论《无名印度人自传》的书写策略
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摘要
乔杜里所著《无名印度人自传》以写史的名义作传,这一写作方式既表明他对传主身份的不确定性,也反映出他杂糅式的书写策略。乔杜里在自传中品评人事的准则是欧洲中心主义式的,他笔下的西方人与印度人的形象也褒贬有别,这体现出他以西方文化为本位的文化身份定位。
The Autobiography of An Unknown Indian,written by Nirad Chaudhuri appears to be an "objective"historical account,which demonstrates his uncertainty about his role as an autobiographer and his hybrid writing strategy. In the book,the author took a Eurocentric perspective to appraise people and events around him,which reveals that his self-orientation is primarily based on western culture.
The Autobiography of An Unknown Indian,written by Nirad Chaudhuri appears to be an "objective"historical account,which demonstrates his uncertainty about his role as an autobiographer and his hybrid writing strategy. In the book,the author took a Eurocentric perspective to appraise people and events around him,which reveals that his self-orientation is primarily based on western culture.
引文
[1] Alastair Niven. Contrasts in the Autobiography of Childhood:Nirad Chaudhuri,Janet Frame and Wole Soyinka[C]//Doireann MacDermott. Autobiographical and Biographical Writing in the Commonwealth. Spain:Departmento de Lenguay Literature Ingleasa,Universidad de Barcelona,1984.
[2] Doris Lessing. Time Bites:Views and Reviews[M]. London:Harper Perennial,2005.
[3] Salman Rushdie. Step Across This Line:Collected Nonfiction 1992—2002[M]. New York:The Modern Library,2003.
[4] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. Thy Hand,Great Anarch! India:1921—1952[M]. London:Chatto&Windus,1987.
[5] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. The Autobiography of An Unknown Indian[M].London:The Hogarth Press,1987.
[6] Georg G. Iggers. Historiography in the Twentieth Century:From Scientific Objectivity to the Postmodern Challenge[M]. Middletown:Wesleyan University Press,1997.
[7] Mishra,Sudesh. The Two Chaudhuris:Historical Witness and Pseudo-Historian[J]. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature,1988(7):7-15.
[8]赵白生.传记文学理论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[9] V. S. Naipaul. The Overcrowded Barracoon,and Other Articles[M].London:AndréDeutsch,1972.
[10] Edward Said. Orientalism[M]. London and Henley:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1978.
[11] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. A Passage to England[M]. London:The Hogarth Press,1989.
[12] Homi K. Bhabha. The Location of Culture[M]. London and New York:Routledge,2004.
[13] C. Paul Verghese. Nirad C. Chaudhuri[M]. London and New Delhi:Arnold-Heinemann India,1973.
(1)《自传》的英文原版于1951年由Macmillan出版社首发,到2003年先后出版了48版(参见http://www. worldcat. org/wcidentities/lccn-n78-78744,2010-03-15),这还不包括重印与加印以及其他语言译本的数量,足见其在英语图书市场的畅销。
(1)乔杜里饱读诗书,极爱用典。假海龟(mock-turtle)的比喻来自卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》(Alice's Adventures in Wonderland,1865),卡罗在此书中虚构了假海龟这一角色,它本来活得很好,却总是故作忧郁。
(1)“德里朝觐”是指1911年,为庆祝刚刚登基的大英帝国国王乔治五世(King George V)莅临英属印度的首都德里,上百个土邦和藩王们全部前往首都新德里朝觐。此事在当时的印度以及大英帝国都是史无前例之事,因此声势浩大,史称“德里朝觐”。
[2] Doris Lessing. Time Bites:Views and Reviews[M]. London:Harper Perennial,2005.
[3] Salman Rushdie. Step Across This Line:Collected Nonfiction 1992—2002[M]. New York:The Modern Library,2003.
[4] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. Thy Hand,Great Anarch! India:1921—1952[M]. London:Chatto&Windus,1987.
[5] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. The Autobiography of An Unknown Indian[M].London:The Hogarth Press,1987.
[6] Georg G. Iggers. Historiography in the Twentieth Century:From Scientific Objectivity to the Postmodern Challenge[M]. Middletown:Wesleyan University Press,1997.
[7] Mishra,Sudesh. The Two Chaudhuris:Historical Witness and Pseudo-Historian[J]. The Journal of Commonwealth Literature,1988(7):7-15.
[8]赵白生.传记文学理论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2003.
[9] V. S. Naipaul. The Overcrowded Barracoon,and Other Articles[M].London:AndréDeutsch,1972.
[10] Edward Said. Orientalism[M]. London and Henley:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1978.
[11] Nirad C. Chaudhuri. A Passage to England[M]. London:The Hogarth Press,1989.
[12] Homi K. Bhabha. The Location of Culture[M]. London and New York:Routledge,2004.
[13] C. Paul Verghese. Nirad C. Chaudhuri[M]. London and New Delhi:Arnold-Heinemann India,1973.
(1)《自传》的英文原版于1951年由Macmillan出版社首发,到2003年先后出版了48版(参见http://www. worldcat. org/wcidentities/lccn-n78-78744,2010-03-15),这还不包括重印与加印以及其他语言译本的数量,足见其在英语图书市场的畅销。
(1)乔杜里饱读诗书,极爱用典。假海龟(mock-turtle)的比喻来自卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》(Alice's Adventures in Wonderland,1865),卡罗在此书中虚构了假海龟这一角色,它本来活得很好,却总是故作忧郁。
(1)“德里朝觐”是指1911年,为庆祝刚刚登基的大英帝国国王乔治五世(King George V)莅临英属印度的首都德里,上百个土邦和藩王们全部前往首都新德里朝觐。此事在当时的印度以及大英帝国都是史无前例之事,因此声势浩大,史称“德里朝觐”。