4):65-70.doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704011ZHAO Xu, LONG Wu, YAO Zhiliang, et al. Completion techniques involving gravel-packing inflow-controlscreens in horizontal wells[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2017, 45(4):65-70. doi:10.11911/syztjs.201704011
[18]马明新.水平井分段砾石充填技术及现场应用[J].石油机械,2014, 42(7):55-59. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.07.013MA Mingxin. Horizontal segmented gravel pack technology and field application[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(7):55-59. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4578.2014.-07.013
[19]周建宇.高压砾石充填防砂工艺参数优化设计方法研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(3):79-82. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.2005.03.019ZHOU Jianyu. Optimization design of the parameters of high-rate gravel-packing sand-preventing technology[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition), 2005,20(3):79-82. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-064X.-2005.03.019
[20]万仁溥,罗英俊.采油技术手册:第七分册.防砂技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991:56-79.
[21]董长银,张琪,孙炜,等.砾石充填防砂工艺参数优化设计[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006, 30(5):57-61. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2006.05.014DONG Changyin, ZHANG Qi, SUN Wei, et al. New consideration in optimization design of sand control methods concerning gravel pack[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition), 2006, 30(5):57-61.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2006.05.014
[22]韩成,方达科,韦龙贵,等.海上浅层压力衰竭储层长水平井裸眼砾石充填防砂实践[J].钻采工艺,2018, 41(6):68-71. doi:10.3969/J.ISSN.1006-768X.-2018.06.20HAN Cheng, FANG Dake, WEI Longgui, et al. Practice of open-hole gravel packing sand control in offshore depleted shallow long horizontal wells[J]. Drilling&Production Technology, 2018, 41(6):68-71. doi:10.3969/J.-ISSN. 1006-768X.2018.06.20
[23]刘清友,汪兴明,徐涛.考虑瞬态温度场的水平井水力冲砂临界排量[J].西南交通大学学报,2014, 49(6):1123-1129. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2014.06.028LIU Qingyou, WANG Xingming, XU Tao. Critical discharge flow of sand cleaning fluid considering transienttemperature effect of horizontal well[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014, 49(6):1123-1129. doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2014.06.028
[24]周生田,董长银,李兆敏,等.水平井泡沫携砾石充填数值模拟[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 39(5):102-106. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.-2015.05.014ZHOU Shengtian, DONG Changyin, LI Zhaomin, et al.Numerical simulation for foam as sand carrying fluid during gravel packing in horizontal wells[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Natural Science Edition), 2015,39(5):102-106. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2015.05.-014
[25]赵旭,姚志良,刘欢乐.水平井调流控水筛管完井设计方法研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(1):23-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.01.008ZHAO Xu, YAO Zhiliang, LIU Huanle. Technical research on well completion design with Inflow Control Device(ICD)in horizontal wells[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology, 2013, 35(1):23-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7393.2013.01.008
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