羽衣甘蓝新品系自交不亲和性及主要园艺性状的评价
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摘要
在上海地区越冬露地栽培条件下,对6个观赏型羽衣甘蓝新品系的自交不亲和性及其主要园艺性状进行观察评价。结果表明:6个羽衣甘蓝新品系间的自交不亲和性存在明显差异,OK-2、OK-5和OK-6的自交亲和性较高,而OK-1、OK-3和OK-4的自交不亲和性较高。尤其OK-4的花期自交亲和指数仅为1.87,而蕾期自交亲和指数高达35.14,是羽衣甘蓝优良自交不亲和新品系;其次,OK-1的花期自交亲和指数为2.82,自交不亲和性也较突出。6个新品系的株型、叶型及叶色各具特色,且抗寒性和综合抗病性较强,均能在上海地区安全越冬。其中,OK-1和OK-4的综合抗逆性最强,叶色也最为鲜艳独特,是综合农艺性状优良的羽衣甘蓝新品系。
Self-incompatibility and main horticultural traits of 6 new strains of ornamental kale(Brassica oleracea var.acephala f.tricolor Hort.)were evaluated,which were cultivated in open field through winter in Shanghai.The 6 new strains showed different self-incompatibility.The new strains OK-2,OK-5 and OK-6 had higher self-compatibility,while strains OK-1,OK-3 and OK-4 had higher self-incompatibility.In particular,the self-incompatibility of OK-4 was only 1.87 at flowering phase while higher self-compatibility of 35.14 at bud stage.The results meant OK-4 is a good new strain with high self-incompatibility.Secondly,the self-compatibility of OK-1 at flowering phase was 2.82.The 6 new strains showed different plant types,leaf types and flower colors.The 6 strains also showed strong cold tolerance and disease resistance,and they could be cultivated in open field through winter in Shanghai area.Compared with other strains,OK-1 and OK-4 are new ornamental kale strains with strongest comprehensive resistance,most unique leaf colors,and good comprehensive agronomic traits.
Self-incompatibility and main horticultural traits of 6 new strains of ornamental kale(Brassica oleracea var.acephala f.tricolor Hort.)were evaluated,which were cultivated in open field through winter in Shanghai.The 6 new strains showed different self-incompatibility.The new strains OK-2,OK-5 and OK-6 had higher self-compatibility,while strains OK-1,OK-3 and OK-4 had higher self-incompatibility.In particular,the self-incompatibility of OK-4 was only 1.87 at flowering phase while higher self-compatibility of 35.14 at bud stage.The results meant OK-4 is a good new strain with high self-incompatibility.Secondly,the self-compatibility of OK-1 at flowering phase was 2.82.The 6 new strains showed different plant types,leaf types and flower colors.The 6 strains also showed strong cold tolerance and disease resistance,and they could be cultivated in open field through winter in Shanghai area.Compared with other strains,OK-1 and OK-4 are new ornamental kale strains with strongest comprehensive resistance,most unique leaf colors,and good comprehensive agronomic traits.
引文
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[2]何小玲,王金发.观赏花卉的品质基因及其基因工程问题[J].植物生理学通讯,1998,34(6):462-466.HE X L,WANG J F.Quality genes and genetic engineering problems of ornamental flowers[J].Plant Physiology Communications,1998,34(6):462-466.
[3]MCCUBBIN A G,KAO T.Molecular recognition and response in pollen and pistil interactions[J].Annual Review of Cell&Developmental Biology,2000(16):333-364.
[4]李惠芬,钱芝龙.羽衣甘蓝创新种质耐冻性及在杂种一代中的遗传表现[J].中国园艺文摘,2006(2):14-16.LI H F,QIAN ZH L.Cold resistance and genetic performance in F1hybrids of ornamental kale new germplasms[J].Chinese Horticultural Abstracts,2006(2):14-16.
[5]于利,黄建新,王红,等.结球甘蓝霜霉病抗性鉴定与遗传分析[J].华北农学报,2013,288(3):193-198.YU L,HUANG J X,WANG H,et al.Identification and genetic analysis of downy mildew resistance in Brassica oleracea var.capitata L[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2013,288(3):193-198.
[6]崔瑞峰,孙九光,张光星.甘蓝黑腐病苗期抗病性鉴定[J].北方园艺,2008(6):201-203.CUI R F,SUN J G,ZHANG G X.Studies on identifying resistance to black rot of cabbage in seedling stage[J].Northern Horticulture,2008(6):201-203.
[7]张光明,王翠花.大白菜抗软腐病接种鉴定方法的初步研究[J].山东农业科学,1995(5):39-40.ZHANG G M,WANG C H.Preliminary study on the method of inoculation and identification of soft rot in Chinese cabbage[J].Shandong Agricultural Science,1995(5):39-40.
[8]雷建军,李成琼,宋明.结球甘蓝主要经济性状遗传研究[J].西南农业大学学报,1994,16(3):243-246.LEI J J,LI CH Q,SONG M.Inheritance of main economic characters in cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capitata)[J].Journal of Southwest Agricultural University,1994,16(3):243-246.
[9]吴淑芸,曹辰兴.蔬菜育种繁育原理和技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:55-58.WU SH Y,CAO CH X.Principles and Techniques of Vegetable Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,1995:55-58.
[10]蓝兴国,解莉楠,于晓敏,等.羽衣甘蓝自交不亲和系的选育及S13b单倍型的鉴定[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(12):32-39.LAN X G,XIE L N,YU X M,et al.Selection of self-incompatible line and identification of the S13bhaplotype fromBrassica oleracea var.acephala[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2006,28(12):32-39.