甘蔗品种对甘蔗生长中后期螟虫分布的影响
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摘要
通过调查自然种群接虫方式下的螟害蛀孔数,应用聚集度指标、Iwao的回归法和Taylor幂指数法等方法综合分析了螟害蛀孔在不同甘蔗品种上的分布特点,明确不同甘蔗品种对甘蔗生长中后期螟虫分布格局,以期为指导螟虫预警监测和制定防控措施提供参考。结果表明,螟害蛀孔在蔗茎上均呈单峰型分布特征,抗虫品种聚集中心在第4～5节,感虫品种聚集中心则在第6～7节;在不同甘蔗品种上,螟害蛀孔基本成分为个体群,个体间相互吸引;螟害蛀孔空间分布型一致,均呈聚集分布,其数量和聚集强度与品种抗性相关。聚集均数λ分析表明,不同抗性等级的甘蔗品种螟害蛀孔聚集原因不同。不同甘蔗品种螟虫分布存在差异,其中抗性甘蔗品种上的螟虫聚集主要由环境因素引起,感虫甘蔗品种上的聚集除环境因素外,还与螟虫或甘蔗自身生物学习性有关。
This paper surveyed borer holes through the natural population infestation, and analyzed distribution characteristics of sugarcane borers in cane stalks by aggregation indices, Iwao's regression and Taylor indices. Distribution pattern of different sugarcane varieties to the sugarcane borers in the middle and later growth periods of sugarcane was determined in order to lay a foundation for the monitoring and control of borers. The results showed that borer holes in cane stalks were distributed in a pattern of single peak, and gathered in 4 th～5 thinternodes for resistant varieties and in 6 th～7 th internodes for susceptible varieties. In the different sugarcane varieties, the basic pattern of borer holes was of individual colony in sugarcane field, and individuals attracted each other. Borer holes in cane stalks showed the same distribution pattern in space. They were gathered distribution pattern in all tested sugarcane varieties. Number and aggregation intensity of borer holes were related to the resistance of varieties. The mean λ value indicated that the borer holes gathered for different causes with different levels of resistance. The distribution of borers in different sugarcane varieties is different. The accumulation of borers on the resistant sugarcane varieties is mainly caused by environmental factors, and those on susceptible varieties is also related to the biological learning of sugarcane or cane borers.
This paper surveyed borer holes through the natural population infestation, and analyzed distribution characteristics of sugarcane borers in cane stalks by aggregation indices, Iwao's regression and Taylor indices. Distribution pattern of different sugarcane varieties to the sugarcane borers in the middle and later growth periods of sugarcane was determined in order to lay a foundation for the monitoring and control of borers. The results showed that borer holes in cane stalks were distributed in a pattern of single peak, and gathered in 4 th～5 thinternodes for resistant varieties and in 6 th～7 th internodes for susceptible varieties. In the different sugarcane varieties, the basic pattern of borer holes was of individual colony in sugarcane field, and individuals attracted each other. Borer holes in cane stalks showed the same distribution pattern in space. They were gathered distribution pattern in all tested sugarcane varieties. Number and aggregation intensity of borer holes were related to the resistance of varieties. The mean λ value indicated that the borer holes gathered for different causes with different levels of resistance. The distribution of borers in different sugarcane varieties is different. The accumulation of borers on the resistant sugarcane varieties is mainly caused by environmental factors, and those on susceptible varieties is also related to the biological learning of sugarcane or cane borers.
引文
[1]黄应昆,李文凤.现代甘蔗病虫草害原色图谱[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011:1-6.
[2]李文凤,尹炯,黄应昆,等.甘蔗螟虫为害损失研究[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):205-210.
[3]罗志明,黄应昆,李文凤,等.高原生态蔗区甘蔗螟虫猖獗原因与防治对策[J].动物学研究(昆虫学专辑),2009:105-109.
[4]杨友军.甘蔗螟虫为害加深原因及防治对策[J].甘蔗,2003,10(2):36-38.
[5]PARK Y L,KRELL R K,CARROLL M.Theory,technology,and practice of site-specific insect pest management[J].Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,2007,10(2):89-101.
[6]GARCíA F J M.Analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of Helicoverpa armigera Hb.in a tomato field using a stochastic approach[J].Biosystems Engineering,2006,93(3):253-259.
[7]WHEELER J A G.Biology of the Plant Bugs(Hemiptera:Miridae)[M].New York:Cornell University Press,2001:507.
[8]峗薇,杨茂发,廖启荣,等.两种育秧方式下稻水象甲幼虫的空间分布型及其抽样技术[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(2):128-132.
[9]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.宿根蔗苗期螟幼虫空间动态的地统计学分析[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(1):105-109.
[10]尹炯,黄应昆,李文凤,等.大螟蔗田枯心苗的空间分布型及抽样技术研究[J].植物保护,2012,38(4):127-130.
[11]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.甘蔗苗期大螟幼虫空间格局的地统计学分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(20):86-90.
[12]AMIN N.Evaluation of varietal resistance of commercial sugarcane varieties to stalk borers,Sesamia spp.(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae),under field conditions[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2016,59(7):785-790.
[13]伍苏然,杨乃博,熊国如,等.海南蔗区不同甘蔗种质对螟虫抗性差异比较[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(3):100-102.
[14]林兆里.甘蔗品种生长中后期对螟虫抗性综合评价[J].中国糖料,2016,38(3):10-13.
[15]龚恒亮,李金玉,孙东磊,等.甘蔗种质资源材料抗螟虫性研究与评价[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(24):18-21.
[16]赵士熙,林清金,郑东开.甘蔗二点螟幼虫的空间分布型和抽样技术[J].福建农学院学报,1990,20(1):41-46.
[17]张孝羲.昆虫生态及预测预报[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:56-73.
[18]丁岩钦.昆虫数学生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:29-58.
[19]NIBOUCHE S,TIBERE R.Damage assessment for selection of resistance to the spotted stalk borer and genetic correlations for resistance and yield components in sugarcane[J].Plant breeding,2008,127(1):38-42.
[20]KEEPING M G.Screening of South African sugarcane cultivars for resistance to the stalk borer,Eldana saccharina Walker(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)[J].African entomology,2006,14(2):277-288.
[21]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.21个甘蔗品种对螟虫抗性鉴定与评价[J].应用昆虫学报,2017,54(4):667-673.
[22]KYLE M L,HENSLEY S D.Sugarcane borer host plant resistance studies[J].Proceedings of Louisiana Academy of Science,1970(33):55-67.
[23]DAVID H,JOSEPH K J.Mechanism of resistance in sugarcane against the internode borer Chilo sacchariphagus indicus(Kapur)[J].Proceedings of Sugarcane Technology Association in India,1984(48):43-58.(本篇责任编校:李美)
[2]李文凤,尹炯,黄应昆,等.甘蔗螟虫为害损失研究[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):205-210.
[3]罗志明,黄应昆,李文凤,等.高原生态蔗区甘蔗螟虫猖獗原因与防治对策[J].动物学研究(昆虫学专辑),2009:105-109.
[4]杨友军.甘蔗螟虫为害加深原因及防治对策[J].甘蔗,2003,10(2):36-38.
[5]PARK Y L,KRELL R K,CARROLL M.Theory,technology,and practice of site-specific insect pest management[J].Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,2007,10(2):89-101.
[6]GARCíA F J M.Analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of Helicoverpa armigera Hb.in a tomato field using a stochastic approach[J].Biosystems Engineering,2006,93(3):253-259.
[7]WHEELER J A G.Biology of the Plant Bugs(Hemiptera:Miridae)[M].New York:Cornell University Press,2001:507.
[8]峗薇,杨茂发,廖启荣,等.两种育秧方式下稻水象甲幼虫的空间分布型及其抽样技术[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(2):128-132.
[9]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.宿根蔗苗期螟幼虫空间动态的地统计学分析[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(1):105-109.
[10]尹炯,黄应昆,李文凤,等.大螟蔗田枯心苗的空间分布型及抽样技术研究[J].植物保护,2012,38(4):127-130.
[11]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.甘蔗苗期大螟幼虫空间格局的地统计学分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(20):86-90.
[12]AMIN N.Evaluation of varietal resistance of commercial sugarcane varieties to stalk borers,Sesamia spp.(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae),under field conditions[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2016,59(7):785-790.
[13]伍苏然,杨乃博,熊国如,等.海南蔗区不同甘蔗种质对螟虫抗性差异比较[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(3):100-102.
[14]林兆里.甘蔗品种生长中后期对螟虫抗性综合评价[J].中国糖料,2016,38(3):10-13.
[15]龚恒亮,李金玉,孙东磊,等.甘蔗种质资源材料抗螟虫性研究与评价[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(24):18-21.
[16]赵士熙,林清金,郑东开.甘蔗二点螟幼虫的空间分布型和抽样技术[J].福建农学院学报,1990,20(1):41-46.
[17]张孝羲.昆虫生态及预测预报[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997:56-73.
[18]丁岩钦.昆虫数学生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:29-58.
[19]NIBOUCHE S,TIBERE R.Damage assessment for selection of resistance to the spotted stalk borer and genetic correlations for resistance and yield components in sugarcane[J].Plant breeding,2008,127(1):38-42.
[20]KEEPING M G.Screening of South African sugarcane cultivars for resistance to the stalk borer,Eldana saccharina Walker(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)[J].African entomology,2006,14(2):277-288.
[21]罗志明,尹炯,黄应昆,等.21个甘蔗品种对螟虫抗性鉴定与评价[J].应用昆虫学报,2017,54(4):667-673.
[22]KYLE M L,HENSLEY S D.Sugarcane borer host plant resistance studies[J].Proceedings of Louisiana Academy of Science,1970(33):55-67.
[23]DAVID H,JOSEPH K J.Mechanism of resistance in sugarcane against the internode borer Chilo sacchariphagus indicus(Kapur)[J].Proceedings of Sugarcane Technology Association in India,1984(48):43-58.(本篇责任编校:李美)