基于3S技术的辽河河口湿地生态环境需水量研究
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摘要
利用3S技术对辽河河口湿地覆被信息进行提取,为生态环境需水量计算提供数据基础。根据研究区的实际情况和生态系统特征确定生态环境需水量的计算类型和计算方法,经计算结果表明:适宜生态环境需水量为2.74亿m3/a;多年平均降雨下、75%频率下和95%频率下对应的最小生态环境需水量分别为0.78、0.94和1.10亿m3/a。为有利于水资源的优化配置,给出了它们的生态环境逐月需水过程。在缺水的情况下,最小生态需水量计算是非常重要的。
The information of wetland cover in Liaohe estuary is extracted by 3S technology to provide the data base for calculation of ecoenvironmental water requirement. According to the actual situation and the characteristics of ecosystem,the calculation types and methods of water requirement of eco-environment is determined. The calculation results show that the optimum water requirement of eco-environment is2.74×108m3/a; the minimum water requirement of eco-environment are 0.78×108m3/a,0.94×108m3/a and 1.10×108m3/a,respectively,under the condition of average annual rainfall,75% probability and 95% probability. In order to realize the optimal allocation of water resources,the progress of eco-environment water requirement month by month is given. The minimum water requirement of eco-environment is essential important in the case of water shortage.
The information of wetland cover in Liaohe estuary is extracted by 3S technology to provide the data base for calculation of ecoenvironmental water requirement. According to the actual situation and the characteristics of ecosystem,the calculation types and methods of water requirement of eco-environment is determined. The calculation results show that the optimum water requirement of eco-environment is2.74×108m3/a; the minimum water requirement of eco-environment are 0.78×108m3/a,0.94×108m3/a and 1.10×108m3/a,respectively,under the condition of average annual rainfall,75% probability and 95% probability. In order to realize the optimal allocation of water resources,the progress of eco-environment water requirement month by month is given. The minimum water requirement of eco-environment is essential important in the case of water shortage.
引文
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[2]张欣,周林林,李萌,等.辽宁盘锦双台子河口湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].水资源保护,2010,(4):8-12.
[3]王建群,韩丽,马轶民.扎龙湿地生态系统需水量[J].湖泊科学,2006,(2):114-119.
[4]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(2):213-217.
[5]Hughes R M,Whittier T R,Thiele J E,et al.Lake and stream indicators for the United States environmental protection agency's environmental monitoring and assessment program[C]∥Daninel H,Mckenzie D,Hyatt E,et al.Ecological indicators.Barking:Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd,1992:305-335.
[6]宋兰兰,陆桂华.生态环境需水研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2004,(6):57-61.
[7]沈惠安,胥铭兴,王凤翥.莫莫格自然保护区湿地生态需水量计算[J].东北水利水电,2009,(6):44-47.