四川省栖息地周边社区对大熊猫保护的响应及影响因素——基于农户行为视角
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摘要
大熊猫栖息地与周边社区相互交叠,社区居民生计高度依赖于栖息地的自然资源,社区农户是大熊猫保护的重要利益相关者。通过实地调查、收集数据、构建计量模型,分析了四川省典型县域大熊猫栖息地周边社区农户响应大熊猫保护的行为及其影响因素。结果表明:社区农户多数积极响应对大熊猫的保护,参与保护管理部门的宣传培训,提高生计多样性和收入来源,同时减少薪柴采集、割竹挖笋等对大熊猫栖息地有直接干扰的行为,少数农户参与过大熊猫等野生动物救护工作。社区的积极响应是推动大熊猫保护工作顺利开展的重要保障,未来保护政策应加大力度鼓励社区参与大熊猫保护工作,以提高保护效率。
Because the habitat of the giant panda overlaps with the community,the livelihoods of the residents depended highly on the natural resources of the habitats. Community farmers were important stakeholders in the protection of giant pandas. Based on field survey,data collection and econometric model,this paper analyzed the behavior and influencing factors of farmers responding to giant panda protection in communities around giant panda habitat in typical counties of Sichuan Province. The results showed that the majority of community farmers responded positively to the protection of giant pandas,participated in the propaganda and training of conservation management departments,increased the diversity of livelihoods and income sources,and reduced the direct interference of firewood collection,bamboo cutting and bamboo shooting on the habitat of giant pandas. A small number of farmers were involved in the rescue of giant pandas or other wild animals. The positive response of the community was an important guarantee for the smooth development of giant panda protection.
Because the habitat of the giant panda overlaps with the community,the livelihoods of the residents depended highly on the natural resources of the habitats. Community farmers were important stakeholders in the protection of giant pandas. Based on field survey,data collection and econometric model,this paper analyzed the behavior and influencing factors of farmers responding to giant panda protection in communities around giant panda habitat in typical counties of Sichuan Province. The results showed that the majority of community farmers responded positively to the protection of giant pandas,participated in the propaganda and training of conservation management departments,increased the diversity of livelihoods and income sources,and reduced the direct interference of firewood collection,bamboo cutting and bamboo shooting on the habitat of giant pandas. A small number of farmers were involved in the rescue of giant pandas or other wild animals. The positive response of the community was an important guarantee for the smooth development of giant panda protection.
引文
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[13]秦青,赵正,温亚利,等.栖息地周边社区自然资源依赖度及影响因素分析———四川省大熊猫栖息地为例[J].资源开发与市场,2017,(3)∶301-306.
[14]冉江洪,刘少英,王鸿加,等.放牧对冶勒自然保护区大熊猫生境的影响[J].兽类学报,2003,(4)∶288-294.
[15]赵雪雁.生计资本对甘南高原农牧民生计活动的影响[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,(4)∶111-118.
[16]韩锋,王昌海.自然保护区周边社区薪柴消费影响因素分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(5)∶971-978.
[2]Maraseni T N. Climate Change,Poverty and Livelihoods:Adaptation Practices by Rural Mountain Communities in Nepal[J]. Environmental Science&Policy,2012,(21)∶4-34.
[3]刘静,苗鸿,郑华,等.卧龙自然保护区对当地社区关系模式探讨[J].生态学报,2009,29(1)∶259-271.
[4]段伟.保护区生物多样性保护与农户生计协调发展研究[D].北京:北京林业大学博士学位论文,2016.
[5]Mehta J N,Kellert S R. Local Attitudes Toward Community-based Conservation Policy and Programmes in Nepal:A Case Study in the Makalu-Barun Conservation Area[J]. Environmental Conservation,1998,25(4)∶320-333.
[6]Lise W. Factors Influencing People's Participation in Forest Management in India[J]. Ecological Economics,2000,34(3)∶379-392.
[7]Nepal S K,Spiteri A. Linking Livelihoods and Conservation:An Examination of Local Residents'Perceived Linkages Between Conservation and Livelihood BenefitsAround Nepal's Chitwan National Park[J]. Environmental Management,2011,47(5)∶727-38.
[8]四川省林业厅.四川的大熊猫———四川省第四次大熊猫调查报告[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2015∶25-33.
[9]Holloway L E,Ilbery B W. Farmers'Attitudes Towards Environmental Change,Particularly Global Warming,and the Adjustment of Crop Mix and Farm Management[J]. Applied Geography,1996,16(2)∶159-171.
[10]Cherchye L,De Rock B,Vermeulen F. The Revealed Preference Approach to Collective Consumption Behaviour:Testing and Sharing Rule Recovery[J]. The Review of Economic Studies,2011,78(1)∶176-198.
[11]温亚利.中国生物多样性保护政策的经济分析[D].北京:北京林业大学博士学位论文,2003.
[12]李军龙,滕剑仑.生计资本下农户参与生态补偿行为意愿分析基于福建省三明地区48个村的调查[J].福建农林大学学报,2013,16(5)∶15-20.
[13]秦青,赵正,温亚利,等.栖息地周边社区自然资源依赖度及影响因素分析———四川省大熊猫栖息地为例[J].资源开发与市场,2017,(3)∶301-306.
[14]冉江洪,刘少英,王鸿加,等.放牧对冶勒自然保护区大熊猫生境的影响[J].兽类学报,2003,(4)∶288-294.
[15]赵雪雁.生计资本对甘南高原农牧民生计活动的影响[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2011,(4)∶111-118.
[16]韩锋,王昌海.自然保护区周边社区薪柴消费影响因素分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(5)∶971-978.